جاسوس
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܓܳܫܽܘܫܳܐ (gāšōšā), falling in line with the native root ج س س (j s s). Compare Hebrew גשש (gašáš).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]جَاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (plural جَوَاسِيس (jawāsīs))
Declension
[edit]| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | جَاسُوس jāsūs |
الْجَاسُوس al-jāsūs |
جَاسُوس jāsūs |
| nominative | جَاسُوسٌ jāsūsun |
الْجَاسُوسُ al-jāsūsu |
جَاسُوسُ jāsūsu |
| accusative | جَاسُوسًا jāsūsan |
الْجَاسُوسَ al-jāsūsa |
جَاسُوسَ jāsūsa |
| genitive | جَاسُوسٍ jāsūsin |
الْجَاسُوسِ al-jāsūsi |
جَاسُوسِ jāsūsi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | جَاسُوسَيْن jāsūsayn |
الْجَاسُوسَيْن al-jāsūsayn |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
| nominative | جَاسُوسَانِ jāsūsāni |
الْجَاسُوسَانِ al-jāsūsāni |
جَاسُوسَا jāsūsā |
| accusative | جَاسُوسَيْنِ jāsūsayni |
الْجَاسُوسَيْنِ al-jāsūsayni |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
| genitive | جَاسُوسَيْنِ jāsūsayni |
الْجَاسُوسَيْنِ al-jāsūsayni |
جَاسُوسَيْ jāsūsay |
| plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | جَوَاسِيس jawāsīs |
الْجَوَاسِيس al-jawāsīs |
جَوَاسِيس jawāsīs |
| nominative | جَوَاسِيسُ jawāsīsu |
الْجَوَاسِيسُ al-jawāsīsu |
جَوَاسِيسُ jawāsīsu |
| accusative | جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
الْجَوَاسِيسَ al-jawāsīsa |
جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
| genitive | جَوَاسِيسَ jawāsīsa |
الْجَوَاسِيسِ al-jawāsīsi |
جَوَاسِيسِ jawāsīsi |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: ջասուս (ǰasus)
- → Azerbaijani: casus
- → Chagatai: جاسوس (jāsws)
- → Classical Persian: جَاسُوس (jāsūs)
- → Northern Kurdish: casûs
- → Ottoman Turkish: جاسوس (câsûs)
- → Swahili: jasusi
- → Turkmen: jansyz
- → Zazaki: casus
References
[edit]- “جاسوس” in Almaany
- “gšwš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 243
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “جاسوس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 277
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “جاسوس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 423.
- Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009), “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 176
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /d͡ʒaː.ˈsuːs/
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɒː.súːs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɔ.sús]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | jāsūs |
| Dari reading? | jāsūs |
| Iranian reading? | jâsus |
| Tajik reading? | josus |
Noun
[edit]| Dari | جاسوس |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | ҷосус |
جاسوس • (jâsus) (plural جواسیس (javâsis), or جاسوسان)
- spy
- c. 1670, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 74”, in دیوان [Dīvān][2]:
- نیست از رازِ نهانِ من خبر جاسوس را
نبضِ من بندِ زبان گردید جالینوس را- nēst az rāz-i nahān-i man xabar jasūs rā
nabz-i man band-i zabān gardīd jālīnūs rā - The spy has no news of my hidden secret;
My pulse has closed its mouth to Galen.
- nēst az rāz-i nahān-i man xabar jasūs rā
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Dari: جَاسُوس (jāsūs)
- Iranian Persian: جاسوس (jâsus)
- Tajik: ҷосус (josus)
- → Gujarati: જાસૂસ (jāsūs)
- → Hindustani:
- → Punjabi:
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian جاسوس (jāsūs), from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs), from Classical Syriac ܓܫܘܫܐ (gāšōšā).
Noun
[edit]جاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (Hindi spelling जासूस)
- spy
- داؤد اورنگ آبادی (Dāud Auraṅgābādī):
- دل میں خیالِ یار ہے جاسوس کی نمط
رکھتا ہوں اس کوں ننگ سوں ناموس کی نمط- dil mẽ xayāl-e-yār hai jāsūs kī namat
rakhtā hū̃ is kū̃ naṅg sū̃ nāmūs kī namat
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- dil mẽ xayāl-e-yār hai jāsūs kī namat
- دل میں خیالِ یار ہے جاسوس کی نمط
- detective
Declension
[edit]Categories:
- Arabic terms borrowed from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج س س
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- ar:Occupations
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ج س س
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations
- fa:Occupations
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ج س س
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu terms with quotations
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns
- ur:Occupations