пека

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic пещи (pešti), from Proto-Slavic *peťi. Cognate with Russian печь (pečʹ), Latin coquō (whence English cook), Ancient Greek πέσσω (péssō), and Sanskrit पचति (pacati).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pɛˈkɤ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -kɤ
• Syllabification^(key): пе‧ка

Verb

пека́ • (peká) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective опека́)

1. to bake, to roast, to barbecue, to toast, to burn, to fire

   Баба пече хляб в старата фурна всяка събота.

   Baba peče hljab v starata furna vsjaka săbota.

   Grandmother bakes bread in the old oven every Saturday.

   През лятото често печем месо на скара в двора.

   Prez ljatoto često pečem meso na skara v dvora.

   In the summer we often barbecue meat in the yard.

   Майсторът пече глинените съдове в специална пещ.

   Majstorăt peče glinenite sădove v specialna pešt.

   The craftsman fires the clay vessels in a special kiln.

2. (of the sun) to scorch, to be hot, to shine hot (on), to beat down (on); (of fire) to warm

   Слънцето силно печеше над полето и всички търсеха сянка.

   Slănceto silno pečeše nad poleto i vsički tărseha sjanka.

   The sun was beating down hard on the field, and everyone was looking for shade.

   Огънят приятно печеше гърбовете ни, докато седяхме край него.

   Ogănjat prijatno pečeše gărbovete ni, dokato sedjahme kraj nego.

   The fire pleasantly warmed our backs while we sat beside it.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of пека́ (conjugation 1.1, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	печа́щ, пече́щ1 pečášt, pečéšt1	пе́къл pékăl	печа́л, пече́л1 pečál, pečél1	пе́чен péčen		пече́йки pečéjki
	definite subject form	печа́щият, пече́щият1 pečáštijat, pečéštijat1	пе́клият péklijat	—	пе́ченият péčenijat
	definite object form	печа́щия, пече́щия1 pečáštija, pečéštija1	пе́клия péklija	—	пе́чения péčenija
feminine	indefinite	печа́ща, пече́ща1 pečášta, pečéšta1	пе́кла pékla	печа́ла, пече́ла1 pečála, pečéla1	пе́чена péčena
	definite	печа́щата, пече́щата1 pečáštata, pečéštata1	пе́клата péklata	—	пе́чената péčenata
neuter	indefinite	печа́що, пече́що1 pečášto, pečéšto1	пе́кло péklo	печа́ло, пече́ло1 pečálo, pečélo1	пе́чено péčeno	пе́чене péčene
	definite	печа́щото, пече́щото1 pečáštoto, pečéštoto1	пе́клото pékloto	—	пе́ченото péčenoto	пе́ченето péčeneto
plural	indefinite	печа́щи, пече́щи1 pečášti, pečéšti1	пе́кли pékli	печа́ли, пече́ли1 pečáli, pečéli1	пе́чени péčeni	пе́чения, пе́ченета péčenija, péčeneta
	definite	печа́щите, пече́щите1 pečáštite, pečéštite1	пе́клите péklite	—	пе́чените péčenite	пе́ченията, пе́ченетата péčenijata, péčenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		пека́ peká	пече́ш pečéš	пече́ pečé	пече́м pečém	пече́те pečéte	пека́т pekát
imperfect		печа́х, пече́х1 pečáh, pečéh1	пече́ше pečéše	пече́ше pečéše	печа́хме, пече́хме1 pečáhme, pečéhme1	печа́хте, пече́хте1 pečáhte, pečéhte1	печа́ха, пече́ха1 pečáha, pečéha1
aorist		пе́кох pékoh	пе́че péče	пе́че péče	пе́кохме pékohme	пе́кохте pékohte	пе́коха pékoha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and печа́л/пече́л1 m, печа́ла/пече́ла1 f, печа́ло/пече́ло1 n, or печа́ли/пече́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and печа́л/пече́л1 m, печа́ла/пече́ла1 f, печа́ло/пече́ло1 n, or печа́ли/пече́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and печа́л/пече́л1 m, печа́ла/пече́ла1 f, печа́ло/пече́ло1 n, or печа́ли/пече́ли1 pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and пе́къл m, пе́кла f, пе́кло n, or пе́кли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			печи́ pečí			пече́те pečéte

¹Largely fallen into disuse.

Derived terms

• допека (dopeka)
• запека (zapeka)
• изпека (izpeka)
• напека (napeka)
• опека (opeka)
• пекар (pekar)
• пекарница (pekarnica)
• печиво (pečivo)
• печка (pečka)
• понапека (ponapeka)
• поопека (poopeka)
• попека (popeka)
• препека (prepeka)
• припека (pripeka)
• спека (speka)

References

• “пека”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “пека”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пека”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 130

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpʲekə]

Noun

пе́ка • (péka) m inan

1. genitive singular of пек (pek)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Deverbal from пећи.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pêka/
• Hyphenation: пе‧ка

Noun

пе̏ка f (Latin spelling pȅka)

1. iron pan for baking bread

Declension

Declension of пека

	singular	plural
nominative	пе̏ка	пеке
genitive	пеке	пе̑ка̄
dative	пеки / пеци	пекама
accusative	пеку	пеке
vocative	пеко	пеке
locative	пеки / пеци	пекама
instrumental	пеком	пекама

References

• “пека”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026