تار

See also: باژ, باز, تاز, بار, پار, ثأر, and ثار

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَار (tār), from Proto-Iranian *tánθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tántram, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [taːr]

Noun

تار • (tār) f

1. string; cord
2. (music) cord, wire (of an instrument)

Khalaj

Adjective

تار (târ)

1. Arabic spelling of târ (“narrow, tight”)

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈtaːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔɾ]

• Rhymes: -aːr

Readings
Classical reading?	tār
Dari reading?	tār
Iranian reading?	târ
Tajik reading?	tor

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *temH-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *témHos

Proto-Indo-European *-rós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *támHsram

Persian تار

From Middle Persian 𐭲𐭠𐭥 (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), from Proto-Iranian *támHsram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *támHsram, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.

Cognate to Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Pashto تور (tor, “black”), Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Latin tenebrae.

Adjective

تار • (târ)

1. dark; obscure; dim

   هوای تار ― havâ-ye târ ― dark sky; dark weather

2. bleary; dim
3. faint; unclear

Related terms

• تاریک (târik)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *tánθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tántram, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”), Northern Luri تال (tal); see there for further information. Cognate to Sanskrit तन्त्र (tantra).

Noun

تار • (târ) (plural تارها)

1. string; cord

   Synonym: رشته (rešte)

2. warp

   Coordinate term: پود (pud)

3. tar (a classical musical instrument of Persia)

Derived terms

• تار عنکبوت (târ-e ankabut, “spiderweb”)
• تار و پود (târ o pud, “warp and weft; basic structure”)

Descendants

• → Armenian: թառ (tʻaṙ)
• → Assamese: তাৰ (tar)
• → Bengali: তার (tar)
• → English: tar
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: तार (tār)

  Urdu: تار (tār)

• → Marathi: तार (tār)
• → Northern Luri: تال (tal)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਤਾਰ (tār)

  Shahmukhi script: تار (tār)

• → Sindhi: تارَ (tāra)
• → Uyghur: تار (tar)

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تار (tār).

Pronunciation

(Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /t̪äːɾ/, [t̪äːɾ(ə̆)]

Noun

تار • (tār) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਾਰ)

1. wire, cable, line, string
2. string of a musical instrument

References

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “تار”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz], page 712
• “تار”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تار (tār).

Noun

تارَ • (tāra) f (Devanagari तार)

1. wire, chord, string, thread
2. string of a musical instrument

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “تارَ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ, page 430
• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “تارَ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society, page 85
• Stack, George (1849), “तार”, in A dictionary, English and Sindhi, American Mission Press, page 226
• Sindhi Language Authority (2026), “تار”, in Online Sindhi Dictionaries‎^[1]

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت و ر
1 term

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic ثَارَ (ṯāra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taːr/, [tɑːrˤ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

تار • (tār) I (present بتور (bitūr))

1. to rebel, to revolt

Conjugation

Conjugation of تار

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ترت (turt)	ترت (turt)	تار (tār)		ترنا (turna)	ترتو (turtu)	تارو (tāru)
	f		ترتي (turti)	تارت (tārat)
present	m	بتور (batūr)	بتتور (bittūr)	بتور (bitūr)		منتور (mintūr)	بتتورو (bittūru)	بيتورو (bitūru)
	f		بتتوري (bittūri)	بتتور (bittūr)
subjunctive	m	اتور (atūr)	تتور (ttūr)	يتور (ytūr)		نتور (ntūr)	تتورو (ttūru)	يتورو (ytūru)
	f		تتوري (ttūri)	تتور (ttūr)
imperative	m		تور (tūr)				تورو (tūru)
	f		توري (tūri)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَار (tār). First attested in c. 1657 as Middle Hindi تار (tar /⁠tār⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑːɾ/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɾ

Noun

تار • (tār) m

1. cord, wire
2. (technology) cable
3. (dated sense) telegraph
4. string, thread
5. (music) cord, wire (of an instrument)

Declension

Declension of تار

	singular	plural
direct	تار (tār)	تار (tār)
oblique	تار (tār)	تاروں (tārõ)
vocative	تار (tār)	تارو (tāro)

Further reading

• “تار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024), “تار”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]

Uyghur

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑr/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *tār. Cognates with Turkish dar.

Adjective

تار • (tar)

1. narrow, cramped
2. tight, taut

Etymology 2

From Persian تار (târ)

Noun

تار • (tar) (plural تارلار (tarlar))

1. string, cord

Further reading

• Schwarz, Henry G. (1992), An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN, page 156