այլ

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Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian այլ (ayl). The inherited form is էլ (ēl).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

այլ • (ayl)

  1. other
    Synonym: ուրիշ (uriš)

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

այլ • (ayl)

  1. but, instead
    Ուզում եմ ոչ թե ա՛յս մեկը, այլ ա՛յն մեկը։ ― Uzum em očʿ tʿe áys mekə, ayl áyn mekə. ― I want not this one, but that one.
    ոչ թե «էք», այլ «էգ» ― očʿ tʿe “ēkʿ”, ayl “ēg” ― not “էք”, “էգ”
    Հասա ու ի՞նչ տեսա. ոչ մեկդ հանգիստ նստած չէիք, այլ այստեղ-այնտեղ վազվզում էիք։ ― Hasa u i?nčʿ tesa. očʿ mekd hangist nstac čʿēikʿ, ayl aysteġ-aynteġ vazvzum ēikʿ. ― I arrived and what did I see? None of you were sitting calmly; instead, you were running around everywhere.

Usage notes[edit]

Along with բայց (baycʿ), այլ (ayl) is a logical conjunctive connective with an oppositional implication. Unlike բայց (baycʿ), though, այլ (ayl) selects for a negative predicate in the other clause, and in fact, use of բայց (baycʿ) here is unidiomatic. In particular, the construction ո՛չ թե…, այլ (óčʿ tʿe…, ayl) is very common, expressing the “not... but” construction of English.

Old Armenian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.[1][2][3][4]

Pronoun[edit]

այլ • (ayl)

  1. another, other
    այլով ճանապարհաւ ― aylov čanaparhaw ― by another way
    այլով օրինակաւ ― aylov ōrinakaw ― in another manner
    այլ ոք ― ayl okʿ ― another
    եւ ոչ այլ ոք ― ew očʿ ayl okʿ ― not even another
    յայլմէ կողմանէ ― yaylmē kołmanē ― another side, the other side
    այլ է ասել եւ այլ գործել ― ayl ē asel ew ayl gorcel ― it is one thing to say, another to do
    եւ այլն, այլովքն հանդերձ ― ew ayln, aylovkʿn handerj ― etc, and so on
    այլ ընդ այլոյ ― ayl ənd ayloy ― one for another, pellmell; differently, on the contrary
    այլ ընդ այլոյ ասել ― ayl ənd ayloy asel ― to say equivocally, ambiguously
    այլ յայլմէ լինել ― ayl yaylmē linel ― to lose one's presence of mind, to be overcome by joy or fear
    ոչ այլ իւիք ― očʿ ayl iwikʿ ― in no other way
    այլ իմն, այլոյ իրիք, այլով իւիք ― ayl imn, ayloy irikʿ, aylov iwikʿ ― some other, other, another (thing)
    այլ ոմն, այլոյ ուրումն, այլով ոմամբ ― ayl omn, ayloy urumn, aylov omamb ― another, other (person)
    • 6th century, Philo of Alexandria, I linelutʿeann xndrocʿ ew lucmancʿ [Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesim] 2.62:[5][6]
      Ընդէ՞ր իբրու յաղագս այլոյ ա՟յ ասէ, թէ ի կերպարան ա՟յ արար զմարդն, եւ ոչ յիւրն։
      Əndē?r ibru yałags ayloy a.y asē, tʿē i kerparan a.y arar zmardn, ew očʿ yiwrn.
      • Translation by Ralph Marcus
        Why does (Scripture) say, as if (speaking) of another God, "in the image of God He made man" and not "in His own image"?
  2. alien, foreign

Declension[edit]

o-type
singular plural
nominative այլ (ayl) այլք (aylkʿ)
genitive այլոյ (ayloy) այլոց (aylocʿ)
dative այլում (aylum) այլոց (aylocʿ)
accusative այլ (ayl) այլս (ayls)
ablative այլմէ (aylmē) այլոց (aylocʿ)
instrumental այլով (aylov) այլովք (aylovkʿ)
locative այլում (aylum) այլս (ayls)
note the unusual dative/locative

Adverb[edit]

այլ • (ayl)

  1. also
    այլ եւ/եւս ― ayl ew/ews ― besides, over and above, moreover, also, more, in addition

Conjunction[edit]

այլ • (ayl)

  1. but, however; then
    այլ թէ ― ayl tʿē ― but, but if, but that
    այլ սակայն ― ayl sakayn ― but, yet, nevertheless, however, notwithstanding
    այլ զի ― ayl zi ― because; where as; even as : more than, rather: since, that, seeing that

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: այլ (ayl), այլք (aylkʿ), այլոց (aylocʿ), ալ (al), էլ (ēl), էլի (ēli)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1940) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 36–37
  2. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979) “այլ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  3. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 111
  4. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “ayl”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 57
  5. ^ Awgereancʿ, Mkrtičʿ (1826) Pʿiloni Ebrayecʿwoy mnacʿordkʿ i hays, or en Meknutʿiwn Cnndocʿ ew Elicʿ, Čaṙkʿ i Sampʿson, i Yovnan, ew yeris mankuns kam i hreštaks [Philonis Judaei paralipomena armena. Libri videlicet quatuor in Genesin, libri duo in Exodum, sermo unus de Sampsone, alter de Iona, tertius de tribus angelis Abraamo apparentibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 146
  6. ^ Marcus, Ralph (1953) Philo: Supplement I: Questions and Answers on Genesis (The Loeb Classical Library), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, page 150

Further reading[edit]

  • Awetikʿean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “այլ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879) “այլ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Abrahamyan, Ašot (1976) Grabari jeṙnark [A Handbook of Old Armenian]‎[2] (in Armenian), 4th edition, Yerevan: Luys
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