ред

See also: Appendix:Variations of "red" and ред.

Bulgarian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Balto-Slavic *rindas

Proto-Slavic *rędъ

Bulgarian ред

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rędъ, with some derived terms borrowed from the corresponding Russian cognate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rɛt]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt

Noun

ред • (red) m

1. (countable) row, sequence (a set of elements arranged in order)
   1. array (linearly ordered series)

      ред дърве́та ― red dărvéta ― an array of trees

   2. (figurative) large quantity or series

      по ред причи́ни ― po red pričíni ― for a number of reasons

   3. series, round (a unit of sequencing)

      ред съби́тия ― red săbítija ― a sequence of events

      ред от ми́сли ― red ot mísli ― a chain of thoughts

      сле́дващ ред пре́говори ― slédvašt red prégovori ― a next round of discussions

   4. line, queue, file (a unit of linear organisation)

      запо́чвам нов ред

      zapóčvam nov red

      to start a new line

   5. row, rank (a horizontal division within an arrangement)

      мя́сто на пъ́рвия ред ― mjásto na pắrvija red ― a seat on the first row

   6. turn (opportunity)

      на свой ред ― na svoj red ― at s.o.'s turn

      Ча́кам си реда́.

      Čákam si redá.

      [I] wait my turn.

2. (uncountable) order, disposition (state of organisation)
   1. order (of magnitude)
   2. order, formation, arrangement

      а́збучен ред ― ázbučen red ― alphabetic order

      бо́ен ред ― bóen red ― battle formation

   3. format, routine (a standard way in which something is done)

      по зако́нов ред ― po zakónov red ― legally (literally, “in a legal format”)

      по администрати́вен ред ― po administratíven red ― administratively (literally, “in an administrative format”)

   4. order, systematicity, neatness (quality of being organised)

      ред и зако́нност ― red i zakónnost ― order and lawfulness

      без ред и организа́ция ― bez red i organizácija ― without order and organisation

      преве́ждам / поста́вям в ред

      prevéždam / postávjam v red

      to get / arrange [something] in order

      спа́звам установе́ния ред

      spázvam ustanovénija red

      to follow the established order

      призова́вам за / към ред

      prizovávam za / kăm red

      to demand order

      (literally, “to call for / towards order”)

   5. (figurative) regime, manner of political organisation

      нов / стар ред ― nov / star red ― a new / old regime

Declension

Declension of ред

	singular	plural
indefinite	ред red	редове́ redové
definite (subject form)	редъ́т redắt	редове́те redovéte
definite (object form)	реда́ redá
count form	—	ре́да réda

Derived terms

adjectives

• ре́ден (réden)
• ре́дов (rédov)
• редо́вен (redóven)

adverbs

• вред (vred)
• наре́д (naréd)
• поре́д (poréd)
• споре́д (sporéd)
• сре́дом (srédom)

nouns

• заря́д (zarjád)
• наря́д (narjád)
• о́бред (óbred)
• отря́д (otrjád)
• поря́дък (porjádăk)
• снаря́д (snarjád)
• у́ред (úred)

verbs

• (factitive) реду́вам (redúvam)
• (causative-iterative) редя́ (redjá)

Related terms

nouns

• реда́ (redá) (dialectal)
• (abstract noun) редина́ (rediná)
• (resultative) реди́ца (redíca)

References

• “ред”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024
• “ред”, in Infolex Bulgarian Dictionary (in Bulgarian), Institute for Bulgarian Language, 2014
• “ред”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “ред”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “ред”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Further reading

• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “ред”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 200
• Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “рѧдъ; мн. рѧ́дове́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 105
• “рѧдъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2026

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rędъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rɛt]
• Rhymes: -ɛt

Noun

ред • (red) m (relational adjective реден or редовен)

1. line, string, row
2. (mathematics) series
3. line, queue
4. order (of magnitude)
5. order (arrangement, disposition)
6. turn (opportunity)

Declension

Declension of ред

	singular	plural
indefinite	ред (red)	редови (redovi)
definite unspecified	редот (redot)	редовите (redovite)
definite proximal	редов (redov)	редовиве (redovive)
definite distal	редон (redon)	редовине (redovine)
vocative	реду (redu)	редови (redovi)
count form	—	реда (reda)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rędъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rêːd/

Noun

ре̑д m inan (Latin spelling rȇd)

1. row
2. (mathematics) series

   конвергентан ред ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   дивергентан ред ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. queue
4. order (of magnitude)
5. order (arrangement, disposition)
6. line (of customers)
7. (chess) rank

Declension

Declension of ред

	singular	plural
nominative	ре̑д	ре̏дови
genitive	ре̑да	ре̏до̄ва̄
dative	ре̑ду	ре̏довима
accusative	ре̑д	ре̏дове
vocative	ре̑де	ре̏дови
locative	ре̑ду	ре̏довима
instrumental	ре̑дом	ре̏довима

References

• “ред”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026