آبگینه

Persian

Alternative forms

• آبگین (âbgin)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄ḵynk' /⁠ābgēnag⁠/, “crystal, glass”), compound of [script needed] (ʾp̄ /⁠āb⁠/, “water”) +‎ [script needed] (-kyn' /⁠-gēn⁠/) +‎ [script needed] (-k' /⁠-ag⁠/). Akin to Sogdian [script needed] (ʾʾpkyn-), [script needed] (ʾʾpkynʾk, “crystal”), Ossetian авг (avg) (Iron) / авгӕ (avgæ, “glass; bottle”) (Digor), and also Old Armenian ապակի (apaki), ապիկի (apiki), Coptic ⲁⲃⲁϫⲏⲓⲛⲓ (abajēini), Hungarian üveg (“glass; bottle”), and possibly Old Georgian აპკაჲ (aṗḳay); Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔaːb.ɡiː.ˈna/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.ɡiː.ná]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.ɡiː.ná]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːb.ɡiː.ná]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːb.ɡi.ná]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːb.ɡʲiː.né]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔb.ɡi.ná]

Readings
Classical reading?	ābgīna
Dari reading?	ābgīna
Iranian reading?	âbgine
Tajik reading?	obgina

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	آبگینه
Iranian Persian
Tajik	обгина

آبگینه • (ābgīna / âbgine) (plural آبگینه‌ها (ābgīna-hā / âbgine-hâ), Tajik spelling обгина)

1. glass (substance)

   Synonym: شیشه (šiše)

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3958:

     آبگینه‌‌ی زرد چون سازی نقاب
     زرد بینی جمله نور آفتاب

     ābgina-i zard čōn sāzī niqāb
     zard bīnī jumla nūr-i āftāb

     When you make yellow glass a veil,
     you see all the sunlight yellow.

2. glass (drinking vessel)

   Synonyms: لیوان (livân) (Iran), گیلاس (gêlâs) (Dari)

3. mirror

   Synonym: آیینه (âyine)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “آبگینه”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “آبگینه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Lambton, Ann K.S. (1954), Persian Vocabulary, London: Cambridge University Press, page 3
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “آبگینه”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “ābgēnag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Further reading

• Abajev, V. I. (1958), Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 84–85
• Bailey, H. W. (1971), Zoroastrian problems in the ninth-century books‎^[1], 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 130
• Gippert, Jost (1993), Iranica Armeno-Iberica: Studien zu den iranischen Lehnwörtern im Armenischen und Georgischen (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte; 606. Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Iranistik; 26)‎^[2] (in German), volume I, Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, pages 8–15
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897), Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 103
• Korn, Agnes; Olsen, Birgit Anette (2012), “On Armenian -agin: additional evidence for a third West Middle Iranian dialect?”, in Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft‎^[3], volume 66, number 2, page 208, note 30
• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 313