تنور

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ن و ر (n w r)
18 terms

Mediopassive of نَوَّرَ (nawwara, “to light”), from نُور (nūr, “light”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.naw.wa.ra/

Verb

تَنَوَّرَ • (tanawwara) V (non-past يَتَنَوَّرُ (yatanawwaru), verbal noun تَنَوُّر (tanawwur))

1. to be lit, to be illuminated
2. to receive enlightenment, to be enlightened

Conjugation

Conjugation of تَنَوَّرَ (V, sound, no passive (?), verbal noun تَنَوُّر)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَنَوُّر tanawwur
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُتَنَوِّر mutanawwir
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	تَنَوَّرْتُ tanawwartu	تَنَوَّرْتَ tanawwarta	تَنَوَّرَ tanawwara		تَنَوَّرْنَا tanawwarnā	تَنَوَّرْتُمَا tanawwartumā	تَنَوَّرَا tanawwarā		تَنَوَّرْنَا tanawwarnā	تَنَوَّرْتُمْ tanawwartum	تَنَوَّرُوا tanawwarū
	f		تَنَوَّرْتِ tanawwarti	تَنَوَّرَتْ tanawwarat				تَنَوَّرَتَا tanawwaratā			تَنَوَّرْتُنَّ tanawwartunna	تَنَوَّرْنَ tanawwarna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَتَنَوَّرُ ʔatanawwaru	تَتَنَوَّرُ tatanawwaru	يَتَنَوَّرُ yatanawwaru		نَتَنَوَّرُ natanawwaru	تَتَنَوَّرَانِ tatanawwarāni	يَتَنَوَّرَانِ yatanawwarāni		نَتَنَوَّرُ natanawwaru	تَتَنَوَّرُونَ tatanawwarūna	يَتَنَوَّرُونَ yatanawwarūna
	f		تَتَنَوَّرِينَ tatanawwarīna	تَتَنَوَّرُ tatanawwaru				تَتَنَوَّرَانِ tatanawwarāni			تَتَنَوَّرْنَ tatanawwarna	يَتَنَوَّرْنَ yatanawwarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتَنَوَّرَ ʔatanawwara	تَتَنَوَّرَ tatanawwara	يَتَنَوَّرَ yatanawwara		نَتَنَوَّرَ natanawwara	تَتَنَوَّرَا tatanawwarā	يَتَنَوَّرَا yatanawwarā		نَتَنَوَّرَ natanawwara	تَتَنَوَّرُوا tatanawwarū	يَتَنَوَّرُوا yatanawwarū
	f		تَتَنَوَّرِي tatanawwarī	تَتَنَوَّرَ tatanawwara				تَتَنَوَّرَا tatanawwarā			تَتَنَوَّرْنَ tatanawwarna	يَتَنَوَّرْنَ yatanawwarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتَنَوَّرْ ʔatanawwar	تَتَنَوَّرْ tatanawwar	يَتَنَوَّرْ yatanawwar		نَتَنَوَّرْ natanawwar	تَتَنَوَّرَا tatanawwarā	يَتَنَوَّرَا yatanawwarā		نَتَنَوَّرْ natanawwar	تَتَنَوَّرُوا tatanawwarū	يَتَنَوَّرُوا yatanawwarū
	f		تَتَنَوَّرِي tatanawwarī	تَتَنَوَّرْ tatanawwar				تَتَنَوَّرَا tatanawwarā			تَتَنَوَّرْنَ tatanawwarna	يَتَنَوَّرْنَ yatanawwarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تَنَوَّرْ tanawwar				تَنَوَّرَا tanawwarā				تَنَوَّرُوا tanawwarū
	f		تَنَوَّرِي tanawwarī								تَنَوَّرْنَ tanawwarna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.naw.wur/

Noun

تَنَوُّر • (tanawwur) m

1. verbal noun of تَنَوَّرَ (tanawwara) (form V)
2. illumination, enlightenment

Declension

Declension of noun تَنَوُّر (tanawwur)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَنَوُّر tanawwur	التَّنَوُّر at-tanawwur	تَنَوُّر tanawwur
nominative	تَنَوُّرٌ tanawwurun	التَّنَوُّرُ at-tanawwuru	تَنَوُّرُ tanawwuru
accusative	تَنَوُّرًا tanawwuran	التَّنَوُّرَ at-tanawwura	تَنَوُّرَ tanawwura
genitive	تَنَوُّرٍ tanawwurin	التَّنَوُّرِ at-tanawwuri	تَنَوُّرِ tanawwuri

Etymology 1.3

Verb

تنور (form II)

1. تُنَوِّرُ (tunawwiru) /tu.naw.wi.ru/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative
2. تُنَوَّرُ (tunawwaru) /tu.naw.wa.ru/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive indicative
3. تُنَوِّرَ (tunawwira) /tu.naw.wi.ra/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive
4. تُنَوَّرَ (tunawwara) /tu.naw.wa.ra/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive
5. تُنَوِّرْ (tunawwir) /tu.naw.wir/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive
6. تُنَوَّرْ (tunawwar) /tu.naw.war/: inflection of نَوَّرَ (nawwara):
   1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive
   2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Akkadian 𒋾𒂟bor.

Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/)bor.

Aramaic תַּנּוּרַאbor.

▲

Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/)bor.

Classical Syriac ܬܰܢܽܘܪܳܐ (tannūrā)bor.

Arabic تنور

Borrowed from Aramaic תַּנּוּרַא / ܬܰܢܽܘܪܳܐ (tannūrā), from Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/, “oven”) from which also Hebrew תַּנּוּר (tanúr, “oven”), from Akkadian 𒋾𒂟 (tinūru).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tan.nuːr/

Noun

تَنُّور • (tannūr) m (plural تَنَانِير (tanānīr))

1. tandoor
2. oven, furnace, kiln

   Synonyms: فُرْن (furn), كُور (kūr), أَتُّون (ʔattūn)

3. cook stove

Declension

Declension of noun تَنُّور (tannūr)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَنُّور tannūr	التَّنُّور at-tannūr	تَنُّور tannūr
nominative	تَنُّورٌ tannūrun	التَّنُّورُ at-tannūru	تَنُّورُ tannūru
accusative	تَنُّورًا tannūran	التَّنُّورَ at-tannūra	تَنُّورَ tannūra
genitive	تَنُّورٍ tannūrin	التَّنُّورِ at-tannūri	تَنُّورِ tannūri
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَنُّورَيْن tannūrayn	التَّنُّورَيْن at-tannūrayn	تَنُّورَيْ tannūray
nominative	تَنُّورَانِ tannūrāni	التَّنُّورَانِ at-tannūrāni	تَنُّورَا tannūrā
accusative	تَنُّورَيْنِ tannūrayni	التَّنُّورَيْنِ at-tannūrayni	تَنُّورَيْ tannūray
genitive	تَنُّورَيْنِ tannūrayni	التَّنُّورَيْنِ at-tannūrayni	تَنُّورَيْ tannūray
plural	basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تَنَانِير tanānīr	التَّنَانِير at-tanānīr	تَنَانِير tanānīr
nominative	تَنَانِيرُ tanānīru	التَّنَانِيرُ at-tanānīru	تَنَانِيرُ tanānīru
accusative	تَنَانِيرَ tanānīra	التَّنَانِيرَ at-tanānīra	تَنَانِيرَ tanānīra
genitive	تَنَانِيرَ tanānīra	التَّنَانِيرِ at-tanānīri	تَنَانِيرِ tanānīri

Descendants

• Yemeni Arabic: تنور (tannūr)
• → Catalan: atanor
• → English: athanor
• → French: athanor
• → Italian: atanor
• → Sicilian: tannura
• → Serbo-Croatian: tanjir
• → Spanish: atanor
• → Swahili: tanuri
• → Ottoman Turkish: تنور
  • Turkish: tandır

References

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 26

Khalaj

Noun

تَُنّور (tunnûr) (definite accusative تَُنّوروُ, plural تَُنّورلار)

1. Arabic spelling of tunnûr (“backing oven”)

Declension

Declension of تنور

	singular	plural
nominative	تنور	تنورلار
genitive	تنورؽݧ	تنورلارؽݧ
dative	تنورقا	تنورلارقا
definite accusative	تنورؽ	تنورلارؽ
locative	تنورچا	تنورلارچا
ablative	تنوردا	تنورلاردا
instrumental	تنورلا	تنورلارلا
equative	تنورواره	تنورلارواره

Pashto

Etymology

Compare Middle Persian 𐫤𐫗𐫇𐫡 (tnwr /⁠tanūr⁠/, “oven”), Sogdian [script needed] (tnʾwr /⁠tanūr⁠/, “furnace, oven”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /təˈnur/, [t̪ə.núɾ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

تنور • (tənúr) m

1. oven

Declension

Declension of تنور

	singular	plural
direct	تنور (tənur)	تنرۀ (tənrë)
oblique	تنور (tənur)	تنرو (tənro)
vocative	تنوره (tənura)	تنرو (tənro)

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Akkadian 𒋾𒂟bor.

Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/)

Persian تنور

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (tnwl), 𐫤𐫗𐫇𐫡 (tnwr /⁠tanūr⁠/, “oven”). Compare Sogdian [script needed] (tnʾwr /⁠tanūr⁠/, “furnace, oven”), Old Armenian թոնիր (tʻonir), Georgian თონე (tone), Northern Kurdish tendûr, Turkish tandır, Classical Syriac ܬܰܢܽܘܪܳܐ (tannūrā). From Akkadian 𒋾𒂟 (tinūru).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /tan.ˈnuːr/, /ta.ˈnuːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰän.núːɾ], [t̪ʰä.núːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰän.núːɾ], [t̪ʰä.núːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰän.núːɾ], [t̪ʰä.núːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰän.núɾ], [t̪ʰä.núɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæn.núːɹ], [t̪ʰæ.núːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰän.núɾ], [t̪ʰä.núɾ]

• Rhymes: -uːr

Readings
Classical reading?	tannūr, tanūr
Dari reading?	tannūr, tanūr
Iranian reading?	tannur, tanur
Tajik reading?	tannur, tanur

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

تنور • (tanūr, tannūr / tanur, tannur) (Tajik spelling танӯр)

1. tandoor
2. oven
3. furnace
4. kiln

Descendants

• → Khalaj: tunnûr

From Classical Persian تُنْدُور (tundūr)

• → Azerbaijani: təndir
• → Bengali: তন্দুর (tondur)
• → Chagatai: تنور (tnwr /⁠tänūr⁠/), تندور (tndwr /⁠tändūr⁠/)
  • Uyghur: تونۇر (tonur)
  • Uzbek: tandir
• → Hindi: तंदूर (tandūr), तनूर (tanūr), तन्दूर (tandūr)
  • → English: tandoor
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਤੰਦੂਰ (tandūr)

  Shahmukhi script: تندور

• → Kazakh: тандыр (tandır)
• → Kyrgyz: тандыр (tandır), дандыр (dandır)
• → Sindhi: تَنُورُ (tanūru), تَندُورُ (tandūru)
• → Turkmen: tamdyr
• → Urdu: تندور (tandūr)

Sindhi

Alternative forms

• تَندُورُ (tandūru)

Etymology

From Classical Persian تنور (tan(n)ūr), from Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/, “oven”), ultimately from Akkadian 𒋾𒂟 (tinūru, “clay oven”). Compare Hindi तनूर (tanūr).

Noun

تَنُورُ • (tanūru) m (Devanagari तनूरु)

1. oven

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “تَنورُ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ, page 473
• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “تَنۇرُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society, page 98
• Stack, George (1849), “तनूरु”, in A dictionary, English and Sindhi, American Mission Press, page 115
• “تنور”, in हिंदी-सिंधी-अंग्रेज़ी त्रिभाषा कोश (hindī-sindhī-aṅgrezī tribhāṣā koś) [Hindi-Sindhi-English Trilingual Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Hindi), volume 1, केंद्रीय हिंदी निदेशालय [Central Hindi Directorate], 1989, page 832
• Sindhi Language Authority (2026), “تنور”, in Online Sindhi Dictionaries‎^[2]

Urdu

Noun

تنور • (tanūr) m (Hindi spelling तनूर)

1. alternative form of تندور (tandūr)

Yemeni Arabic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Akkadian 𒋾𒂟bor.

Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/)bor.

Aramaic תַּנּוּרַאbor.

▲

Middle Persian [script needed] (tnwl /⁠tanūr⁠/)bor.

Classical Syriac ܬܰܢܽܘܪܳܐ (tannūrā)bor.

Arabic تَنُّور (tannūr)

Yemeni Arabic تنور

Inherited from Arabic تَنُّور (tannūr).

Noun

تنور (tannūr) m (plural تَنَاْنِيْر (tanānīr))

1. oven

   Synonym: (clay oven) مَاْفِي (māfī)

Further reading

• “تنور” in The Living Arabic Project.