товар

See also: тӧвар

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [toˈvar]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar

Noun

това́р • (továr) m

1. commodity, product, article, goods
2. solution (a product, service or anything else for selling)

Declension

Declension of това́р

	singular	plural
indefinite	това́р továr	това́ри továri
definite (subject form)	това́рят továrjat	това́рите továrite
definite (object form)	това́ря továrja
count form	—	това́ря továrja

Further reading

• товар on the Bulgarian Wiktionary.Wiktionary ^bg

Anagrams

• автор (avtor)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔvar]

Noun

товар • (tovar) m (relational adjective товарен)

1. load, cargo
2. (figurative) obligation

Declension

Declension of товар

	singular	plural
indefinite	товар (tovar)	товари (tovari)
definite unspecified	товарот (tovarot)	товарите (tovarite)
definite proximal	товаров (tovarov)	товариве (tovarive)
definite distal	товарон (tovaron)	товарине (tovarine)
vocative	товару (tovaru)	товари (tovari)
count form	—	товара (tovara)

Russian

Alternative forms

• това́ръ (továr) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɐˈvar]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

това́р • (továr) m inan (genitive това́ра, nominative plural това́ры, genitive plural това́ров, relational adjective това́рный)

1. commodity, product, article
2. (in the plural) goods, wares

Declension

Declension of това́р (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	това́р továr	това́ры továry
genitive	това́ра továra	това́ров továrov
dative	това́ру továru	това́рам továram
accusative	това́р továr	това́ры továry
instrumental	това́ром továrom	това́рами továrami
prepositional	това́ре továre	това́рах továrax

Derived terms

• verbs

  • затова́рить pf (zatováritʹ), затова́ривать impf (zatovárivatʹ)
  • затова́риться pf (zatováritʹsja), затова́риваться impf (zatovárivatʹsja)
  • отова́рить pf (otováritʹ), отова́ривать impf (otovárivatʹ)
  • отова́риться pf (otováritʹsja), отова́риваться impf (otovárivatʹsja)
  • растова́риться pf (rastováritʹsja), растова́риваться impf (rastovárivatʹsja)
  • затова́ривание n (zatovárivanije)
  • отова́ривание n (otovárivanije)
• нетова́рный (netovárnyj)
• това́рно-де́нежный (továrno-dénežnyj)
• това́рно-сырьево́й (továrno-syrʹjevój)
• това́рность f (továrnostʹ)
• товарня́к m (tovarnják)
• товаро- (tovaro-)
  • товарове́д m anim (tovarovéd), товарове́дение n (tovarovédenije), товарове́дческий (tovarovédčeskij)
  • товаровладе́лец m anim (tovarovladélec)
  • товарообме́н m (tovaroobmén)
  • товарооборо́т m (tovarooborót)
  • товароотправи́тель m anim (tovarootpravítelʹ)
  • товарополуча́тель m anim (tovaropolučátelʹ)
  • товаропроизводи́тель m anim (tovaroproizvodítelʹ)
• това́ры m pl (továry)
  • канцтова́ры m pl (kanctováry)
  • продтова́ры m pl (prodtováry)
  • промтова́ры m pl (promtováry)
  • радиотова́ры m pl (radiotováry)
  • спорттова́ры m pl (sporttováry)
  • хозтова́ры m pl (xoztováry)
  • электротова́ры m pl (elektrotováry)

Related terms

• това́рищ m anim (továrišč)

Descendants

• Russenorsk: tovara
• → Finnish: tavara
• → Gagauz: tovar
• → Ingrian: tavara
• → Komi-Zyrian: тӧвар (tövar)
• → Mongolian:

  Mongolian script: ᠲᠠᠸᠠᠷ (tawar)

  Cyrillic script: таваар (tavaar)

• → Veps: tavar
• → Yakut: табаар (tabaar)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “товар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “товар”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 247

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “товар”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
• Kuznetsov, Sergey Alexandrovich (1998), “товар”, in Большой толковый словарь русского языка [Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Norint, →ISBN

Anagrams

• отва́р (otvár), а́втор (ávtor), рво́та (rvóta), вто́ра (vtóra)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tǒʋar/

Noun

то̀вар m anim (Latin spelling tòvar)

1. cargo, burden, load
2. (Chakavian) donkey
3. (ethnic slur) a person from Dalmatia

Declension

Declension of товар

	singular	plural
nominative	товар	товари
genitive	товара	товара
dative	товару	товарима
accusative	товара	товаре
vocative	товаре	товари
locative	товару	товарима
instrumental	товаром	товарима

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:tovar.

Further reading

• “товар”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tovarъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɔˈʋar]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

това́р • (továr) m inan (genitive това́ру, nominative plural това́ри, genitive plural това́рів)

1. commodity, article, product

Declension

Declension of това́р
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	това́р továr	това́ри továry
genitive	това́ру továru	това́рів továriv
dative	това́рові, това́ру továrovi, továru	това́рам továram
accusative	това́р továr	това́ри továry
instrumental	това́ром továrom	това́рами továramy
locative	това́рі továri	това́рах továrax
vocative	това́ре továre	това́ри továry

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “товар”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka