آبدست

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آبدست (âbdast), a compound of آب (âb, “water”) + دست (dast, “hand”).

Noun

آبدست • (âbdest) (definite accusative آبدستی (âbdesti), plural آبدستلر (âbdestler))

1. (Islam) abdest (the Islamic act of washing parts of the body using water for ritual prayers and for handling and reading the Qur'an)

   Synonym: وضو (vuzu)

Derived terms

• آبدست آلمق (âbdest almak, “to perform the abdest”)
• آبدست بوزمق (âbdest bozmak, “to nullify the abdest”)
• آبدست ویرمك (âbdest vermek, “to reprimend”)
• آبدستخانه (âbdesthâne, “room fitted for ritual ablutions”)
• آبدستدان (âbdestdân, “ewer for ritual ablution”)
• آبدستسز (âbdestsiz, “not purified with the abdest”)
• آبدستلك (âbdestlik, “kind of coat or gown used in ablutions”)
• آبدستلو (âbdestli, “purified with the abdest”)

Descendants

• Turkish: abdest, abdes, abdez, aptes (dialectal)
  • → English: abdest
  • → Portuguese: abdesto, abdeste
  • → Spanish: abdesto
• → Albanian: avdes
• → Armenian: ապտես / ապտէս (aptes), ավդա̈սթ (avdästʻ)
• → Ladino: abdest
• → Laz: აბდეზი (abdezi), აბდესი (abdesi) — Batumi, აპტეზი (ap̌ťezi) — Atina, Vizha, აპტესი (ap̌ťesi) — Okordule
• → Macedonian: абдест (abdest)
• → Polish: abdest (learned)
• → Russian: абдест (abdest)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: а̀бдест, а̀бдес, а̀вдест

  Latin script: àbdest, àbdes, àvdest

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “آبدست”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 3
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “abdest”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 80
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “آبدست”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 2a
• Kakuk, Suzanne (1973), Recherches sur l’histoire de la langue osmanlie des XVIe et XVIIe siècles. Les éléments osmanlis de la langue hongroise (Near and Middle East Monographs; 17) (in French), The Hague and Paris: Mouton, page 23
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “آبدست”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 2
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “آبدست”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 20
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “abdest”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “آبدست”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 10

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps

Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš

Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)

Middle Persian ʾp̄

Persian آب

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas

Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t)

Middle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (ydh)

Persian دست

Persian آبدست

From آب (âb, “water”) +‎ دست (dast, “hand”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔaːb.ˈdast/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.d̪äst̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.d̪äst̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.d̪äst̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːb.d̪äst̪]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb.d̪æst̪ʰ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb.d̪äst̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	ābdast
Dari reading?	ābdast
Iranian reading?	âbdast
Tajik reading?	obdast

Noun

آبدست • (âbdast) (Tajik spelling обдаст)

1. (archaic, Islam) abdest, wudu

   Synonym: وضو (vozu)

2. (archaic) ablution

Derived terms

• آبدستخانه (âbdastxâne)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: abdəst
• → Gujarati: આબદસ્ત (ābadast)
• → Malay: abdas
  • Indonesian: abdas
• → Northern Kurdish: avdest
• → Zazaki: ewdaz
• → Ottoman Turkish: آبدست (âbdest) (see there for further descendants)
• → Urdu: آبْدَسْت (ābdast)
• → Pashto: اودس (awdas)