язва

See also: язвя and ꙗзва

Belarusian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic ꙗзва (jazva), from Proto-Slavic *jàzva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjazva]
• Rhymes: -azva
• Hyphenation: яз‧ва

Noun

я́зва • (jázva) f inan (genitive я́звы, nominative plural я́звы, genitive plural я́зваў, relational adjective я́звавы, diminutive я́звачка)

1. (medicine) sore, ulcer (purulent or inflamed wound on the skin or mucous membrane)
2. (epidemiology, obsolete) epidemic, plague
3. (figuratively) sore (affliction, difficulty, trouble)

Declension

Declension of я́зва (inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	я́зва jázva	я́звы jázvy
genitive	я́звы jázvy	я́зваў jázvaw
dative	я́зве jázvje	я́звам jázvam
accusative	я́зву jázvu	я́звы jázvy
instrumental	я́звай, я́зваю jázvaj, jázvaju	я́звамі jázvami
locative	я́зве jázvje	я́звах jázvax
count form	—	я́звы1 jázvy1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

Noun

я́зва • (jázva) f pers (genitive я́звы, nominative plural я́звы, genitive plural я́зваў)

1. (colloquial, figuratively) viper (malicious person)
   • 2011, Виктор Пелевин [Victor Pelevin], “Ч. 1. Damsel in distress, 5”, in S.N.U.F.F.; English translation from Andrew Bromfield, transl., S.N.U.F.F., 2014:

     Всё-таки она́ у меня́ така́я я́зва, что когда́ её ехи́дное внима́ние переключа́ется на друго́го, чу́вствуешь большо́е облегче́ние.

     Vsjo-taki oná u menjá takája jázva, što kogdá jejó jexídnoje vnimánije pereključájetsja na drugóvo, čúvstvuješʹ bolʹšóje oblexčénije.

     She really is such a sharp-tongued bitch that it’s a great relief when her snide remarks are redirected at someone else.

Declension

Declension of я́зва (pr hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	я́зва jázva	я́звы jázvy
genitive	я́звы jázvy	я́зваў jázvaw
dative	я́зве jázvje	я́звам jázvam
accusative	я́зву jázvu	я́зваў jázvaw
instrumental	я́звай, я́зваю jázvaj, jázvaju	я́звамі jázvami
locative	я́зве jázvje	я́звах jázvax
count form	—	я́звы1 jázvy1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “язва”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
• “язва” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *jazva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈja̟zvɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -azvɐ
• Syllabification^(key): яз‧ва

Noun

я́зва • (jázva) f (relational adjective я́звен)

1. (colloquial) sore, any inner injury
2. (medicine) ulcer
3. (figurative) evil, wrong

   Synonyms: злина (zlina), нещастие (neštastie)

Declension

Declension of я́зва

	singular	plural
indefinite	я́зва jázva	я́зви jázvi
definite	я́звата jázvata	я́звите jázvite

Related terms

• язвя (jazvja, “to sting; to offend, insult”)
• язвителен (jazvitelen, “ulcerative”)
• язвен (jazven, “ulcerous”)

References

• “язва”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Russian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic ꙗзва (jazva), from Proto-Slavic *jazva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *áiˀźwāˀ. Cognate to Old Prussian eyswo (“wound”), Lithuanian áiža, Latvian aĩza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjazvə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

я́зва • (jázva) f inan (genitive я́звы, nominative plural я́звы, genitive plural язв, relational adjective я́звенный, diminutive я́звочка)

1. ulcer, sore

   я́зва желу́дка ― jázva želúdka ― stomach/gastric ulcer

   я́зва двенадцатиперстной кишки́ ― jázva dvenadcatiperstnoj kiškí ― duodenal ulcer

2. sore, evil

   моровая я́зва ― morovaja jázva ― plague

   сиби́рская я́зва ― sibírskaja jázva ― anthrax

3. (colloquial) pest, viper (malicious person)

Declension

Declension of я́зва (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	я́зва jázva	я́звы jázvy
genitive	я́звы jázvy	я́зв jázv
dative	я́зве jázve	я́звам jázvam
accusative	я́зву jázvu	я́звы jázvy
instrumental	я́звой, я́звою jázvoj, jázvoju	я́звами jázvami
prepositional	я́зве jázve	я́звах jázvax

Pre-reform declension of я́зва (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	я́зва jázva	я́звы jázvy
genitive	я́звы jázvy	я́звъ jázv
dative	я́звѣ jázvě	я́звамъ jázvam
accusative	я́зву jázvu	я́звы jázvy
instrumental	я́звой, я́звою jázvoj, jázvoju	я́звами jázvami
prepositional	я́звѣ jázvě	я́звахъ jázvax

Derived terms

• я́звенник m anim (jázvennik)

Related terms

• язви́ть impf (jazvítʹ)
  • съязви́ть pf (sʺjazvítʹ)
  • уязви́ть pf (ujazvítʹ), уязвля́ть impf (ujazvljátʹ)
    • уязви́мый (ujazvímyj), уязви́мость f (ujazvímostʹ)
      • неуязви́мый (neujazvímyj), неуязви́мость f (neujazvímostʹ)
    • уязвлённый (ujazvljónnyj)
  • язви́тельный (jazvítelʹnyj)

Descendants

• → Armenian: յազվա (yazva)

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “язвить”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
• Kuznetsov, Sergey Alexandrovich (1998), “язва”, in Большой толковый словарь русского языка [Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Norint, →ISBN