любити

See also: љубити

Old Church Slavonic

Alternative forms

• ⰾⱓⰱⰻⱅⰻ (ljubiti) — Glagolitic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ľubiti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaubī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *lowbʰéyeti, from *lewbʰ-.

Verb

любити • (ljubiti) impf

1. (transitive) to love
   • (Can we date this quote?), Vita Methodii, 0700300-0700310:

     а тꙑ любиши гороу вельми, то не мози горꙑ ради оставити оучениꙗ своѥго

     a ty ljubiši goru velĭmi, to ne mozi gory radi ostaviti učenija svojego

     Though you have great love for the mountain, still leave not your teaching for the mountain’s sake.

   • 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Luke 7:47:

     ⰵⰳⱁⰶⰵ ⱃⰰⰴⰻ ⰳⰾ҃ⱙ ⱅⰻ· ⱁⱅⱏⱂⱆⱎⱅⰰⱙⱅⱏ ⱄⱔ ⰵⰻ ⰳⱃⱑⱄⰻ ⰿⱐⱀⱁⰸⰻ· ⱑⰽⱁ ⰲⱐⰸⰾⱓⰱⰻ ⰿⱏⱀⱁⰳⱁ· ⰰ ⰵⰿⱆⰶⰵ ⰿⱐⱀⰵ ⱁⱅⱏⰴⰰ ⱄⱔ· ⰿⱐⱀⱐⱎⱐⰿⰻ ⰾⱓⰱⰻⱅⱏ·

     [егоже ради гл҃ѭ ти· отъпоуштаѭтъ сѧ еи грѣси мьнози· ѣко вьзлюби мъного· а емоуже мьне отъда сѧ· мьньшьми любитъ·]

     egože radi gl:jǫ ti· otŭpuštajǫtŭ sę ei grěsi mĭnozi· jěko vĭzljubi mŭnogo· a emuže mĭne otŭda sę· mĭnĭšĭmi ljubitŭ·

     Wherefore I say unto thee, Her sins, which are many, are forgiven; for she loved much: but to whom little is forgiven, the same loveth little.

   • 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of John 20:2:

     ⱅⰵⱍⰵ ⰶⰵ ⰻ ⱂⱃⰻⰴⰵ ⰽⱏ ⱄⰻⰿⱁⱀⱆ ⱂⰵⱅⱃⱆ· ⰺ ⰽⱏ ⰴⱃⱆⰳⱆⰿⱆ ⱆⱍⰵⱀⰻⰽⱆ· ⰵⰳⱁⰶⰵ ⰾⱓⰱⰾⱑⰰⱎⰵ ⰻⱄ҃ⱏ· ⰺ ⰳⰾ҃ⰰ ⰻⰿⰰ ⰲⱏⰸⱔⱄⱔ ⰳ҃ⰰ ⱁⱅⱏ ⰳⱃⱁⰱⰰ· ⰺ ⱀⰵ ⰲⱑⰿⱐ ⰽⱏⰴⰵ ⱂⱁⰾⱁⰶⰻⱎⱔ ⰻ·

     [тече же и приде къ симоноу петроу· ꙇ къ дроугоумоу оученикоу· егоже люблѣаше ис҃ъ· ꙇ гл҃а има възѧсѧ г҃а отъ гроба· ꙇ не вѣмь къде положишѧ и·]

     teče že i pride kŭ simonu petru· i kŭ drugumu učeniku· egože ljublěaše is:ŭ· i gl:a ima vŭzęsę g:a otŭ groba· i ne věmĭ kŭde položišę i·

     Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the LORD out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.

   • 11th century, Sava's book (in Old Cyrillic), Gospel of John 21:17:

     г҃ла е҆моу третие҆е҆ симоне и҆о҆нинъ любиши ли мѧ·

     g:la emu tretijeje simone ioninŭ ljubiši li mę·

     He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me?

2. (transitive) to wish, to like doing something
   • 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 6:5:

     ⰺ҅ ⰵⰳⰴⰰ ⰿⱁⰾⰻⱎⰻ ⱄⱔ ⱀⰵ ⰱⱘⰴⰻ ⱑⰽⱁ ⰻ ⰾⰻⱌⰵⰿⱑⱃⰻ· ⱑⰽⱁ ⰾⱓⰱⱔⱅⱏ ⱀⰰ ⱄⱁⱀⱏⰿⰻⱎⱅⰻⱈⱏ ⰻ ⰲⱏ ⱄⱅⱏⰳⱀⰰⱈⱏⰻ ⱀⰰ ⱃⰰⱄⱂⱘⱅⰻⱈⱏ ⱄⱅⱁⱗⱎⱅⰵ ⰿⱁⰾⰻⱅⰻ ⱄⱔ· ⰴⰰ ⱑⰲⱔⱅⱏ ⱄⱔ ⱍⰾⱁⰲⱑⰽⱁⰿⱏ·

     [ꙇ҅ егда молиши сѧ не бѫди ѣко и лицемѣри· ѣко любѧтъ на сонъмиштихъ и въ стъгнахъи на распѫтихъ стоѩште молити сѧ· да ѣвѧтъ сѧ чловѣкомъ·]

     hi egda moliši sę ne bǫdi jěko i liceměri· jěko ljubętŭ na sonŭmištixŭ i vŭ stŭgnaxŷi na raspǫtixŭ stojęšte moliti sę· da jěvętŭ sę člověkomŭ·

     And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are: for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men.

   • 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 23:6:

     ⰾⱓⰱⱔⱅⱏ ⰶⰵ ⱂⱃⱑⰶⰴⰵⰲⱏⰸⰾⱑⰳⰰⱀⰻⱑ ⱀⰰ ⰲⰵⱍⰵⱃⱑⱈⱏ· ⰺ ⱂⱃⱑⰶⰴⰵⱄⱑⰴⰰⱀⰻⱑ ⱀⰰ ⱄⱁⱀⱏⰿⰻⱎⱅⰻⱈⱏ· ⰺ ⱌⱑⰾⱁⰲⰰⱀⰻⱑ ⱀⰰ ⱅⱃⱏⰶⰻⱎⱅⰻⱈⱏ ⰺ ⱀⰰⱃⰻⱌⰰⱅⰻ ⱄⱔ ⱁⱅⱏ ⱍⰾ҃ⰽⱏ ⱃⰰⰲⱐⰲⰻ·

     [любѧтъ же прѣждевъзлѣганиѣ на вечерѣхъ· ꙇ прѣждесѣданиѣ на сонъмиштихъ· ꙇ цѣлованиѣ на тръжиштихъ ꙇ нарицати сѧ отъ чл҃къ равьви·]

     ljubętŭ že prěždevŭzlěganijě na večerěxŭ· i prěždesědanijě na sonŭmištixŭ· i cělovanijě na trŭžištixŭ i naricati sę otŭ čl:kŭ ravĭvi·

     And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues, and greetings in the markets, and to be called of men, Rabbi, Rabbi.

   • 11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 289, line 1:

     глаголати къ богоу любꙙ въ мльчании҆·

     glagolati kŭ bogu ljubę vŭ mlĭčanii·

     Desiring to converse with God in quietness.

Conjugation

Conjugation of любити (class II1, transitive)

infinitive supine verbal noun любити ljubiti любитъ ljubitŭ люблѥниѥ ljubljenije participles1 present past active любѧ ljubę любл҄ь, любивъ ljublʹĭ, ljubivŭ passive любимъ ljubimŭ люблѥнъ ljubljenŭ l-participle masculine neuter feminine singular любилъ ljubilŭ любило ljubilo любила ljubila dual любила ljubila любилѣ ljubilě любилѣ ljubilě plural любили ljubili любила ljubila любилꙑ ljubily present imperfect imperative singular 1st люблѭ ljubljǫ люблꙗахъ ljubljaaxŭ — 2nd любиши ljubiši люблꙗаше ljubljaaše люби ljubi 3rd любитъ ljubitŭ люблꙗаше ljubljaaše люби ljubi dual 1st любивѣ ljubivě люблꙗаховѣ ljubljaaxově любивѣ ljubivě 2nd любита ljubita люблꙗашета ljubljaašeta любита ljubita 3rd любите, любита ljubite, ljubita люблꙗашете, люблꙗашета ljubljaašete, ljubljaašeta — plural 1st любимъ ljubimŭ люблꙗахомъ ljubljaaxomŭ любимъ ljubimŭ 2nd любите ljubite люблꙗашете ljubljaašete любите ljubite 3rd любѧтъ ljubętŭ люблꙗахѫ ljubljaaxǫ — s-aorist6 singular 1st любихъ ljubixŭ 2nd люби ljubi 3rd люби ljubi dual 1st любиховѣ ljubixově 2nd любиста ljubista 3rd любисте, любиста ljubiste, ljubista plural 1st любихомъ ljubixomŭ 2nd любисте ljubiste 3rd любишѧ ljubišę compound forms perfect2 Use the l-participle of любити and the present tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → любилъ ѥстъ pluperfect2 Use the l-participle of любити and the imperfective aorist or imperfect3 tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → любилъ бѣ/бѣаше future Use the infinitive of любити and the present tense of the auxiliary verb имѣти, хотѣти, начѧти or въчѧти e.g. third-person singular → иматъ/хощетъ/начьнетъ/въчьнетъ любити future perfect2, 4 Use the l-participle of любити and the future tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → любилъ бѫдетъ conditional2 Use the l-participle of любити and the conditional mood5 or perfective aorist tense of the auxiliary verb бꙑти e.g. third-person masculine singular → любилъ би/бꙑ

¹ For declension of participles, see their entries.
² Except first/second-person neuter.
³ Third-person only.
⁴ Attested only in a few instances.
⁵ The dual forms are unattested.
⁶ Also called a sigmatic aorist.

This table shows the normalized inflected forms of любити. Some forms may be based on conjecture. See also Old Church Slavonic grammar § Verbs on WikipediaWikipedia .

Derived terms

verbs

• възлюбити pf (vŭzljubiti)
• облюбити pf (obljubiti)
• прилюбити pf (priljubiti)
• прѣлюбити pf (prěljubiti)
• оулюбити pf (uljubiti)

nouns

• възлюблѥниѥ n (vŭzljubljenije)
• любимикъ m (ljubimikŭ)
• люблѥникъ m (ljubljenikŭ)
• люблѥниѥ n (ljubljenije)
• любовь f (ljubovĭ)
• любодѣи m (ljuboděi)
• любодѣиць m (ljuboděicĭ)
• любодѣꙗниѥ n (ljubodějanije)
• любомѫдриѥ n (ljubomǫdrije)
• любьство n (ljubĭstvo)
• любьць m (ljubĭcĭ)

adjectives

• любивъ (ljubivŭ)
• любимъ (ljubimŭ)
• любъвьнъ (ljubŭvĭnŭ)

Related terms

• любо (ljubo)
• любꙑ f (ljuby)

Descendants

• → Romanian: iubi

References

• Бояджиев, Андрей (2016), Старобългарска читанка‎^[1], София
• Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ļūbìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281
• Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “любити”, in Старославянский словарь (по рукописям X—XI веков) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)] (overall work in Russian), Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 315

Further reading

• “любити”, in GORAZD [Old Church Slavonic Digital Hub], http://gorazd.org, 2016—2026
• “любити”, in Исторически речник на българския език [Historical Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky", 2011–2022
• “любити сѧ”, in Исторически речник на българския език [Historical Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky", 2011–2022

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Middle Ukrainian любити (ljubyty), from Old East Slavic любити (ljubiti), from Proto-Slavic *ľubiti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaubī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *lowbʰéyeti, from *lewbʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lʲʊˈbɪte]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

люби́ти • (ljubýty) impf

1. to like, to love (platonically or aesthetically)

Conjugation

Conjugation of люби́ти, люби́ть (class 4c, imperfective, transitive)

For declension of participles, see their entries. Adverbial participles are indeclinable.

imperfective aspect
infinitive	люби́ти, люби́ть ljubýty, ljubýtʹ
participles	present tense	past tense
active	люблячий ljubljačyj	—
passive	—	лю́блений ljúblenyj impersonal: лю́блено ljúbleno
adverbial	лю́блячи ljúbljačy	люби́вши ljubývšy
	present tense	future tense
1st singular я	люблю́ ljubljú	бу́ду люби́ти, бу́ду люби́ть, люби́тиму búdu ljubýty, búdu ljubýtʹ, ljubýtymu
2nd singular ти	лю́биш ljúbyš	бу́деш люби́ти, бу́деш люби́ть, люби́тимеш búdeš ljubýty, búdeš ljubýtʹ, ljubýtymeš
3rd singular він / вона / воно	лю́бить ljúbytʹ	бу́де люби́ти, бу́де люби́ть, люби́тиме búde ljubýty, búde ljubýtʹ, ljubýtyme
1st plural ми	лю́бим, лю́бимо ljúbym, ljúbymo	бу́демо люби́ти, бу́демо люби́ть, люби́тимемо, люби́тимем búdemo ljubýty, búdemo ljubýtʹ, ljubýtymemo, ljubýtymem
2nd plural ви	лю́бите ljúbyte	бу́дете люби́ти, бу́дете люби́ть, люби́тимете búdete ljubýty, búdete ljubýtʹ, ljubýtymete
3rd plural вони	лю́блять ljúbljatʹ	бу́дуть люби́ти, бу́дуть люби́ть, люби́тимуть búdutʹ ljubýty, búdutʹ ljubýtʹ, ljubýtymutʹ
imperative	singular	plural
first-person	—	любі́м, любі́мо ljubím, ljubímo
second-person	люби́ ljubý	любі́ть ljubítʹ
past tense	singular	plural ми / ви / вони
masculine я / ти / він	люби́в ljubýv	люби́ли ljubýly
feminine я / ти / вона	люби́ла ljubýla
neuter воно	люби́ло ljubýlo

Synonyms

• коха́ти (koxáty) (romantically or sexually)

Derived terms

adjectives

• владолю́бний (vladoljúbnyj)
• властолю́бний (vlastoljúbnyj)
• знаттєлю́бний (znattjeljúbnyj)
• користолю́бний (korystoljúbnyj)
• миролю́бний (myroljúbnyj)
• працелю́бний (praceljúbnyj)
• честолю́бний (čestoljúbnyj)

nouns

• владолю́б m (vladoljúb)
• книголю́б m (knyholjúb)
• сонцелю́б m (sonceljúb)

Related terms

• люб'я́зний (ljubʺjáznyj)
• любо́в f (ljubóv)

References

• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2017), “любити”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 8 (л – мішу́рний), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “любити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[2]

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “любити”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “любити”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “любити”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “любити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “любити”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[3]