اتحاد

See also: اتخاذ‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root و ح د‎ (w-ḥ-d).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it.ti.ħaːd/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

اِتِّحَاد • (ittiḥād) m (plural اِتِّحَادَات‎ (ittiḥādāt))

1. verbal noun of اِتَّحَدَ‎ (ittaḥada) (form VIII)
2. union

   ‏الِٱتِّحَاد الْأُورُوبِيّ‎‎ ― al-ittiḥād al-ʔūrūbiyy ― the European Union

3. concord
4. unanimity
5. identity

Declension

Declension of noun اِتِّحَاد (ittiḥād)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِتِّحَاد ittiḥād	الِاتِّحَاد‎ al-ittiḥād	اِتِّحَاد ittiḥād
Nominative	اِتِّحَادٌ ittiḥādun	الِاتِّحَادُ‎ al-ittiḥādu	اِتِّحَادُ ittiḥādu
Accusative	اِتِّحَادًا‎ ittiḥādan	الِاتِّحَادَ‎ al-ittiḥāda	اِتِّحَادَ ittiḥāda
Genitive	اِتِّحَادٍ ittiḥādin	الِاتِّحَادِ‎ al-ittiḥādi	اِتِّحَادِ ittiḥādi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِتِّحَادَيْن‎ ittiḥādayn	الِاتِّحَادَيْن‎ al-ittiḥādayn	اِتِّحَادَيْ‎ ittiḥāday
Nominative	اِتِّحَادَانِ‎ ittiḥādāni	الِاتِّحَادَانِ‎ al-ittiḥādāni	اِتِّحَادَا‎ ittiḥādā
Accusative	اِتِّحَادَيْنِ‎ ittiḥādayni	الِاتِّحَادَيْنِ‎ al-ittiḥādayni	اِتِّحَادَيْ‎ ittiḥāday
Genitive	اِتِّحَادَيْنِ‎ ittiḥādayni	الِاتِّحَادَيْنِ‎ al-ittiḥādayni	اِتِّحَادَيْ‎ ittiḥāday
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِتِّحَادَات‎ ittiḥādāt	الِاتِّحَادَات‎ al-ittiḥādāt	اِتِّحَادَات‎ ittiḥādāt
Nominative	اِتِّحَادَاتٌ‎ ittiḥādātun	الِاتِّحَادَاتُ‎ al-ittiḥādātu	اِتِّحَادَاتُ‎ ittiḥādātu
Accusative	اِتِّحَادَاتٍ‎ ittiḥādātin	الِاتِّحَادَاتِ‎ al-ittiḥādāti	اِتِّحَادَاتِ‎ ittiḥādāti
Genitive	اِتِّحَادَاتٍ‎ ittiḥādātin	الِاتِّحَادَاتِ‎ al-ittiḥādāti	اِتِّحَادَاتِ‎ ittiḥādāti

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: اتحاد‎ (ittihad)
  • Turkish: ittihat
• Persian: اِتِّحاد‎ (ettehâd)
  • → Bengali: ইত্তিহাদ (ittihad)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: इत्तिहाद (ittihād)

    Urdu: اِتِّحاد‎ (ittihād)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “اتحاد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “وحد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Persian

Dari	اتحاد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	иттиҳод

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِتِّحَاد‎ (ittiḥād).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔit.ti.hɑːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪt̪.t̪ʰe̞.ɦɑːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪt̪.t̪ʰe̞.ɦɑːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪt̪.t̪ʰi.jɑːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔit̪.t̪ʰi.jɔːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔet̪.t̪ʰe.ɦɒːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔit̪.t̪ʰi.ɦɔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	ittihāḏ
Dari reading?	ittehād
Iranian reading?	ettehâd
Tajik reading?	ittehod

Noun

اِتِّحاد • (ettehâd)

1. union

   ‏اِتِّحادِ شورَوی‎ ― ettehâd-e šuravi ― the Soviet Union

Descendants

• → Bengali: ইত্তিহাদ (ittihad)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: इत्तिहाद (ittihād)

  Urdu: اِتِّحاد‎ (ittihād)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اتحاد‎ (ittihād), from Arabic اِتِّحَاد‎ (ittiḥād).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪ.t̪ːɪ.ɦɑːd̪/, /ɪ.t̪ːe.ɦɑːd̪/
• Rhymes: -ɑːd̪

Noun

اِتِّحاد • (ittihād) m (Hindi spelling इत्तिहाद)

1. unity, alliance
2. unification
3. accord, agreement
4. (politics) coalition

Declension

Declension of اتحاد
	singular	plural
direct	اتحاد (ittihād)	اتحاد (ittihād)
oblique	اتحاد (ittihād)	اتحادوں‎ (ittihādō̃)
vocative	اتحاد (ittihād)	اتحادو‎ (ittihādō)

References

• “اتحاد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “اتحاد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• “اتحاد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.