آب

See also: اب, أب, ات, آپ, and آت

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ), ultimately from Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum). Cognate with Hebrew אָב (av, “Av, the fifth month of the Hebrew lunisolar calendar”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -aːb

Proper noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

1. (Levantine, Iraq) August (eighth month of the Gregorian and Julian calendars)

   Synonyms: أَغُسْطُس (ʔaḡusṭus), (Morocco) غُشْت (ḡušt), (Algeria, Tunisia) أُوت (ʔūt)

Declension

Declension of noun آب (ʔāb)

singular	basic singular diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	آب ʔāb	—
nominative	—	آبُ ʔābu	—
accusative	—	آبَ ʔāba	—
genitive	—	آبَ ʔāba	—

Descendants

• → Central Kurdish: ئاب (ab)
• → Persian: آب (âb)

See also

• (month): Previous: تَمُّوز (tammūz). Next: أَيْلُول (ʔaylūl)
• شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)

Etymology 2

Root
ء و ب (ʔ w b)
4 terms

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -aːb

Verb

آبَ • (ʔāba) I (non-past يَؤُوبُ (yaʔūbu), verbal noun أَوْب (ʔawb) or أَوْبَة (ʔawba) or إِيَاب (ʔiyāb) or مَآب (maʔāb))

1. to return, to come back

   Synonyms: عَادَ (ʕāda), رَجَعَ (rajaʕa)

2. to repent

   Synonym: تَابَ (tāba)

3. to incur, catch, be left with [with بِ (bi)]

Conjugation

Conjugation of آبَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal nouns أَوْب, أَوْبَة, إِيَاب, مَآب)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						أَوْب, أَوْبَة, إِيَاب, مَآب ʔawb, ʔawba, ʔiyāb, maʔāb
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						آئِب ʔāʔib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَؤُوب maʔūb
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	أُبْتُ ʔubtu	أُبْتَ ʔubta	آبَ ʔāba		أُبْنَا ʔubnā	أُبْتُمَا ʔubtumā	آبَا ʔābā		أُبْنَا ʔubnā	أُبْتُمْ ʔubtum	آبُوا ʔābū
	f		أُبْتِ ʔubti	آبَتْ ʔābat				آبَتَا ʔābatā			أُبْتُنَّ ʔubtunna	أُبْنَ ʔubna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَؤُوبُ ʔaʔūbu	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu	يَؤُوبُ yaʔūbu		نَؤُوبُ naʔūbu	تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni	يَؤُوبَانِ yaʔūbāni		نَؤُوبُ naʔūbu	تَؤُوبُونَ taʔūbūna	يَؤُوبُونَ yaʔūbūna
	f		تَؤُوبِينَ taʔūbīna	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu				تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَؤُوبَ ʔaʔūba	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba	يَؤُوبَ yaʔūba		نَؤُوبَ naʔūba	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā		نَؤُوبَ naʔūba	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
	f		تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba				تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَؤُبْ ʔaʔub	تَؤُبْ taʔub	يَؤُبْ yaʔub		نَؤُبْ naʔub	تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā		نَؤُبْ naʔub	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
	f		تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُبْ taʔub				تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أُبْ ʔub				أُوبَا ʔūbā				أُوبُوا ʔūbū
	f		أُوبِي ʔūbī								أُبْنَ ʔubna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	إِيبَ ʔība		—	—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—				—			—	—
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُؤَابُ yuʔābu		—	—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—				—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُؤَابَ yuʔāba		—	—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—				—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُؤَبْ yuʔab		—	—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—				—			—	—

Etymology 3

Root
ء ب ي (ʔ b y)
5 terms

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -aːb

Adjective

آبٍ • (ʔābin) (informal آبِي (ʔābī), feminine آبِيَة (ʔābiya), masculine plural آبُون (ʔābūn) or أُبَاة (ʔubāh), feminine plural آبِيَات (ʔābiyāt) or أَوَابٍ (ʔawābin, informal أَوَابِي (ʔawābī)))

1. active participle of أَبَى (ʔabā)
2. reserved, unwilling, reluctant

Declension

Declension of noun آبٍ (ʔābin)

singular	masculine			feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	construct	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	آبِي ʔābī	الْآبِي al-ʔābī	آبِي ʔābī	آبِيَة ʔābiya	الْآبِيَة al-ʔābiya	آبِيَة ʔābiyat
nominative	آبٍ ʔābin	الْآبِي al-ʔābī	آبِي ʔābī	آبِيَةٌ ʔābiyatun	الْآبِيَةُ al-ʔābiyatu	آبِيَةُ ʔābiyatu
accusative	آبِيًا ʔābiyan	الْآبِيَ al-ʔābiya	آبِيَ ʔābiya	آبِيَةً ʔābiyatan	الْآبِيَةَ al-ʔābiyata	آبِيَةَ ʔābiyata
genitive	آبٍ ʔābin	الْآبِي al-ʔābī	آبِي ʔābī	آبِيَةٍ ʔābiyatin	الْآبِيَةِ al-ʔābiyati	آبِيَةِ ʔābiyati
dual	masculine			feminine
	indefinite	definite	construct	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	آبِيَيْن ʔābiyayn	الْآبِيَيْن al-ʔābiyayn	آبِيَيْ ʔābiyay	آبِيَتَيْن ʔābiyatayn	الْآبِيَتَيْن al-ʔābiyatayn	آبِيَتَيْ ʔābiyatay
nominative	آبِيَانِ ʔābiyāni	الْآبِيَانِ al-ʔābiyāni	آبِيَا ʔābiyā	آبِيَتَانِ ʔābiyatāni	الْآبِيَتَانِ al-ʔābiyatāni	آبِيَتَا ʔābiyatā
accusative	آبِيَيْنِ ʔābiyayni	الْآبِيَيْنِ al-ʔābiyayni	آبِيَيْ ʔābiyay	آبِيَتَيْنِ ʔābiyatayni	الْآبِيَتَيْنِ al-ʔābiyatayni	آبِيَتَيْ ʔābiyatay
genitive	آبِيَيْنِ ʔābiyayni	الْآبِيَيْنِ al-ʔābiyayni	آبِيَيْ ʔābiyay	آبِيَتَيْنِ ʔābiyatayni	الْآبِيَتَيْنِ al-ʔābiyatayni	آبِيَتَيْ ʔābiyatay
plural	masculine			feminine
	sound masculine plural; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)			sound feminine plural; broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in)
	indefinite	definite	construct	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	آبِين; أُبَاة ʔābīn; ʔubāt	الْآبِين; الْأُبَاة al-ʔābīn; al-ʔubāt	آبِي; أُبَاة ʔābī; ʔubāt	آبِيَات; أَوَابِي ʔābiyāt; ʔawābī	الْآبِيَات; الْأَوَابِي al-ʔābiyāt; al-ʔawābī	آبِيَات; أَوَابِي ʔābiyāt; ʔawābī
nominative	آبُونَ; أُبَاةٌ ʔābūna; ʔubātun	الْآبُونَ; الْأُبَاةُ al-ʔābūna; al-ʔubātu	آبُو; أُبَاةُ ʔābū; ʔubātu	آبِيَاتٌ; أَوَابٍ ʔābiyātun; ʔawābin	الْآبِيَاتُ; الْأَوَابِي al-ʔābiyātu; al-ʔawābī	آبِيَاتُ; أَوَابِي ʔābiyātu; ʔawābī
accusative	آبِينَ; أُبَاةً ʔābīna; ʔubātan	الْآبِينَ; الْأُبَاةَ al-ʔābīna; al-ʔubāta	آبِي; أُبَاةَ ʔābī; ʔubāta	آبِيَاتٍ; أَوَابِيَ ʔābiyātin; ʔawābiya	الْآبِيَاتِ; الْأَوَابِيَ al-ʔābiyāti; al-ʔawābiya	آبِيَاتِ; أَوَابِيَ ʔābiyāti; ʔawābiya
genitive	آبِينَ; أُبَاةٍ ʔābīna; ʔubātin	الْآبِينَ; الْأُبَاةِ al-ʔābīna; al-ʔubāti	آبِي; أُبَاةِ ʔābī; ʔubāti	آبِيَاتٍ; أَوَابٍ ʔābiyātin; ʔawābin	الْآبِيَاتِ; الْأَوَابِي al-ʔābiyāti; al-ʔawābī	آبِيَاتِ; أَوَابِي ʔābiyāti; ʔawābī

Etymology 4

Verb

آب (form I)

1. آبَ (ʔāba) /ʔaː.ba/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)
2. آبِ (ʔābi) /ʔaː.bi/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)

Etymology 5

Verb

آبُ • (ʔābu) (form I) /ʔaː.bu/

1. first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَا (ʔabā)

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Noun

آب • (ʾʾb /āb/) (uncountable)

1. water

   Synonym: سو (sw /⁠su⁠/)

   آب روشن ― ʾʾb rwšn /āb-ı rūšän/ ― shiny water

Declension

Declension of آب (āb)

singular plural nominative آب āb — — genitive آبنینگ ābnıng — — definite accusative آبنی ābnı — — dative آبغە ābġa — — ablative آبدین ābdın — — locative آبدە ābda — — possessive forms first person singular singular plural nominative آبیم ābım — — genitive آبیمنینگ ābımnıng — — definite accusative آبیمنی ābımnı — — dative آبیمغە ābımġa — — ablative آبیمدین ābımdın — — locative آبیمدە ābımda — — second person singular* singular plural nominative آبینگ ābıng — — genitive آبینگنینگ ābıngnıng — — definite accusative آبینگنی ābıngnı — — dative آبینگغە ābıngġa — — ablative آبینگدین ābıngdın — — locative آبینگدە ābıngda — — third person singular singular plural nominative آبی ābı — — genitive آبینینگ ābınıng — — definite accusative آبینی ābını — — dative آبیغە ābıġa — — ablative آبیدین ābıdın — — locative آبیدە ābıda — — first person plural singular plural nominative آبیمیز ābımız — — genitive آبیمیزنینگ ābımıznıng — — definite accusative آبیمیزنی ābımıznı — — dative آبیمیزغە ābımızġa — — ablative آبیمیزدین ābımızdın — — locative آبیمیزدە ābımızda — — second person plural* singular plural nominative آبینگیز ābıngız — — آبینگلار ābınglar — — genitive آبینگیزنینگ ābıngıznıng — — آبینگلارنینگ ābınglarnıng — — definite accusative آبینگیزنی ābıngıznı — — آبینگلارنی ābınglarnı — — dative آبینگیزغە ābıngızġa — — آبینگلارغە ābınglarġa — — ablative آبینگیزدین ābıngızdın — — آبینگلاردین ābınglardın — — locative آبینگیزدە ābıngızda — — آبینگلاردە ābınglarda — — third person plural singular plural nominative آبلاری ābları — — آبی ābı — — genitive آبلارینینگ āblarınıng — — آبینینگ ābınıng — — definite accusative آبلارینی āblarını — — آبینی ābınglarnı — — dative آبلاریغە āblarıġa — — آبیغە ābıġa — — ablative آبلاریدین āblarıdın — — آبیدین ābıdın — — locative آبلاریدە āblarıda — — آبیدە ābıda — — *second person singular forms are informal, for polite second person singular forms use second person plural forms

Derived terms

• آب بقا (ʾʾb bqʾ /⁠āb-ı bäqā⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب جوی (ʾʾb jwy /⁠āb jūy⁠/, “one who searches for water”)
• آب حیات (ʾʾb ḥyʾt /⁠āb-ı häyāt⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب حیوان (ʾʾb ḥywʾn /⁠āb-ı häywān⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب خور (ʾʾb xwr)
• آب رنک (ʾʾb rnk /⁠āb-ı räng⁠/, “tear”)
• آب روی (ʾʾb rwy /⁠āb-ı rūy⁠/, “dignity”)
• آب و خاک (ʾʾb w xʾk)
• آب و دانه (ʾʾb w dʾnh)
• آب و هوا (ʾʾb w hwʾ /⁠āb ū häwā⁠/, “climate”)
• آب چشم (ʾʾb čšm /⁠āb-ı čäšm⁠/, “tear”)
• آبتانه (ʾʾbtʾnh)
• آبدار (ʾʾbdʾr /⁠ābdār⁠/, “fresh, pleasant, shiny”)
• آبدست (ʾʾbdst /⁠ābdäst⁠/, “wudu”)
• آبکون (ʾʾbkwn /⁠ābgūn⁠/, “blue”)
• آبکیر (ʾʾbkyr /⁠ābgīr⁠/, “pool”)
• آبکینه (ʾʾbkynh /⁠ābgīnä⁠/, “bottle, water container”)

Further reading

• Ünlü, Suat (2013), Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Chagatai Turkic] (in Turkish), Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, →ISBN, page 1
• Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun; Gheyurani, Ghenizat; Qadir, Isma'il; Ehet, Ablimit (2002), چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language]‎^[1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, page 1

Gilaki

Etymology

Cognate with Persian آب (āb).

Noun

آب (âb)

1. water

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb). Kogan (2005, 2011) offers the possibility that there may have been contamination between آب (āb) and an earlier Kashmiri *āw.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Devanagari आब, Sharada 𑆄𑆧𑇀)

1. (uncountable) water

   Synonyms: زَل (zal), پونؠ (pōn')

   آب چھُ تُرُن ― āb chu turun ― The water is cold

Usage notes

آب (āb) is not used for water that is meant to be drunk. For water purposed for drinking, ترٛیش (trēś) is used.

References

• S. K. Toshakhani; J. Lal Kaul; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980), Kashir Dictionary Vol 1‎^[2] (in Kashmiri), volume 1, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 138
• Kogan, Anton I. (2005), Дардские языки. Генетическая характеристика (in Russian):

  Совершенно необязательно считать кашмирскую лексему заимствованной из персидского. Если предположить, что в кашмири сохранился рефлекс древней тематической основы с исходом на гласный, то в качестве закономерного ее продолжения следовало бы ожидать форму с конечным w типа āw. Появление смычного b на месте сонорного может действительно являться следствием влияния перс. āb, однако незаимствованный характер обозначения воды вовсе не исключается. Принадлежность данного слова к наиболее устойчивой и наименее подверженной заимствованию части словаря, несомненно повышает вероятность его исконного происхождения.

  Soveršenno neobjazatelʹno sčitatʹ kašmirskuju leksemu zaimstvovannoj iz persidskovo. Jesli predpoložitʹ, što v kašmiri soxranilsja refleks drevnej tematičeskoj osnovy s isxodom na glasnyj, to v kačestve zakonomernovo jeje prodolženija sledovalo by ožidatʹ formu s konečnym w tipa āw. Pojavlenije smyčnovo b na meste sonornovo možet dejstvitelʹno javljatʹsja sledstvijem vlijanija pers. āb, odnako nezaimstvovannyj xarakter oboznačenija vody vovse ne isključajetsja. Prinadležnostʹ dannovo slova k naiboleje ustojčivoj i naimeneje podveržennoj zaimstvovaniju časti slovarja, nesomnenno povyšajet verojatnostʹ jevo iskonnovo proisxoždenija.

  It is by no means necessary to regard the Kashmiri lexeme as borrowed from Persian. If we suppose that Kashmiri preserved the reflex of an ancient thematic stem ending in a vowel, then as its regular continuation we would expect a form with final w, something like āw. The appearance of stop b in place of the sonorant may indeed have resulted from the influence of Persian āb, but the non-borrowed character of the word for ‘water’ is by no means excluded. The belonging of this word to the most stable and least borrowable layer of vocabulary undoubtedly increases the probability of its native origin.

• Kogan, Anton I. (2011), “К характеристике индоарийских элементов в языке кашмири”, in Вопросы языкового родства (in Russian), volume 5, page 1 of 23–47:

  Единственным исключением, с которым нам пришлось столкнуться, является каш. āb ‘вода’. Это слово могло бы представлять собой иранизм (ср. кл.-перс. āb то же). Однако оно обнаруживает исконные соответствия (рефлексы общеарийск. *āp- ‘вода’) в других дардских языках. Это, а также несомненная принадлежность обозначения воды к базисной части словаря, делает более вероятной гипотезу об имевшей место в прошлом контаминации исконно кашмирской и персидской лексемы (регулярный кашмирский рефлекс общеарийск. *āp- выглядел бы как *āw).

  Jedinstvennym isključenijem, s kotorym nam prišlosʹ stolknutʹsja, javljajetsja kaš. āb ‘voda’. Eto slovo moglo by predstavljatʹ soboj iranizm (sr. kl.-pers. āb to že). Odnako ono obnaruživajet iskonnyje sootvetstvija (refleksy obščearijsk. *āp- ‘voda’) v drugix dardskix jazykax. Eto, a takže nesomnennaja prinadležnostʹ oboznačenija vody k bazisnoj časti slovarja, delajet boleje verojatnoj gipotezu ob imevšej mesto v prošlom kontaminacii iskonno kašmirskoj i persidskoj leksemy (reguljarnyj kašmirskij refleks obščearijsk. *āp- vygljadel by kak *āw).

Kermanic

Noun

آب (āb) (Gazi)

1. water

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Этимологический словарь иранских языков [Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov, Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Classical Persian آب (âb)bor.

Ottoman Turkish آب

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (âb).

Noun

آب • (âb) (literary)

1. water

   Synonym: صو

Descendants

• Turkish: ab

Persian

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Persian آب

From Middle Persian ʾp̄ (āb), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (ap-), from Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš (compare Northern Kurdish av, aw, Baluchi آپ (áp), Northern Luri ںاڢ (aw), Bakhtiari ںڢ (əw), Pashto اوبه (obë), Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (compare Sanskrit अप् (ap)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water, body of water”).

Alternative forms

• او (ow) (colloquial, dialectal)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

• Rhymes: -aːb

Readings
Classical reading?	āb
Dari reading?	āb
Iranian reading?	âb
Tajik reading?	ob

• (Shiraz) IPA^(key): [ʔow]

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (plural آب‌ها (āb-hā / âb-hâ), Tajik spelling об)

1. water
2. liquid
3. juice

   Synonym: آب میوه

   آب انار ― āb-i anār / âb-e anâr ― pomegranate juice

4. river

   Synonym: رود

5. honour, reputation, standing

Derived terms

• آب بینی (âb-e bini)
• آب میوه (âb-e mive)
• آب و هوا (âb-o-havâ)
• آبرو (âberu)
• آبشار (âbšâr)
• آبلیمو (âblimu)
• آبکند (âbkand)
• آبی (âbi)
• آب‌انبار (âb-anbâr)
• تشناب (tašnâb)
• زیرآبی (zêr-e-âbi)
• ضدآب (zedd-e-âb)
• پنجاب (panjâb)

Descendants

• → Äynu: ab
• → Bengali: আব (āb)
• → Chagatai: آب (ʾʾb /⁠āb⁠/)
• → Gujarati: આબ (āb)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: आब (āb)

  Urdu: آب (āb)

• → Kashmiri:

  Arabic script: آب (āb)

  Devanagari script: आब (āb)

  Sharada script: 𑆄𑆧𑇀 (āb)

• Lurish:

  Northern Luri: ںاۏ (aw)

  Silakhori: ۏ (w)

  Borujerdi: اۏ (ew)

  Bakhtiari: ںۏ (əw)

  Southern Luri: ۆۏ (ow)

• → Ottoman Turkish: آب (âb)
  • Turkish: ab
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਆਬ (āb)

  Shahmukhi script: آب (āb)

• → Sindhi:

  Khudabadi script: 𑊱𑋔𑋣 (ābu)

  Devanagari script: आबु (ābu)

  Arabic script: آبُ (ābu)

• → Sylheti: ꠀꠛ (ab)

See also

• رود (rud)
• رودخانه (rudxâne)
• نهر (nahr)
• دریا (daryâ)

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Этимологический словарь иранских языков [Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov, Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 312

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

• Rhymes: -aːb

Readings
Classical reading?	āb
Dari reading?	āb
Iranian reading?	âb
Tajik reading?	ob

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (Tajik spelling об)

1. (Syriac calendar) August

See also

• (month): Previous: تمّوز (tammuz). Next: ایلول (eylul)

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “آب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul

Sindhi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Classical Persian آب (āb)bor.

Sindhi آب

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Noun

آبُ • (ābu) m (Devanagari आबु)

1. water
2. juice

Declension

Declension of آبُ (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	آبُ ābu	آبَ āba
oblique	آبَ āba	آبَنِ ābani
vocative	آبَ āba	آبو ābo

Related terms

• آبي (ābi)
• آب پاشِي (āb-e bini)
• آبشار (ābśāru)
• آب و هوا (ābu-o havā)

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “آب”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ)

Arabic آب (ʔāb)

South Levantine Arabic آب

Inherited from Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ).

Noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

1. (formal) August

   Synonym: شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye)

See also

Gregorian calendar months in South Levantine Arabic · أشهر التقويم الميلادي (ʔašhor it-taqwīm il-mīlādi) (layout · text)
January	February	March	April
شهر واحد (šahr wāḥad), كانون التاني (kānūn it-tāni)	شهر تنين (šahr tnēn), شباط (šbāṭ)	شهر تلاتة (šahr talāte), آذار (ʔāḏār)	شهر أربعة (šahr arbaʕa), نيسان (nīsān)
May	June	July	August
شهر خمسة (šahr ḵamse), أيّار (ʔayyār)	شهر ستّة (šahr sitte), حزيران (ḥazīrān)	شهر سبعة (šahr sabʕa), تمّوز (tammūz)	شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye), آب (ʔāb)
September	October	November	December
شهر تسعة (šahr tisʕa), أيلول (ʔēlūl)	شهر عشرة (šahr ʕašara), تشرين الأوّل (tišrīn il-ʔawwal)	شهر حدعش (šahr ḥdaʕš), تشرين التاني (tišrīn it-tāni)	شهر تنعش (šahr tnaʕš), كانون الأوّل (kānūn il-ʔawwal)

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Classical Persian آب (āb)bor.

Urdu آب

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɑːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Hindi spelling आब)

1. water

   (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

2. liquid
3. sparkle

Related terms

• آب و رنگ
• آب و نمک
• آب و ہوا (āb o hvā)
• آبشار (ābśār)
• آبی (ābī)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884), “آب”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.