امتحان

Arabic

Etymology

From the root م ح ن‎ (m-ḥ-n).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /im.ti.ħaːn/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

اِمْتِحَان • (imtiḥān) m (plural اِمْتِحَانَات‎ (imtiḥānāt))

1. verbal noun of اِمْتَحَنَ‎ (imtaḥana) (form VIII)
2. examination

   ‏أُجْرِيَتْ امْتِحَانًاً صَعْبًاً الْيَوْمَ وَآمُلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّتِيجَةُ جَيِّدَةً.‎‎

   I took a difficult exam today, and I hope the result will be good.

3. test

Declension

Declension of noun اِمْتِحَان (imtiḥān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِمْتِحَان imtiḥān	الِامْتِحَان‎ al-imtiḥān	اِمْتِحَان imtiḥān
Nominative	اِمْتِحَانٌ imtiḥānun	الِامْتِحَانُ‎ al-imtiḥānu	اِمْتِحَانُ imtiḥānu
Accusative	اِمْتِحَانًا‎ imtiḥānan	الِامْتِحَانَ‎ al-imtiḥāna	اِمْتِحَانَ imtiḥāna
Genitive	اِمْتِحَانٍ imtiḥānin	الِامْتِحَانِ‎ al-imtiḥāni	اِمْتِحَانِ imtiḥāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِمْتِحَانَيْن‎ imtiḥānayn	الِامْتِحَانَيْن‎ al-imtiḥānayn	اِمْتِحَانَيْ‎ imtiḥānay
Nominative	اِمْتِحَانَانِ‎ imtiḥānāni	الِامْتِحَانَانِ‎ al-imtiḥānāni	اِمْتِحَانَا‎ imtiḥānā
Accusative	اِمْتِحَانَيْنِ‎ imtiḥānayni	الِامْتِحَانَيْنِ‎ al-imtiḥānayni	اِمْتِحَانَيْ‎ imtiḥānay
Genitive	اِمْتِحَانَيْنِ‎ imtiḥānayni	الِامْتِحَانَيْنِ‎ al-imtiḥānayni	اِمْتِحَانَيْ‎ imtiḥānay
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِمْتِحَانَات‎ imtiḥānāt	الِامْتِحَانَات‎ al-imtiḥānāt	اِمْتِحَانَات‎ imtiḥānāt
Nominative	اِمْتِحَانَاتٌ‎ imtiḥānātun	الِامْتِحَانَاتُ‎ al-imtiḥānātu	اِمْتِحَانَاتُ‎ imtiḥānātu
Accusative	اِمْتِحَانَاتٍ‎ imtiḥānātin	الِامْتِحَانَاتِ‎ al-imtiḥānāti	اِمْتِحَانَاتِ‎ imtiḥānāti
Genitive	اِمْتِحَانَاتٍ‎ imtiḥānātin	الِامْتِحَانَاتِ‎ al-imtiḥānāti	اِمْتِحَانَاتِ‎ imtiḥānāti

Descendants

• → Indonesian: imtihan
• → Northern Kurdish: îmtîhan
• → Persian: اِمْتِحان‎ (emtehân)
  • → Azerbaijani: imtahan
  • → Bashkir: имтихан (imtixan)
  • → Bengali: ইমতেহান (imtehan)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: इम्तिहान (imtihān)

    Urdu: اِمْتِحان‎ (imtihān)

    → Phalura: imtihaán

    Sindhi: امتحان/इंटेहन‎ (emtahaañ)

  • → Kazakh: емтихан (emtixan)
  • → Uzbek: imtihon
• → Swahili: mtihani
• → Turkish: imtihan
• → Somali: imtixaan

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic اِمْتِحَان‎ (imtiḥān).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔim.ti.ˈhɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪm.t̪ʰe̞.ɦɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪm.t̪ʰe̞.ɦɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪm.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔim.t̪ʰi.jɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔem.t̪ʰe.ɦɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔim.t̪ʰi.ɦɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	imtihān
Dari reading?	imtehān
Iranian reading?	emtehân
Tajik reading?	imtihon

Noun

Dari	امتحان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	имтиҳон

اِمْتِحان • (emtehân) (plural امتحانات‎ (emtehânât))

1. examination

   ‏امتحان رانندگی‎ ― emtehân-e rânandegi ― driving test

2. trial, test

Derived terms

• امتحان کردن‎ (emtehân kardan, “to test, to trial”)
• امتحان دادن‎ (emtehân dâdan, “to take a test, to take an exam”)
• امتحان گرفتن‎ (emtehân gereftan, “to give out a test”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: imtahan
• → Bashkir: имтихан (imtixan)
• → Bengali: ইমতেহান (imtehan)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: इम्तिहान (imtihān)

  Urdu: اِمْتِحان‎ (imtihān)

  → Phalura: imtihaán

  Sindhi: امتحان/इंटेहन‎ (emtahaañ)

• → Kazakh: емтихан (emtixan)
• → Uzbek: imtihon

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian امتحان‎ (imtihān), from Arabic اِمْتِحَان‎ (imtiḥān).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪm.t̪ɪ.ɦɑːn/, [ɪm.t̪e.ɦɑːn]

• Audio (PK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːn

Noun

اِمْتِحان • (imtiḥān) m (formal plural امتحانات‎, Hindi spelling इम्तिहान)

1. exam, test

   Synonym: پرچہ‎ (parca)

2. trial (difficult period)

Declension

Declension of امتحان
	singular	plural
direct	امتحان (imtiḥān)	امتحان (imtiḥān)
oblique	امتحان (imtiḥān)	امتحانوں‎ (imtiḥānō̃)
vocative	امتحان (imtiḥān)	امتحانو‎ (imtiḥānō)

References

• “امتحان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “امتحان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu امتحان‎ (imtihān).

Noun

امتحان (imtihān)

1. exam, test
2. trial