آب

See also: اب, أب, ات, آپ, and آت

Arabic

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -aːb

Etymology 1

From Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ), ultimately from Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum). Cognate with Hebrew אָב (av, “Av, the fifth month of the Hebrew lunisolar calendar”).

Proper noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

1. (Mashreq, especially Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq) August (eighth month of the Gregorian and Julian calendars)

   Synonyms: أَغُسْطُس (ʔaḡusṭus), (Morocco) غُشْت (ḡušt), (Algeria, Tunisia) أُوت (ʔūt)

Declension

Declension of noun آب (ʔāb)

singular	basic singular diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	آب ʔāb	—
nominative	—	آبُ ʔābu	—
accusative	—	آبَ ʔāba	—
genitive	—	آبَ ʔāba	—

Descendants

• → Persian: آب (âb, “August”)

See also

• (month): Previous: تَمُّوز (tammūz). Next: أَيْلُول (ʔaylūl)
• شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)

Etymology 2

Root
ء و ب (ʔ w b)
4 terms

Verb

آبَ • (ʔāba) I (non-past يَؤُوبُ (yaʔūbu), verbal noun أَوْب (ʔawb) or أَوْبَة (ʔawba) or إِيَاب (ʔiyāb) or مَآب (maʔāb))

1. to return, to come back

   Synonyms: عَادَ (ʕāda), رَجَعَ (rajaʕa)

2. to repent

   Synonym: تَابَ (tāba)

3. to incur, catch, be left with [with بِ (bi)]

Conjugation

Conjugation of آبَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal nouns أَوْب, أَوْبَة, إِيَاب, مَآب)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						أَوْب, أَوْبَة, إِيَاب, مَآب ʔawb, ʔawba, ʔiyāb, maʔāb
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						آئِب ʔāʔib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَؤُوب maʔūb
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُبْتُ ʔubtu	أُبْتَ ʔubta	آبَ ʔāba		أُبْتُمَا ʔubtumā	آبَا ʔābā		أُبْنَا ʔubnā	أُبْتُمْ ʔubtum	آبُوا ʔābū
	f		أُبْتِ ʔubti	آبَتْ ʔābat			آبَتَا ʔābatā			أُبْتُنَّ ʔubtunna	أُبْنَ ʔubna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَؤُوبُ ʔaʔūbu	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu	يَؤُوبُ yaʔūbu		تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni	يَؤُوبَانِ yaʔūbāni		نَؤُوبُ naʔūbu	تَؤُوبُونَ taʔūbūna	يَؤُوبُونَ yaʔūbūna
	f		تَؤُوبِينَ taʔūbīna	تَؤُوبُ taʔūbu			تَؤُوبَانِ taʔūbāni			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَؤُوبَ ʔaʔūba	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba	يَؤُوبَ yaʔūba		تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā		نَؤُوبَ naʔūba	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
	f		تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُوبَ taʔūba			تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَؤُبْ ʔaʔub	تَؤُبْ taʔub	يَؤُبْ yaʔub		تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā	يَؤُوبَا yaʔūbā		نَؤُبْ naʔub	تَؤُوبُوا taʔūbū	يَؤُوبُوا yaʔūbū
	f		تَؤُوبِي taʔūbī	تَؤُبْ taʔub			تَؤُوبَا taʔūbā			تَؤُبْنَ taʔubna	يَؤُبْنَ yaʔubna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أُبْ ʔub			أُوبَا ʔūbā				أُوبُوا ʔūbū
	f		أُوبِي ʔūbī							أُبْنَ ʔubna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	إِيبَ ʔība		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُؤَابُ yuʔābu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُؤَابَ yuʔāba		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُؤَبْ yuʔab		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 3

Verb

آب (form I)

1. آبَ (ʔāba) /ʔaː.ba/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)
2. آبِ (ʔābi) /ʔaː.bi/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَبَى (ʔabā)

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Noun

آب • (ʾāb /āb/) (uncountable)

1. water

   Synonym: سو (sw /⁠su⁠/)

   آب روشن ― ʾāb rwšn /āb-ı rūšän/ ― shiny water

Declension

Declension of آب (āb)

singular plural nominative آب āb — — genitive آبنینگ ābnıng — — definite accusative آبنی ābnı — — dative آبغە ābġa — — ablative آبدین ābdın — — locative آبدە ābda — — possessive forms first person singular singular plural nominative آبیم ābım — — genitive آبیمنینگ ābımnıng — — definite accusative آبیمنی ābımnı — — dative آبیمغە ābımġa — — ablative آبیمدین ābımdın — — locative آبیمدە ābımda — — second person singular* singular plural nominative آبینگ ābıng — — genitive آبینگنینگ ābıngnıng — — definite accusative آبینگنی ābıngnı — — dative آبینگغە ābıngġa — — ablative آبینگدین ābıngdın — — locative آبینگدە ābıngda — — third person singular singular plural nominative آبی ābı — — genitive آبینینگ ābınıng — — definite accusative آبینی ābını — — dative آبیغە ābıġa — — ablative آبیدین ābıdın — — locative آبیدە ābıda — — first person plural singular plural nominative آبیمیز ābımız — — genitive آبیمیزنینگ ābımıznıng — — definite accusative آبیمیزنی ābımıznı — — dative آبیمیزغە ābımızġa — — ablative آبیمیزدین ābımızdın — — locative آبیمیزدە ābımızda — — second person plural* singular plural nominative آبینگیز ābıngız — — آبینگلار ābınglar — — genitive آبینگیزنینگ ābıngıznıng — — آبینگلارنینگ ābınglarnıng — — definite accusative آبینگیزنی ābıngıznı — — آبینگلارنی ābınglarnı — — dative آبینگیزغە ābıngızġa — — آبینگلارغە ābınglarġa — — ablative آبینگیزدین ābıngızdın — — آبینگلاردین ābınglardın — — locative آبینگیزدە ābıngızda — — آبینگلاردە ābınglarda — — third person plural singular plural nominative آبلاری ābları — — آبی ābı — — genitive آبلارینینگ āblarınıng — — آبینینگ ābınıng — — definite accusative آبلارینی āblarını — — آبینی ābınglarnı — — dative آبلاریغە āblarıġa — — آبیغە ābıġa — — ablative آبلاریدین āblarıdın — — آبیدین ābıdın — — locative آبلاریدە āblarıda — — آبیدە ābıda — — *second person singular forms are informal, for polite second person singular forms use second person plural forms

Derived terms

• آب بقا (ʾāb bqā /⁠āb-ı bäqā⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب جوی (ʾāb jwy /⁠āb jūy⁠/, “one who searches for water”)
• آب حیات (ʾāb ḥyāt /⁠āb-ı häyāt⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب حیوان (ʾāb ḥywān /⁠āb-ı häywān⁠/, “elixir of life”)
• آب خور (ʾāb xwr)
• آب رنک (ʾāb rnk /⁠āb-ı räng⁠/, “tear”)
• آب روی (ʾāb rwy /⁠āb-ı rūy⁠/, “dignity”)
• آب و خاک (ʾāb w xāk)
• آب و دانه (ʾāb w dānh)
• آب و هوا (ʾāb w hwā /⁠āb ū häwā⁠/, “climate”)
• آب چشم (ʾāb čšm /⁠āb-ı čäšm⁠/, “tear”)
• آبتانه (ʾābtānh)
• آبدار (ʾābdār /⁠ābdār⁠/, “fresh, pleasant, shiny”)
• آبدست (ʾābdst /⁠ābdäst⁠/, “wudu”)
• آبکون (ʾābkwn /⁠ābgūn⁠/, “blue”)
• آبکیر (ʾābkyr /⁠ābgīr⁠/, “pool”)
• آبکینه (ʾābkynh /⁠ābgīnä⁠/, “bottle, water container”)

Further reading

• Ünlü, Suat (2013), Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Chagatai Turkic] (in Turkish), Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, →ISBN, page 1
• Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun; Gheyurani, Ghenizat; Qadir, Isma'il; Ehet, Ablimit (2002), چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language]‎^[1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, page 1

Gilaki

Etymology

Cognate with Persian آب (āb).

Noun

آب (âb)

1. water

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Devanagari आब, Sharada 𑆄𑆧𑇀)

1. (uncountable) water

   Synonyms: زَل (zal), پونؠ (pōn')

   آب چھُ تُرُن ― āb chu turun ― The water is cold

Usage notes

آب (āb) is not used for water that is meant to be drunk. For water purposed for drinking, ترٛیش (trēś) is used.

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

References

• S. K. Toshakhani; J. Lal Kaul; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980), Kashir Dictionary Vol 1‎^[2] (in Kashmiri), volume 1, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 138

Kermanic

Noun

آب (āb) (Gazi)

1. water

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (âb).

Noun

آب • (âb) (literary)

1. water

   Synonym: صو

Descendants

• Turkish: ab, ap

Persian

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Persian آب

From Middle Persian ʾp̄ (āb), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (ap-), from Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš (compare Northern Kurdish av, aw, Baluchi آپ (áp), Bakhtiari او (aw), Pashto اوبه (obë), Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (compare Sanskrit अप् (ap)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water, body of water”).

Alternative forms

• او (ow) (colloquial, dialectal)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäw]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

Readings
Classical reading?	āb
Dari reading?	āb
Iranian reading?	âb
Tajik reading?	ob

• (Shiraz) IPA^(key): [ʔow]

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːb

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (plural آب‌ها (āb-hā / âb-hâ), Tajik spelling об)

1. water
2. liquid
3. juice

   Synonym: آب میوه

   آب انار ― āb-i anār / âb-e anâr ― pomegranate juice

4. river

   Synonym: رود

5. honour, reputation, standing

Derived terms

• آب بینی (âb-e bini)
• آب میوه (âb-e mive)
• آب و هوا (âb-o-havâ)
• آبرو (âberu)
• آبشار (âbšâr)
• آبلیمو (âblimu)
• آبکند (âbkand)
• آبی (âbi)
• آب‌انبار (âb-anbâr)
• تشناب (tašnâb)
• زیرآبی (zêr-e-âbi)
• ضدآب (zedd-e-âb)
• پنجاب (panjâb)

Descendants

• → Äynu: ab
• → Bengali: আব (āb)
• → Chagatai: آب (ʾāb /⁠āb⁠/)
• → Gujarati: આબ (āb)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: आब (āb)

  Urdu: آب (āb)

• → Kashmiri:

  Arabic script: آب (āb)

  Devanagari script: आब (āb)

  Sharada script: 𑆄𑆧𑇀 (āb)

• → Ottoman Turkish: آب (âb)
  • Turkish: ab, ap
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਆਬ (āba)

  Shahmukhi script: آب (āb)

• → Sindhi:

  Arabic script: آبُ (ābu)

  Devanagari script: आबु (ābu)

  Khudabadi script: 𑊱𑋔𑋣 (ābu)

• → Sylheti: ꠀꠛ (ab)

See also

• رود (rud)
• رودخانه (rudxâne)
• نهر (nahr)
• دریا (daryâ)

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 312

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʔaːb/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb]

Readings
Classical reading?	āb
Dari reading?	āb
Iranian reading?	âb
Tajik reading?	ob

Noun

آب • (āb / âb) (Tajik spelling об)

1. (Syriac calendar) August

See also

• (month): Previous: تمّوز (tammuz). Next: ایلول (eylul)

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “آب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb)

Noun

آب • (ābu) m (Devanagari आबु)

1. water
2. juice

Related terms

• آبي (ābi)
• آب پاشِي (āb-e bini)
• آبشار (ābśāru)
• آب و هوا (ābu-o havā)

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “آب”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic آب (ʔāb), from Classical Syriac ܐܒ (ʾāḇ).

Noun

آب • (ʔāb) m

1. (formal) August

   Synonym: شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye)

See also

Gregorian calendar months in South Levantine Arabic · أشهر التقويم الميلادي (ʔašhor it-taqwīm il-mīlādi) (layout · text)
January	February	March	April
شهر واحد (šahr wāḥad), كانون التاني (kānūn it-tāni)	شهر تنين (šahr tnēn), شباط (šbāṭ)	شهر تلاتة (šahr talāte), آذار (ʔāḏār)	شهر أربعة (šahr arbaʕa), نيسان (nīsān)
May	June	July	August
شهر خمسة (šahr ḵamse), أيّار (ʔayyār)	شهر ستّة (šahr sitte), حزيران (ḥazīrān)	شهر سبعة (šahr sabʕa), تمّوز (tammūz)	شهر تمانية (šahr tamanye), آب (ʔāb)
September	October	November	December
شهر تسعة (šahr tisʕa), أيلول (ʔēlūl)	شهر عشرة (šahr ʕašara), تشرين الأوّل (tišrīn il-ʔawwal)	شهر حدعش (šahr ḥdaʕš), تشرين التاني (tišrīn it-tāni)	شهر تنعش (šahr tnaʕš), كانون الأوّل (kānūn il-ʔawwal)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آب (āb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɑːb/

Noun

آب • (āb) m (Hindi spelling आब)

1. water

   (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

2. liquid
3. sparkle

Related terms

• آب و رنگ
• آب و نمک
• آب و ہوا (āb o hvā)
• آبشار (ābśār)
• آبی (ābī)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884), “آب”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.