اراک
See also: آراک
Persian
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔa.ˈraːk/
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæ.ɹɒːkʰʲ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.ɾɔk]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | arāk |
| Dari reading? | arāk |
| Iranian reading? | arâk |
| Tajik reading? | arok |
Etymology 1
[edit]Persianization of earlier عراق (irāq, arāq / erâġ, arâġ), from Arabic اَلْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq), possibly a reference to عِرَاق الْعَجَم (ʕirāq al-ʕajam, “Persian Iraq”). The origin of Arabic اَلْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq) itself is uncertain, and some say it is an Arabization of اراک, not the other way around. That would ultimately derive it from Middle Persian [script needed] (ˀyrg /ērag/) or [script needed] (ˀl'k' /erāg/, “lowlands”).
Proper noun
[edit]اراک • (arāk / arâk) (Tajik spelling Арок)
- Arak (a city in Iran, the seat of Arak County's Central District and the capital of Markazi Province, formerly called Soltanabad)
- Synonym: (formerly) سلطانآباد (sultān-ābād / soltân-âbâd, “Soltanabad”)
- Arak (a county of Iran, around the city)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic أَرَاك (ʔarāk).
Noun
[edit]اراک • (arāk / arâk) (plural اراکها (arāk-hā / arâk-hâ), or ارک (uruk / orok), or ارائک (arā'ik / arâ'ek), Tajik spelling арок)
- toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) [from 12th c.]
- Synonyms: درختِ مسواک (diraxt-i miswāk / deraxt-e mesvâk, literally “toothbrush tree”), مسواک (miswāk / mesvâk, literally “toothbrush”), (Bandar Abbasi) چوج (čuj), (obsolete) شجرةالسواک (šajaratu-s-siwāk / šajarato-s-sevâk), (rare) سواک (siwāk / sevâk, “Miswak or its wood”), (obsolete) پیلو (pīlū / pilu), (rare) درختِ شور (diraxt-i šōr / deraxt-e šur, “any sour tree”), (rare) درختِ شوره (diraxt-i šōra / deraxt-e šure, “any sour tree”), (obsolete) حمض (hamz, “any sour plant or its fruit”)
- the fruit of the toothbrush tree [from 10th c.]
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Either from Arabic or an alternative form of ارگ (arg, “citadel”).