стакан

See also: стақан

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• stakan — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian стака́н (stakán), from Middle Russian стака́нъ (stakán), from достака́нъ (dostakán), from Old East Slavic достоканъ (dostokanŭ), borrowed from Turkic dialectal dostaqan (compare Chagatai [script needed] (tostakan, “wooden bowl”), Kazakh тостаған (tostağan, “wooden cup”), Tatar тустыган (tustığan, “cup”), Bashkir туҫтаҡ (tuśtaq, “cup for drinking koumiss”)), borrowed from Persian دوستگان (dustgân), دوستکان (dustkân, “beloved; wine that is drunk with one's beloved; big drinking cup”), from دوستکام (dustkâm, “beloved”), from دوست (dôst) + کام (kâm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [staˈkan]

Noun

стака́н • (stakán) m inan (genitive стака́на, nominative plural стака́ны, genitive plural стака́наў)

1. glass (drinking vessel)

   Synonym: шкля́нка (škljánka)

Inflection

Declension of стака́н (inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	стака́н stakán	стака́ны stakány
genitive	стака́на stakána	стака́наў stakánaw
dative	стака́ну stakánu	стака́нам stakánam
accusative	стака́н stakán	стака́ны stakány
instrumental	стака́нам stakánam	стака́намі stakánami
locative	стака́не stakánje	стака́нах stakánax
count form	—	стака́ны1 stakány1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “стакан” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Russian

Стакан

Alternative forms

• стака́нъ (stakán) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology

Etymology tree

▲

Chagatai توستوغان (twstwġān)influ.?

Tatar тустыган (tustığan)influ.

▲

Kazakh тостаған (tostağan)influ.

▲

Bashkir туҫтаҡ (tuśtaq)influ.

Old East Slavic достоканъ (dostokanŭ)

Russian стакан

Inherited from Middle Russian стака́нъ (stakán), from достака́нъ (dostakán), from Old East Slavic достоканъ (dostokanŭ), borrowed from Turkic dialectal dostaqan (compare Chagatai [script needed] (tostakan, “wooden bowl”), Kazakh тостаған (tostağan, “wooden cup”), Tatar тустыган (tustığan, “cup”), Bashkir туҫтаҡ (tuśtaq, “cup for drinking koumiss”)), borrowed from Persian دوستگان (dustgân), دوستکان (dustkân, “beloved; wine that is drunk with one's beloved; big drinking cup”), from دوستکام (dustkâm, “beloved”), from دوست (dôst) + کام (kâm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [stɐˈkan]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

стака́н • (stakán) m inan (genitive стака́на, nominative plural стака́ны, genitive plural стака́нов, relational adjective стака́нный, diminutive стака́нчик)

1. glass, cup, beaker, tumbler (a cylindrical drinking vessel without a stem or handle)

   стака́н воды́ ― stakán vodý ― glass of water

   стака́н ча́ю ― stakán čáju ― cup of tea

   • 1973, Венедикт Ерофеев [Venedikt Yerofeyev], “Москва – Серп и Молот”, in Москва — Петушки; English translation from H. William Tjalsma, transl., Moscow to the End of the Line, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1980:

     Так. Мой дух томи́лся в заточе́нии четы́ре с полови́ной часа́, тепе́рь я вы́пущу его́ погуля́ть. Есть стака́н и есть бутербро́д, что́бы не стошни́ло.

     Tak. Moj dux tomílsja v zatočénii četýre s polovínoj časá, tepérʹ ja výpušču jevó poguljátʹ. Jestʹ stakán i jestʹ buterbród, štóby ne stošnílo.

     Well, my spirit has grieved in confinement for four and a half hours—now I’II let it out to roam. I have a glass and a sandwich, so as not to throw up.

2. (chemistry) beaker
3. (engineering) cylindrical case, (hollow) cylinder
4. cup (a customary unit of measure used in cooking, equal to 200 ml)

Usage notes

The term also has pejorative plural declension, where the stress shifts to the ending: стаканы́ (stakaný), стакано́в (stakanóv), etc.

Declension

Declension of стака́н (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	стака́н stakán	стака́ны stakány
genitive	стака́на stakána	стака́нов stakánov
dative	стака́ну stakánu	стака́нам stakánam
accusative	стака́н stakán	стака́ны stakány
instrumental	стака́ном stakánom	стака́нами stakánami
prepositional	стака́не stakáne	стака́нах stakánax

Derived terms

• подстака́нник m (podstakánnik)
• устака́нить pf (ustakánitʹ), устака́нивать impf (ustakánivatʹ)
• устака́ниться pf (ustakánitʹsja), устака́ниваться impf (ustakánivatʹsja)

Compounds:

• бу́ря в стака́не f (búrja v stakáne)
• бу́ря в стака́не воды́ f (búrja v stakáne vodý)
• From стака́нчик (stakánčik):
  • ва́фельный стака́нчик m (váfelʹnyj stakánčik)

Descendants

• → Armenian: ըստաքան (əstakʻan), ստաքան (stakʻan)
• → Azerbaijani: stəkan
• → Belarusian: стака́н (stakán)
• → Georgian: სტაქანი (sṭakani)
• → Ingrian: stokana
• → Karelian: stokana
• → Kazakh: стақан (staqan)
• → Korean: 따깐 (ttakkan)
• → Kyrgyz: стакан (stakan)
• → Laz: სტაქანი (sťakani)
• → Mingrelian: სტაქანი (sṭakani)
• → Persian: استکان (estekân), استکام (estekâm) (dialectal, Kerman, Kazerun, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan)
  • → Gulf Arabic: استكان (istikān)
• → Skolt Sami: ståkkan
• → Tajik: стакан (stakan)
• → Turkmen: stakan
• → Ukrainian: стака́н (stakán)
• → Uyghur: ئىستاكان (istakan)
• → Uzbek: stakan
• → Votic: stokanõ

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “стакан”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “стакан”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 197

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “стакан”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Tajik

Etymology

Etymology tree

▲

Chagatai توستوغان (twstwġān)influ.?

Tatar тустыган (tustığan)influ.

▲

Kazakh тостаған (tostağan)influ.

▲

Bashkir туҫтаҡ (tuśtaq)influ.

Old East Slavic достоканъ (dostokanŭ)

Russian стака́н (stakán)bor.

Tajik стакан

Borrowed from Russian стака́н (stakán).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stakan/, [st̪ʰä.kʰän]

Noun

стакан • (stakan)

1. cup, glass; teacup

Inflection

Inflection of стакан

		singular	plural
sound	broken1	or broken1
bare		стакан (stakan)	стаканҳо (stakanho)	[Term?]	[Term?]
definite object		стаканро (stakanro)	стаканҳоро (stakanhoro)	ро (ro)	ро (ro)
izofa		стакани (stakan-i)	стаканҳои (stakanho-yi)	и (i)	и (i)
indefinite, definite relative	bare	стакане (stakane)	—	—	—
	object	стаканеро (stakanero)	—	—	—

Possessive forms of стакан

		singular	plural
sound	broken1	broken1
bare	1st singular	стаканам (stakanam)	стаканҳоям (stakanhoyam)	ам (am)	ам (am)
	2nd singular	стаканат (stakanat)	стаканҳоят (stakanhoyat)	ат (at)	ат (at)
	3rd singular	стаканаш (stakanaš)	стаканҳояш (stakanhoyaš)	аш (aš)	аш (aš)
	1st plural	стаканамон (stakanamon)	стаканҳоямон (stakanhoyamon)	амон (amon)	амон (amon)
	2nd plural	стаканатон (stakanaton)	стаканҳоятон (stakanhoyaton)	атон (aton)	атон (aton)
	3rd plural	стаканашон (stakanašon)	стаканҳояшон (stakanhoyašon)	ашон (ašon)	ашон (ašon)
		singular	plural
sound	broken1	broken1
definite object	1st singular	стаканамро (stakanamro)	стаканҳоямро (stakanhoyamro)	амро (amro)	амро (amro)
	2nd singular	стаканатро (stakanatro)	стаканҳоятро (stakanhoyatro)	атро (atro)	атро (atro)
	3rd singular	стаканашро (stakanašro)	стаканҳояшро (stakanhoyašro)	ашро (ašro)	ашро (ašro)
	1st plural	стаканамонро (stakanamonro)	стаканҳоямонро (stakanhoyamonro)	амонро (amonro)	амонро (amonro)
	2nd plural	стаканатонро (stakanatonro)	стаканҳоятонро (stakanhoyatonro)	атонро (atonro)	атонро (atonro)
	3rd plural	стаканашонро (stakanašonro)	стаканҳояшонро (stakanhoyašonro)	ашонро (ašonro)	ашонро (ašonro)

Further reading

• “стакан”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2025

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian стака́н (stakán), from Middle Russian стака́нъ (stakán), from достака́нъ (dostakán), from Old East Slavic достоканъ (dostokanŭ), borrowed from Turkic dialectal dostaqan (compare Chagatai [script needed] (tostakan, “wooden bowl”), Kazakh тостаған (tostağan, “wooden cup”), Tatar тустыган (tustığan, “cup”), Bashkir туҫтаҡ (tuśtaq, “cup for drinking koumiss”)), borrowed from Persian دوستگان (dustgân), دوستکان (dustkân, “beloved; wine that is drunk with one's beloved; big drinking cup”), from دوستکام (dustkâm, “beloved”), from دوست (dôst) + کام (kâm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [stɐˈkan]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

стака́н • (stakán) m inan (genitive стака́на, nominative plural стака́ни, genitive plural стака́нів, diminutive стака́нчик)

1. glass (drinking vessel)

   Synonym: скля́нка (skljánka)

Declension

Declension of стака́н
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	стака́н stakán	стака́ни stakány
genitive	стака́на stakána	стака́нів stakániv
dative	стака́нові, стака́ну stakánovi, stakánu	стака́нам stakánam
accusative	стака́н stakán	стака́ни stakány
instrumental	стака́ном stakánom	стака́нами stakánamy
locative	стака́ні stakáni	стака́нах stakánax
vocative	стака́не stakáne	стака́ни stakány

References

• Zhelekhivskyi, E. I., Nedilskyi, S., editors (1886), “стака́н”, in Малоруско-нїмецкий словар [Ukrainian-German Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volumes 2: П – Я, Lviv: Shevchenko Society, page 914
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “стака́н”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “стакан”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “стакан”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “стакан”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[2]
• “стакан”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “стакан”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[3]

Yazghulami

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian стака́н (stakán).

Noun

стакан (stakan)

1. glass

References

• Edelʹman, D. E. (1971), “стакан”, in Jazguljamsko-russkij slovarʹ [Yazgulyam–Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Nauka