حرب

See also: ح ر ب‎

Arabic

Root
ح ر ب‎ (ḥ-r-b)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew חֶרֶב‎ (ḥɛ́rɛḇ, “sword”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħa.ri.ba/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

حَرِبَ • (ḥariba) I, non-past يَحْرَبُ‎‎ (yaḥrabu)

1. to be enraged, to be furious, to be angry

Conjugation

Conjugation of

حَرِبَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun حَرَب)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَرَب ḥarab
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَارِب‎ ḥārib
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَرِبْتُ‎ ḥaribtu	حَرِبْتَ‎ ḥaribta	حَرِبَ ḥariba		حَرِبْتُمَا‎ ḥaribtumā	حَرِبَا‎ ḥaribā		حَرِبْنَا‎ ḥaribnā	حَرِبْتُمْ‎ ḥaribtum	حَرِبُوا‎ ḥaribū
	f		حَرِبْتِ‎ ḥaribti	حَرِبَتْ‎ ḥaribat			حَرِبَتَا‎ ḥaribatā			حَرِبْتُنَّ‎ ḥaribtunna	حَرِبْنَ‎ ḥaribna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحْرَبُ‎ ʔaḥrabu	تَحْرَبُ‎ taḥrabu	يَحْرَبُ‎ yaḥrabu		تَحْرَبَانِ‎ taḥrabāni	يَحْرَبَانِ‎ yaḥrabāni		نَحْرَبُ‎ naḥrabu	تَحْرَبُونَ‎ taḥrabūna	يَحْرَبُونَ‎ yaḥrabūna
	f		تَحْرَبِينَ‎ taḥrabīna	تَحْرَبُ‎ taḥrabu			تَحْرَبَانِ‎ taḥrabāni			تَحْرَبْنَ‎ taḥrabna	يَحْرَبْنَ‎ yaḥrabna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحْرَبَ‎ ʔaḥraba	تَحْرَبَ‎ taḥraba	يَحْرَبَ‎ yaḥraba		تَحْرَبَا‎ taḥrabā	يَحْرَبَا‎ yaḥrabā		نَحْرَبَ‎ naḥraba	تَحْرَبُوا‎ taḥrabū	يَحْرَبُوا‎ yaḥrabū
	f		تَحْرَبِي‎ taḥrabī	تَحْرَبَ‎ taḥraba			تَحْرَبَا‎ taḥrabā			تَحْرَبْنَ‎ taḥrabna	يَحْرَبْنَ‎ yaḥrabna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحْرَبْ‎ ʔaḥrab	تَحْرَبْ‎ taḥrab	يَحْرَبْ‎ yaḥrab		تَحْرَبَا‎ taḥrabā	يَحْرَبَا‎ yaḥrabā		نَحْرَبْ‎ naḥrab	تَحْرَبُوا‎ taḥrabū	يَحْرَبُوا‎ yaḥrabū
	f		تَحْرَبِي‎ taḥrabī	تَحْرَبْ‎ taḥrab			تَحْرَبَا‎ taḥrabā			تَحْرَبْنَ‎ taḥrabna	يَحْرَبْنَ‎ yaḥrabna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِحْرَبْ‎ iḥrab			اِحْرَبَا‎ iḥrabā				اِحْرَبُوا‎ iḥrabū
	f		اِحْرَبِي‎ iḥrabī							اِحْرَبْنَ‎ iḥrabna

Etymology 2

From Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Feminine because it meant a tool in Proto-Semitic, namely a blade.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħarb/

Noun

حَرْب • (ḥarb) f (plural حُرُوب‎ (ḥurūb)) (countable and uncountable)

1. war
2. warfare

Declension

Declension of noun حَرْب (ḥarb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَرْب ḥarb	الْحَرْب‎ al-ḥarb	حَرْب ḥarb
Nominative	حَرْبٌ ḥarbun	الْحَرْبُ‎ al-ḥarbu	حَرْبُ ḥarbu
Accusative	حَرْبًا‎ ḥarban	الْحَرْبَ‎ al-ḥarba	حَرْبَ ḥarba
Genitive	حَرْبٍ ḥarbin	الْحَرْبِ‎ al-ḥarbi	حَرْبِ ḥarbi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَرْبَيْن‎ ḥarbayn	الْحَرْبَيْن‎ al-ḥarbayn	حَرْبَيْ‎ ḥarbay
Nominative	حَرْبَانِ‎ ḥarbāni	الْحَرْبَانِ‎ al-ḥarbāni	حَرْبَا‎ ḥarbā
Accusative	حَرْبَيْنِ‎ ḥarbayni	الْحَرْبَيْنِ‎ al-ḥarbayni	حَرْبَيْ‎ ḥarbay
Genitive	حَرْبَيْنِ‎ ḥarbayni	الْحَرْبَيْنِ‎ al-ḥarbayni	حَرْبَيْ‎ ḥarbay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حُرُوب‎ ḥurūb	الْحُرُوب‎ al-ḥurūb	حُرُوب‎ ḥurūb
Nominative	حُرُوبٌ‎ ḥurūbun	الْحُرُوبُ‎ al-ḥurūbu	حُرُوبُ‎ ḥurūbu
Accusative	حُرُوبًا‎ ḥurūban	الْحُرُوبَ‎ al-ḥurūba	حُرُوبَ‎ ḥurūba
Genitive	حُرُوبٍ‎ ḥurūbin	الْحُرُوبِ‎ al-ḥurūbi	حُرُوبِ‎ ḥurūbi

Antonyms

• سِلْم‎ (silm), سَلَام‎ (salām)

Derived terms

• حَرْبِيّ‎ (ḥarbiyy, adjective)

Descendants

• → Armenian: հարբ (harb), ⇒ հարբ ու զարբ (harb u zarb, “threat”)
• → Azerbaijani: hərb
• → Persian: حرب‎ (harb)
• → Harari: ሓርቢ (ḥarbi)
• → Sebat Bet Gurage: ሓርቭ (arəḇ)
• → Tigre: ሓርብ (ḥarəb)
• → Ottoman Turkish: حرب‎ (harb)
  • Turkish: harp

Etymology 3

Noun

حَرَب • (ḥarab) m

1. verbal noun of حَرِبَ (ḥariba) (form I)
2. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) rage

Declension

Declension of noun حَرَب (ḥarab)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَرَب ḥarab	الْحَرَب‎ al-ḥarab	حَرَب ḥarab
Nominative	حَرَبٌ ḥarabun	الْحَرَبُ‎ al-ḥarabu	حَرَبُ ḥarabu
Accusative	حَرَبًا‎ ḥaraban	الْحَرَبَ‎ al-ḥaraba	حَرَبَ ḥaraba
Genitive	حَرَبٍ ḥarabin	الْحَرَبِ‎ al-ḥarabi	حَرَبِ ḥarabi

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic حَرْب‎ (ḥarb).

Noun

حرب • (harb)

1. war
   • 1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk‎^[1], page 5:

     ‏ملت و مملكتی حرب عمومی‌یه سوق ایدنلر ، كندی حیاتلری اندیشه‌سنه دوشه‌رك ، مملكتدن فرار ایتمشلر.‎‎

     Millet ve memleketi harb-i umumiye sevk edenler, kendi hayatları endişesine düşerek, memleketten firar etmişler.

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

2. battle

Descendants

• Turkish: harp

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “حرب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 501
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “حرب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 775

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic حَرْب‎ (ḥarb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /haɾb/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /haɾb/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /hæɾb/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /haɾb/

Noun

حرب • (harb)

1. war, warfare

   Synonym: جنگ‎ (jang)

2. fight, battle, combat

   Synonym: نبرد‎ (nabard)

Related terms

• حربی‎ (harbi)
• حربه‎ (harbe)

See also

• جنگ‎ (jang)