جهنم
Appearance
See also: جہنم
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Aramaic גֵּיהִנָּם (gēhinnām), from גֵּיא בֶן הִנֹּם (gē ḇen hinnōm, “valley of the son of Hinom”). The vocalization suggests that it may have been borrowed via Ge'ez ገሀነም (gähännäm).
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]جَهَنَّم • (jahannam) f
- (Islam, Christianity) hell, Gehenna
Declension
[edit]singular | basic singular diptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | — | جَهَنَّم jahannam |
— |
nominative | — | جَهَنَّمُ jahannamu |
— |
accusative | — | جَهَنَّمَ jahannama |
— |
genitive | — | جَهَنَّمَ jahannama |
— |
Related terms
[edit]- جَهَنَّمِيّ (jahannamiyy)
Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: ջանդամ (ǰandam), ջհանդամ (ǰhandam), ջահանդամ (ǰahandam), ջհաննամ (ǰhannam), ջայնամ (ǰaynam), ջահնամ (ǰahnam)
- → Bashkir: йәһәннәм (yəhənnəm)
- → English: Jahannam
- → Karaim: джаханам (cahanam)
- → Kazakh: жаһаннам (jahannam)
- → Malay: jahanam
- → Old Anatolian Turkish: جهنم (cehennem)
- → Classical Persian: جَهَنَّم (jahannam)
- → Swahili: jahanamu
- → Tabasaran: жегьеннем (žehennem)
- → Turkmen: jähennem
References
[edit]- Jonas Meyer (1901) Die Hölle im Islam[1] (in German), Basel: Fr. Reinhardt, Universitäts-Buchdruckerei
Old Anatolian Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gehinóm, “Gehenna”), from גַּיא בֶּן הִנֹּם (Ge ben Hinnom, “Valley of Hinnom”).
Noun
[edit]جَهَنَّمْ • (cehennem)
- (Islam) hell, inferno, Jahannam; a place of torment where some or all sinners are believed to go after death and evil spirits are believed to be.
Derived terms
[edit]- جهنم اودی (cehennem odı, “hellfire”)
Descendants
[edit]Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish جهنم (cehennem), from Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gehinóm, “Gehenna”), from גַּיא בֶּן הִנֹּם (Ge ben Hinnom, “Valley of Hinnom”).
Noun
[edit]جهنم • (cehennem)
Derived terms
[edit]- جهنم طاشی (cehennem taşı, “lunar caustic”)
- جهنم كوتوكی (cehennem kütüğü, “a hardened sinner”)
- جهنملك (cehennemlik, “place like hell; one who is destined to hell”)
- جهنملی (cehennemli, “hellish, damned”)
- جهنمی (cehennemî, “hellish, damned”)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: cehennem
- → Abkhaz: џьаҳаным (džaḥanəm)
- → Bulgarian: дженде́м (džendém), джанде́м (džandém)
- → Gagauz: cendem
- → Macedonian: џенем (dženem)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
Further reading
[edit]click to expand
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “cehennem”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 768
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “جهنم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[2], Vienna: F. Beck, page 193a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جهنم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 453
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Infernus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 795
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “جهنم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 1695
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “cehennem”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “جهنم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 694
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), borrowed from Aramaic גֵּיהִנָּם.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [d͡ʒa.han.ˈnam]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒæ.ɦæn.nǽm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒä.ɦän.nǽm]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | jahannam |
Dari reading? | jahannam |
Iranian reading? | jahannam |
Tajik reading? | jahannam |
Noun
[edit]Dari | جهنم |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | ҷаҳаннам |
جَهَنَّم • (jahannam)
Descendants
[edit]Categories:
- Arabic terms derived from Ge'ez
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms borrowed from Ge'ez
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic proper nouns
- Arabic feminine terms lacking feminine ending
- Arabic feminine nouns
- ar:Islam
- ar:Christianity
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote singular
- Arabic definite nouns
- Old Anatolian Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Old Anatolian Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Old Anatolian Turkish terms derived from Hebrew
- Old Anatolian Turkish lemmas
- Old Anatolian Turkish nouns
- trk-oat:Islam
- Old Anatolian Turkish terms with usage examples
- Ottoman Turkish terms inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Hebrew
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Islam
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Ge'ez
- Persian terms derived from Aramaic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Islam