سنگ

See also: شنگ‎

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *Hacangáh

Noun

سنگ • (sang, sing)

1. stone

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Kermanic

Alternative forms

• Nayini: سینگ‎ (sēng)

Etymology

From Old Median *asangáh, from Proto-Iranian *Hacangáh.

Pronunciation

• (Gazi, Kafroni, Sedehi) IPA^(key): /sɑŋɡ/
• (Kese'i, Khunsari, Mahallati, Meyme'i, Qohrudi, Vonishuni, Zefre'i) IPA^(key): /seŋɡ/
• (Soi) IPA^(key): /sæŋɡ/

Noun

سنگ (seng, sang, säng)

1. stone

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian KYPA / sng (sang, “stone, rock”). Cognate with Parthian (Manichaean) 𐫀𐫘𐫗𐫃‎ (ʾsng /asang/, “stone”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬥‎ (asan, “stone”), 𐬀𐬯𐬆𐬥𐬔𐬀‎ (asənga, “stone”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎰𐎥 (a-θ-g /aθaⁿgaʰ/, “stone, rock”), Old Median *asan- (“stone”) (> Old Persian stone (/asan/)), Tat səng, Khotanese [script needed] (sam̥gga-, “stone”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”), because of the cutting sharpness of stone.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sæŋɡ/

Noun

Dari	سنگ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	санг (sang)

سنگ • (sang) (plural سنگ‌ها‎ (sang-hâ))

1. stone, rock
2. tombstone
3. (archaic) authority, dignity

Synonyms

• ریگ‎ (rêg)
• حجر‎ (hajar) (archaic)

Derived terms

• بی‌سنگی‎ (bê-sangi)
• تخته‌سنگ‎ (taxtesang)
• خرسنگ‎ (xarsang)
• ذغال‌سنگ‎ (zoğâl-sang)
• سنگ به سینه زدن‎ (sang be sine zadan)
• سنگدل‎ (sangdel)
• سنگریزه‎ (sangrize)
• سنگسار‎ (sangsâr)
• سنگ نما‎ (sang-e-namâ)
• سنگ نمک‎ (sang-e-namak)
• سنگک‎ (sangak)
• سنگی‎ (sangi)
• سنگین‎ (sangin)
• سنگ‌تراش‎ (sang-tarâš)
• سنگ‌فرش‎ (sang-farš)
• سنگ‌پا‎ (sang-e-pâ)
• فرسنگ‎ (farsang)
• قلوه‌سنگ‎ (qolvesang)
• پاره‌سنگ‎ (pâresang)

 

Descendants

• Dari: سنگ‎ (sang)
• Iranian Persian: سنگ‎ (sang)
• Tajik: санг (sang)
• → Coptic: ⲃⲁⲥⲛϭ (basnc)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: संग (saṅg)

  Urdu: سنگ‎ (saṅg)

• → Ottoman Turkish: سنگ‎ (seng)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “سنگ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “sang”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 74
• Bailey, H. W. (1979), “sam̥gga-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 417a
• Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 210
• Kent, Roland G. (1950), “aθaⁿga-”, in Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society, page 166

Etymology 2

Deverbal noun of سنجیدن‎ (sanjidan) or سختن‎ (saxtan, “to weigh, compare”).

Noun

Dari	سنگ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	санг (sang)

سنگ • (sang)

1. (dated) weight
2. (dated) value, worth, price

Derived terms

• همسنگ‎ (hamsang, “equivalent”)

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Urdu

Etymology 1

From Persian سنگ‎ (sang).

Noun

سنگ • (sang or sang) m (Hindi spelling संग or सन्ग‎)

1. stone
2. weight

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit.

Adverb

سنگ • (saṅg) (Hindi spelling संग or सङ्ग‎)

1. collectively
2. together

Noun

سنگ • (saṅg or saṅg) m (Hindi spelling संग or सङ्ग‎)

1. confluence
2. contact
3. coherence
4. association
5. union
6. connection
7. intimacy
8. friendship
9. love
10. intercourse