черен

See also: чёрен

Bulgarian

Alternative forms

• (obsolete, dialectal): църн

Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic чрънъ (črŭnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *čьrnъ, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥snós (“black”). Cognates include Serbo-Croatian црн, crn, Slovene črn, Slovak čierny; Norwegian and Swedish harr (“grayling”), Sanskrit कृष्ण (kṛṣṇá), Old Prussian kirsnan (“black”).

Adjective

черен • (čéren) m

1. black, swart
2. gloomy

Inflection

Positive forms of черен (čeren)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	черен	черна	черно	черни
definite (subject form)	черният	черната	черното	черните
definite (object form)	черния
extended (vocative form)	черни, черний

Comparative forms of черен (čeren)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	по-черен	по-черна	по-черно	по-черни
definite (subject form)	по-черният	по-черната	по-черното	по-черните
definite (object form)	по-черния
extended (vocative form)	по-черни, по-черний

Superlative forms of черен (čeren)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	най-черен	най-черна	най-черно	най-черни
definite (subject form)	най-черният	най-черната	най-черното	най-черните
definite (object form)	най-черния
extended (vocative form)	най-черни, най-черний

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Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic черенъ (čerenŭ), from Proto-Slavic *černъ. Per Vasmer, probably related to Russian ко́рень (kórenʹ, “root”) as well as Lithuanian kẽras (“bush, root, stump”), Old Prussian kirno (“bush”), Ancient Greek κράνος (krános, “cornelian cherry”), Latin cornus (“cornelian cherry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪn]

Noun

че́рен • (čéren) m inan (genitive че́рена, nominative plural че́рены or чере́нья, genitive plural че́ренов or чере́ньев)

1. (dialectal) small handle

Declension

Declension of че́рен (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	че́рен čéren	че́рены, чере́нья△ čéreny, čerénʹja△
genitive	че́рена čérena	че́ренов, чере́ньев△ čérenov, čerénʹjev△
dative	че́рену čérenu	че́ренам, чере́ньям△ čérenam, čerénʹjam△
accusative	че́рен čéren	че́рены, чере́нья△ čéreny, čerénʹja△
instrumental	че́реном čérenom	че́ренами, чере́ньями△ čérenami, čerénʹjami△
prepositional	че́рене čérene	че́ренах, чере́ньях△ čérenax, čerénʹjax△

^△ Irregular.

Derived terms

• черено́к (čerenók), черешо́к (čerešók)

References

• Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “черен”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress