בתר

Aramaic

Etymology

From בְּ־ (bə, “in”) + אֲתַר (ʾăṯar, “place”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑθar/

Conjunction

בָּתַר • (bāṯar)

1. after
2. post-

Antonyms

• קדם

Descendants

• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ (bāṯar)
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܵܬ݇ܪ (bār)
• Lishán Didán: בָּר (bar)
• → Hebrew: בָּתַר

References

• “btr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
ב־ת־ר (b-t-r)
1 term

From בָּתַר (“to cut in two, to bisect, to divide in two”).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /ˈbeteʁ/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /ˈbɛːθɛʀ/
• (Ashkenazi) IPA^(key): /ˈbɛsɛr/
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /ˈbæːθær/

Noun

בֶּתֶר • (béter) m (plural indefinite בְּתָרִים, Biblical Hebrew pausal form בָּתֶר) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. a piece of something (typically meat) cut or divided in two

Declension

Declension of בֶּתֶר

	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
				m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	בֶּתֶר	first	בִּתְרִי		בִּתְרֵנוּ
	definite	הַבֶּתֶר	second	בִּתְרְךָ	בִּתְרֵךְ	בִּתְרְכֶם	בִּתְרְכֶן
	construct	בֶּתֶר־	third	בִּתְרוֹ	בִּתְרָהּ	בִּתְרָם	בִּתְרָן
plural	indefinite	בְּתָרִים	first	בתריי / בְּתָרַי		בְּתָרֵינוּ
	definite	הַבְּתָרִים	second	בְּתָרֶיךָ	בתרייך / בְּתָרַיִךְ	בִּתְרֵיכֶם	בִּתְרֵיכֶן
	construct	בִּתְרֵי־	third	בְּתָרָיו	בְּתָרֶיהָ	בִּתְרֵיהֶם	בִּתְרֵיהֶן

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic בָּתַר (bāṯar).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /batar/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /bɔːθaʀ/
• (Ashkenazi) IPA^(key): /bɔsar/
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /bɔːθær/

Preposition

בָּתַר • (batar)

1. (Post-Biblical, Rabbinic Hebrew, obsolete) after

   Synonyms: אַחֲרֵי, לְאַחַר

Etymology 3

Root
ב־ת־ר (b-t-r)
1 term

Compare Arabic بَتَرَ (batara, “to cut off, to amputate”).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /baˈtaʁ/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /bɔːˈθaʀ/
• (reconstructed Biblical) IPA^(key): /baːˈtar/
• (Ashkenazi) IPA^(key): /bɔˈsar/
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /bɔːˈθær/
• (Persian) IPA^(key): /bɒˈtær/

Verb

בָּתַר • (batár) (pa'al construction, future יִבְתֹּר)

1. (hapax legomenon, rare) to cut in two, to divide into two, to bisect
   • Tanach, Genesis 15:10, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וַיִּקַּח־לוֹ אֶת־כׇּל־אֵלֶּה וַיְבַתֵּר אֹתָם בַּתָּוֶךְ וַיִּתֵּן אִישׁ־בִּתְרוֹ לִקְרַאת רֵעֵהוּ וְאֶת־הַצִּפֹּר לֹא בָתָר׃

     And he took him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each half over against the other; but the birds divided he not.

Conjugation

Conjugation of בָּתַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)

non-finite forms		to-infinitive		לבתור / לִבְתֹּר
		action noun		בְּתִירָה
		passive participle		בָּתוּר
finite forms		singular		plural
		m	f	m	f
past	first	בָּתַרְתִּי		בָּתַרְנוּ
	second	בָּתַרְתָּ	בָּתַרְתְּ	בְּתַרְתֶּם1	בְּתַרְתֶּן1
	third	בָּתַר	בָּתְרָה	בָּתְרוּ
present		בּוֹתֵר	בּוֹתֶרֶת	בּוֹתְרִים	בּוֹתְרוֹת
future	first	אבתור / אֶבְתֹּר		נבתור / נִבְתֹּר
	second	תבתור / תִּבְתֹּר	תִּבְתְּרִי	תִּבְתְּרוּ	תבתורנה / תִּבְתֹּרְנָה2
	third	יבתור / יִבְתֹּר	תבתור / תִּבְתֹּר	יִבְתְּרוּ	תבתורנה / תִּבְתֹּרְנָה2
imperative	positive	בתור / בְּתֹר	בִּתְרִי	בִּתְרוּ	בתורנה / בְּתֹרְנָה2
	negative	אַל + Second person future tense

¹ Commonly pronounced בָּתַרְתֶּם and בָּתַרְתֶּן in Modern Hebrew (by analogy with other past forms).
² Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Verb

בִּתֵּר • (bitér) (pi'el construction)

1. defective spelling of ביתר

References

• Strong, James (1979), “H1334”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Strong, James (1979), “H1335”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Klein, Ernest (1987), “בתר”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 87