دول

See also: Appendix:Arabic roots/د و ل

Arabic

Etymology 1

Denominal verb of دَوْلَة (dawla), from the root د و ل (d w l).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /daw.wa.la/

Verb

دَوَّلَ • (dawwala) II (non-past يُدَوِّلُ (yudawwilu), verbal noun تَدْوِيل (tadwīl))

1. to internationalize

Conjugation

Conjugation of دَوَّلَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَدْوِيل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَدْوِيل tadwīl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُدَوِّل mudawwil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُدَوَّل mudawwal
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دَوَّلْتُ dawwaltu	دَوَّلْتَ dawwalta	دَوَّلَ dawwala		دَوَّلْتُمَا dawwaltumā	دَوَّلَا dawwalā		دَوَّلْنَا dawwalnā	دَوَّلْتُمْ dawwaltum	دَوَّلُوا dawwalū
	f		دَوَّلْتِ dawwalti	دَوَّلَتْ dawwalat			دَوَّلَتَا dawwalatā			دَوَّلْتُنَّ dawwaltunna	دَوَّلْنَ dawwalna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُدَوِّلُ ʔudawwilu	تُدَوِّلُ tudawwilu	يُدَوِّلُ yudawwilu		تُدَوِّلَانِ tudawwilāni	يُدَوِّلَانِ yudawwilāni		نُدَوِّلُ nudawwilu	تُدَوِّلُونَ tudawwilūna	يُدَوِّلُونَ yudawwilūna
	f		تُدَوِّلِينَ tudawwilīna	تُدَوِّلُ tudawwilu			تُدَوِّلَانِ tudawwilāni			تُدَوِّلْنَ tudawwilna	يُدَوِّلْنَ yudawwilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُدَوِّلَ ʔudawwila	تُدَوِّلَ tudawwila	يُدَوِّلَ yudawwila		تُدَوِّلَا tudawwilā	يُدَوِّلَا yudawwilā		نُدَوِّلَ nudawwila	تُدَوِّلُوا tudawwilū	يُدَوِّلُوا yudawwilū
	f		تُدَوِّلِي tudawwilī	تُدَوِّلَ tudawwila			تُدَوِّلَا tudawwilā			تُدَوِّلْنَ tudawwilna	يُدَوِّلْنَ yudawwilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُدَوِّلْ ʔudawwil	تُدَوِّلْ tudawwil	يُدَوِّلْ yudawwil		تُدَوِّلَا tudawwilā	يُدَوِّلَا yudawwilā		نُدَوِّلْ nudawwil	تُدَوِّلُوا tudawwilū	يُدَوِّلُوا yudawwilū
	f		تُدَوِّلِي tudawwilī	تُدَوِّلْ tudawwil			تُدَوِّلَا tudawwilā			تُدَوِّلْنَ tudawwilna	يُدَوِّلْنَ yudawwilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دَوِّلْ dawwil			دَوِّلَا dawwilā				دَوِّلُوا dawwilū
	f		دَوِّلِي dawwilī							دَوِّلْنَ dawwilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دُوِّلْتُ duwwiltu	دُوِّلْتَ duwwilta	دُوِّلَ duwwila		دُوِّلْتُمَا duwwiltumā	دُوِّلَا duwwilā		دُوِّلْنَا duwwilnā	دُوِّلْتُمْ duwwiltum	دُوِّلُوا duwwilū
	f		دُوِّلْتِ duwwilti	دُوِّلَتْ duwwilat			دُوِّلَتَا duwwilatā			دُوِّلْتُنَّ duwwiltunna	دُوِّلْنَ duwwilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُدَوَّلُ ʔudawwalu	تُدَوَّلُ tudawwalu	يُدَوَّلُ yudawwalu		تُدَوَّلَانِ tudawwalāni	يُدَوَّلَانِ yudawwalāni		نُدَوَّلُ nudawwalu	تُدَوَّلُونَ tudawwalūna	يُدَوَّلُونَ yudawwalūna
	f		تُدَوَّلِينَ tudawwalīna	تُدَوَّلُ tudawwalu			تُدَوَّلَانِ tudawwalāni			تُدَوَّلْنَ tudawwalna	يُدَوَّلْنَ yudawwalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُدَوَّلَ ʔudawwala	تُدَوَّلَ tudawwala	يُدَوَّلَ yudawwala		تُدَوَّلَا tudawwalā	يُدَوَّلَا yudawwalā		نُدَوَّلَ nudawwala	تُدَوَّلُوا tudawwalū	يُدَوَّلُوا yudawwalū
	f		تُدَوَّلِي tudawwalī	تُدَوَّلَ tudawwala			تُدَوَّلَا tudawwalā			تُدَوَّلْنَ tudawwalna	يُدَوَّلْنَ yudawwalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُدَوَّلْ ʔudawwal	تُدَوَّلْ tudawwal	يُدَوَّلْ yudawwal		تُدَوَّلَا tudawwalā	يُدَوَّلَا yudawwalā		نُدَوَّلْ nudawwal	تُدَوَّلُوا tudawwalū	يُدَوَّلُوا yudawwalū
	f		تُدَوَّلِي tudawwalī	تُدَوَّلْ tudawwal			تُدَوَّلَا tudawwalā			تُدَوَّلْنَ tudawwalna	يُدَوَّلْنَ yudawwalna

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du.wal/

Noun

دُوَل • (duwal) f pl

1. plural of دَوْلَة (dawla)

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: دول (düvel)
  • Turkish: düvel

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English dhole.

Alternative forms

• دُئِل (duʔil), دُؤُل (duʔul)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /duːl/
• IPA^(key): /du.ʔul/

Noun

دُول • (dūl) m (plural دُولِين (dūlīn))

1. dhole (Cuon alpinus)

   Synonyms: كَلْب بَرِّيّ آسِيَوِيّ (kalb barriyy ʔāsiyawiyy), كَلْب بَرِّيّ هِنْدِيّ (kalb barriyy hindiyy), ذِئْب أَحْمَر (ḏiʔb ʔaḥmar)

Declension

Declension of noun دُول (dūl)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُول dūl	الدُّول ad-dūl	دُول dūl
nominative	دُولٌ dūlun	الدُّولُ ad-dūlu	دُولُ dūlu
accusative	دُولًا dūlan	الدُّولَ ad-dūla	دُولَ dūla
genitive	دُولٍ dūlin	الدُّولِ ad-dūli	دُولِ dūli
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُولَيْن dūlayn	الدُّولَيْن ad-dūlayn	دُولَيْ dūlay
nominative	دُولَانِ dūlāni	الدُّولَانِ ad-dūlāni	دُولَا dūlā
accusative	دُولَيْنِ dūlayni	الدُّولَيْنِ ad-dūlayni	دُولَيْ dūlay
genitive	دُولَيْنِ dūlayni	الدُّولَيْنِ ad-dūlayni	دُولَيْ dūlay
plural	sound masculine plural
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُولِين dūlīn	الدُّولِين ad-dūlīn	دُولِي dūlī
nominative	دُولُونَ dūlūna	الدُّولُونَ ad-dūlūna	دُولُو dūlū
accusative	دُولِينَ dūlīna	الدُّولِينَ ad-dūlīna	دُولِي dūlī
genitive	دُولِينَ dūlīna	الدُّولِينَ ad-dūlīna	دُولِي dūlī

Egyptian Arabic

Alternative forms

• دولا (dōla)

Etymology

From Arabic أولاءِ (ʔulāʔi), plural of ذَا (ḏā), apparently with ḏa- prefixed by analogy with the singular forms (thus *ḏaʾulāʾi > *ḏawla > dōla). Compare the same in several other dialects.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /doːl/

Determiner

دول • (dōl) pl

1. plural of ده and دي: those, these

Pronoun

دول • (dōl) pl

1. plural of ده and دي: those, these

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Common Turkic *töl. Compare Azerbaijani döl (“fetus”).

Noun

دول • (döl)

1. fetus
2. child, young, offspring
3. lineage, descent
4. semen, sperm

Descendants

• Turkish: döl

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “döl”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “دول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 926
• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

Etymology 2

From Arabic دُوَل (duwal), plural of دَوْلَة (dawla, “state”). Arabic plural of دولت (devlet).

Noun

دول • (düvel)

1. states, powers, governments

Descendants

• Turkish: düvel

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “düvel”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “دول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 926

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dōl, “bucket; Aquarius”) of Semitic origin, compare Arabic دلو (dalw), Classical Syriac ܕܰܘܠܳܐ (dawlā) (absolute form ܕܘܿܠ (dōl)), Akkadian 𒁕𒇻 (/⁠dalū, dūlu⁠/, “bucket”). Akin to Old Armenian դոյլ (doyl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdoːl/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪oːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪oːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪oːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪uːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɵl]

Readings
Classical reading?	dōl
Dari reading?	dōl
Iranian reading?	dul
Tajik reading?	dül

Noun

دول • (dōl / dul) (Tajik spelling дӯл)

1. bucket, pail, pitcher

   Synonym: سطل (satl)

2. hopper of a mill

Derived terms

• دولاب (dōlāb / dulâb, “water wheel”)
• دولچه (dōlča / dulče, “leathern bucket”)

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: դոխն (doxn)
• → Pashto: ډول (ḍol)
• → Hindustani:

  Urdu: ڈول (ḍol)

  Hindi: डोल (ḍol)

Proper noun

دول • (dōl / dul) (Tajik spelling Дӯл) (symbol ♒)

1. (astrology) Aquarius

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic دُوَل (duwal).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /du.ˈwal/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊ.wál]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊ.wál]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ʊ.wál]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪u.wál̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪o.vǽl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪u.vál]

Readings
Classical reading?	duwal
Dari reading?	duwal
Iranian reading?	doval
Tajik reading?	duval

Noun

دول • (duwal / doval) (Tajik spelling дувал)

1. plural of دولت (dawlat / dowlat, “state”)

Etymology 3

From child speak; compare English doo.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈduːl/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪uːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪uːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪uːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ul̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪uːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ul]

Readings
Classical reading?	dūl
Dari reading?	dūl
Iranian reading?	dul
Tajik reading?	dul

Noun

دول • (dūl / dul) (Tajik spelling дул)

1. (childish or humorous) penis

   Synonyms: کیر (kīr / kir), آلت (ālat / âlat), چل (čul / čol), نری (narī / nari), قضیب (qazīb / ġazib), ذکر (zakar)

Derived terms

• دودول (dūdūl / dudul, “penis”)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “دول”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “دول”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.