تمساح

Arabic

Etymology

From Coptic ⲙⲥⲁϩ (msah), from Egyptian mzḥ (“crocodile”). Perhaps with the singular feminine definite article ⲧⲉ- (te-), though ⲙⲥⲁϩ (msah) is a masculine noun.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tim.saːħ/

Noun

تِمْسَاح • (timsāḥ) m (plural تَمَاسِيح (tamāsīḥ))

1. crocodile, alligator
2. (slang, Egypt) one of the 1976–84 models of a Mercedes Benz

Declension

Declension of noun تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تِمْسَاح timsāḥ	التِّمْسَاح at-timsāḥ	تِمْسَاح timsāḥ
nominative	تِمْسَاحٌ timsāḥun	التِّمْسَاحُ at-timsāḥu	تِمْسَاحُ timsāḥu
accusative	تِمْسَاحًا timsāḥan	التِّمْسَاحَ at-timsāḥa	تِمْسَاحَ timsāḥa
genitive	تِمْسَاحٍ timsāḥin	التِّمْسَاحِ at-timsāḥi	تِمْسَاحِ timsāḥi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تِمْسَاحَيْن timsāḥayn	التِّمْسَاحَيْن at-timsāḥayn	تِمْسَاحَيْ timsāḥay
nominative	تِمْسَاحَانِ timsāḥāni	التِّمْسَاحَانِ at-timsāḥāni	تِمْسَاحَا timsāḥā
accusative	تِمْسَاحَيْنِ timsāḥayni	التِّمْسَاحَيْنِ at-timsāḥayni	تِمْسَاحَيْ timsāḥay
genitive	تِمْسَاحَيْنِ timsāḥayni	التِّمْسَاحَيْنِ at-timsāḥayni	تِمْسَاحَيْ timsāḥay
plural	basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَمَاسِيح tamāsīḥ	التَّمَاسِيح at-tamāsīḥ	تَمَاسِيح tamāsīḥ
nominative	تَمَاسِيحُ tamāsīḥu	التَّمَاسِيحُ at-tamāsīḥu	تَمَاسِيحُ tamāsīḥu
accusative	تَمَاسِيحَ tamāsīḥa	التَّمَاسِيحَ at-tamāsīḥa	تَمَاسِيحَ tamāsīḥa
genitive	تَمَاسِيحَ tamāsīḥa	التَّمَاسِيحِ at-tamāsīḥi	تَمَاسِيحِ tamāsīḥi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: timsah
• → Central Kurdish: تیمساح (tîmsaḧ)
• → Ottoman Turkish: تمساح (timsah)
  • Turkish: timsah
  • Crimean Tatar: timsah
• → Hebrew: תמסח (timsakh)
• → Uyghur: تىمساھ (timsah)
• → Uzbek: timsoh
• → Zaghawa: timsa

Chadian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ), from Coptic ⲙⲥⲁϩ (msah), from Egyptian mzḥ (“crocodile”).

Noun

تمساح • (tumsāh) m (plural تماسيح (tamāsih))

1. crocodile

References

• Heath, Judith; Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021), Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎^[1] (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 146

Ottoman Turkish

تمساح

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ, “crocodile, alligator”).

Noun

تمساح • (timsah) (plural تماسیح (temasih))

1. crocodile, alligator any of various large reptiles in the order Crocodilia

   Synonym: نهنگ (neheng)

Derived terms

• تمساحیه (timsahiye, “crocodilian”)

Descendants

• Turkish: timsah
• Crimean Tatar: timsah

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “timsah”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4828
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “تمساح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 402
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Crocodillus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 303
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “تمساح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1390
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “timsah”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “تمساح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 593

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /tim.ˈsaːh/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪm.sɑːʱ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪm.sɑːʱ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɪm.sɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰim.sɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰem.sɒːʱ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰim.sɔʱ]

Readings
Classical reading?	timsāh
Dari reading?	timsāh
Iranian reading?	temsâh
Tajik reading?	timsoh

Noun

Dari	تمساح
Iranian Persian
Tajik	тимсоҳ

تمساح • (temsâh) (plural تمساح‌ها (temsâh-hâ))

1. alligator
2. crocodile

   Synonym: کروکودیل (kerokodil)

Declension

Basic forms of تمساح

	singular	plural
bare	تمساح (temsâh)	تمساح‌ها، تمساحا△ (temsâh-hấ, temsâhấ△)
definitive direct object	تمساح را، تمساح رو△ (temsâh râ, temsâho△)	تمساح‌ها را، تمساحا رو△ (temsâh-hấ râ, temsâhấ ro△)
ezâfe	تمساح (temsâh-e)	تمساح‌های، تمساحای△ (temsâh-hấ-ye, temsâhấ-ye△)
marked indefinite or relative definite	تمساحی (temsâh-i)	تمساح‌هایی، تمساحایی△ (temsâhấn-i, temsâh-hấ-i, temsâhấi△)

^△ Colloquial.

Possessive forms of تمساح

	singular	plural
1st person singular (“my”)	تمساحم (temsâham)	تمساح‌هایم، تمساح‌هام، تمساحام△ (temsâh-hấyam, temsâhấm△)
2nd person singular (“your”)	تمساحت (temsâhat, temsâhet△)	تمساح‌هایت، تمساح‌هات، تمساحات△ (temsâh-hấyat, temsâhất△)
3rd person singular (“his, her, its”)	تمساحش (temsâhaš, temsâheš△)	تمساح‌هایش، تمساح‌هاش، تمساحاش△ (temsâh-hấyaš, temsâhấš△)
1st person plural (“our”)	تمساحمان، تمساحمون△ (temsâhemân, temsâhemun△)	تمساح‌هایمان، تمساح‌هامون، تمساحامون△ (temsâh-hấyemân, temsâhấmun△)
2nd person plural (“your”)	تمساحتان، تمساحتون△ (temsâhetân, temsâhetun△)	تمساح‌هایتان، تمساح‌هاتون، تمساحاتون△ (temsâh-hấyetân, temsâhấtun△)
3rd person plural (“their”)	تمساحشان، تمساحشون△ (temsâhešân, temsâhešun△)	تمساح‌هایشان، تمساح‌هاشون، تمساحاشون△ (temsâh-hấyešân, temsâhấšun△)

^△ Colloquial.

Predicative forms of تمساح (temsâh)

	singular	plural
1st person (“I am, we are”)	تمساحم (temsâham)	تمساحیم (temsâhim)
2nd person (“you are”)	تمساحی (temsâhi)	تمساحید، تمساحین△ (temsâhid, temsâhin△)
3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”)	تمساح است، تمساحه△ (temsâh ast, temsâhe△)	تمساحند، تمساحن△ (temsâhand, temsâhan△)

^△ Colloquial.

South Levantine Arabic

Alternative forms

• تمسيح (tamsīḥ)

Etymology

From Arabic تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tim.saːħ/, [tɪmˈsæːħ]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

تمساح • (timsāḥ) m (plural تماسيح (tamāsīḥ))

1. crocodile
2. alligator