حكمة

See also: چکمه

Arabic

Root
ح ك م (ḥ k m)
21 terms

Etymology 1

From the verbal noun of حَكُمَ (ḥakuma, “to be wise”). Compare Hebrew חָכְמָה (ḥokhmá, “wisdom”) and Ugaritic 𐎈𐎋𐎎𐎚 (ḥkmt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħik.ma/

Noun

حِكْمَة • (ḥikma) f (plural حِكَم (ḥikam))

1. wisdom
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:125:

     اُدْعُ إِلَىٰ سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِٱلْحِكْمَةِ وَٱلْمَوْعِظَةِ ٱلْحَسَنَةِ

     udʕu ʔilā sabīli rabbika bi-l-ḥikmati wal-mawʕiẓati l-ḥasanati

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. knowledge
3. (obsolete) medical art
4. philosophy
5. justice, equity
6. reason
7. secret decree of God
8. prophecy
9. the Qur'an
10. (Modern Standard Arabic) the Gospel

Declension

Declension of noun حِكْمَة (ḥikma)

singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حِكْمَة ḥikma	الْحِكْمَة al-ḥikma	حِكْمَة ḥikmat
nominative	حِكْمَةٌ ḥikmatun	الْحِكْمَةُ al-ḥikmatu	حِكْمَةُ ḥikmatu
accusative	حِكْمَةً ḥikmatan	الْحِكْمَةَ al-ḥikmata	حِكْمَةَ ḥikmata
genitive	حِكْمَةٍ ḥikmatin	الْحِكْمَةِ al-ḥikmati	حِكْمَةِ ḥikmati
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حِكْمَتَيْن ḥikmatayn	الْحِكْمَتَيْن al-ḥikmatayn	حِكْمَتَيْ ḥikmatay
nominative	حِكْمَتَانِ ḥikmatāni	الْحِكْمَتَانِ al-ḥikmatāni	حِكْمَتَا ḥikmatā
accusative	حِكْمَتَيْنِ ḥikmatayni	الْحِكْمَتَيْنِ al-ḥikmatayni	حِكْمَتَيْ ḥikmatay
genitive	حِكْمَتَيْنِ ḥikmatayni	الْحِكْمَتَيْنِ al-ḥikmatayni	حِكْمَتَيْ ḥikmatay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حِكَم ḥikam	الْحِكَم al-ḥikam	حِكَم ḥikam
nominative	حِكَمٌ ḥikamun	الْحِكَمُ al-ḥikamu	حِكَمُ ḥikamu
accusative	حِكَمًا ḥikaman	الْحِكَمَ al-ḥikama	حِكَمَ ḥikama
genitive	حِكَمٍ ḥikamin	الْحِكَمِ al-ḥikami	حِكَمِ ḥikami

Descendants

• → Classical Persian: حِکْمَت (hikmat)
  • → Azerbaijani: hikmət
  • → Middle Bengali: হেকমত (hekomot)
    • Bengali: হেকমত (hekmot)
  • → Chagatai: حکمت (ḥkmt /⁠hikmät⁠/)
    • Uyghur: ھېكمەت (hëkmet)
    • Uzbek: hikmat
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हिकमत (hikmat)

    Urdu: حکمت (hikmat)

  • → Malay: hikmat
    • Indonesian: hikmat
    • → Tagalog: hikmat
  • → Ottoman Turkish: حكمت (hikmet)
    • Turkish: hikmet
• → Swahili: hekima

References

• Ahrens, Karl (1930), “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[1] (in German), volume 84, page 27

Etymology 2

Root
ح ك م (ḥ k m)
21 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħa.ka.ma/

Noun

حَكَمَة • (ḥakama) f (plural حَكَمَات (ḥakamāt))

1. bridle, bit
   • a. 609, Zuhayr, إنّ الخليطَ أجدَّ البينَ فانفرقا:

     القَائِدَ الْخَيْلَ مَنْكُوبًا دَوَابِرُهَا قَدِّ أُحْكِمَتْ حَكَمَاتِ الْقِدِّ والأبَقا

     al-qāʔida l-ḵayla mankūban dawābiru-hā qaddi ʔuḥkimat ḥakamāti l-qiddi wa-l-ʔabaqā

     Leader of a horse of veering hind legs, fastened by bridles of leather strips and banana fibres.

2. power, rank, station, position

Declension

Declension of noun حَكَمَة (ḥakama)

singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حَكَمَة ḥakama	الْحَكَمَة al-ḥakama	حَكَمَة ḥakamat
nominative	حَكَمَةٌ ḥakamatun	الْحَكَمَةُ al-ḥakamatu	حَكَمَةُ ḥakamatu
accusative	حَكَمَةً ḥakamatan	الْحَكَمَةَ al-ḥakamata	حَكَمَةَ ḥakamata
genitive	حَكَمَةٍ ḥakamatin	الْحَكَمَةِ al-ḥakamati	حَكَمَةِ ḥakamati
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حَكَمَتَيْن ḥakamatayn	الْحَكَمَتَيْن al-ḥakamatayn	حَكَمَتَيْ ḥakamatay
nominative	حَكَمَتَانِ ḥakamatāni	الْحَكَمَتَانِ al-ḥakamatāni	حَكَمَتَا ḥakamatā
accusative	حَكَمَتَيْنِ ḥakamatayni	الْحَكَمَتَيْنِ al-ḥakamatayni	حَكَمَتَيْ ḥakamatay
genitive	حَكَمَتَيْنِ ḥakamatayni	الْحَكَمَتَيْنِ al-ḥakamatayni	حَكَمَتَيْ ḥakamatay
plural	sound feminine plural
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حَكَمَات ḥakamāt	الْحَكَمَات al-ḥakamāt	حَكَمَات ḥakamāt
nominative	حَكَمَاتٌ ḥakamātun	الْحَكَمَاتُ al-ḥakamātu	حَكَمَاتُ ḥakamātu
accusative	حَكَمَاتٍ ḥakamātin	الْحَكَمَاتِ al-ḥakamāti	حَكَمَاتِ ḥakamāti
genitive	حَكَمَاتٍ ḥakamātin	الْحَكَمَاتِ al-ḥakamāti	حَكَمَاتِ ḥakamāti