شنبه

Azerbaijani

Noun

شنبه (şənbə) (definite accusative شنبه‌نی (şənbəni), plural شنبه‌لر (şənbələr))

1. Arabic spelling of şənbə

Declension

Declension of شنبه

	singular	plural
nominative	شنبه	شنبه‌لر
definite accusative	شنبه‌نی	شنبه‌لری
dative	شنبه‌یه	شنبه‌لره
locative	شنبه‌ده	شنبه‌لرده
ablative	شنبه‌دن	شنبه‌لردن
definite genitive	شنبه‌نین	شنبه‌لرین

Persian

Alternative forms

• شنبد (šanbad) (obsolete, dialectal)
• شنبذ (šambaḏ) (Early New Persian, obsolete)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Akkadian šapattumbor.?

Hebrew שַׁבָּתder.

Persian شنبه

From earlier form شنبذ (šambaḏ) from late Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫢𐫖𐫁𐫅 (šmbd /⁠šambad⁠/) from early Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫢𐫖𐫁𐫎 (šmbṯ /⁠šambat⁠/, “Sabbath, Saturday”) (akin to Manichaean Parthian 𐫢𐫖𐫁𐫤 (šmbt /⁠šambat⁠/, “Sabbath, Saturday”)), ultimately from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”), itself possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒀜𒌈 (šapattum, “the middle day of the month”). Akin to Aghwan 𐕐𐔰𐕌𐔱𐔰𐕜 (šambaṭ), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃan.ˈba/, /ʃan.ˈbih/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäm.béː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäm.béː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʃäm.béː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʃäm.béː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃæm.bé]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäm.bé]

Readings
Classical reading?	šanbá, šanbíh
Dari reading?	šanbē
Iranian reading?	šanbe
Tajik reading?	šanbe

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

شنبه • (šanba, šanbē / šanbe) (Tajik spelling шанбе)

1. Saturday
   • 1197, Hakīm Nizāmī Ganjawī, chapter 25, in هفت پیکر [Haft Paykar]:

     شنبه آنجا که قسم شنبه بود
     وآن دگرها چنان کز آن به بود

     šanbih ān-jā ki qism-i šanbih būd
     w-ān digar-hā čunān k-az ān bih būd

     On Saturday the place prescribed for it
     And on the other days as it was meet

Derived terms

• دوشنبه (do-šanbe)
• سه‌شنبه (se-šanbe)
• شنبهی کردن (šanbehi kardan, “to sabbatize”)
• پنج‌شنبه (panj-šanbe)
• چهارشنبه (čahâr-šanbe)
• یک‌شنبه (yek-šanbe)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: şənbə
• → Bashkir: шәмбе (şəmbe)
• → Chagatai: شنبه (šänbä)
  • Uyghur: شەنبە (shenbe)
  • Uzbek: shanba
• → Dungan: шанбэ (šanbe)
• → Gujarati: શંબા (śambā)
• Urdu: شنبہ (śambah)
• → Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: شه‌مه (šama)

  Northern Kurdish: şembî (šambī)

  Southern Kurdish: شه‌مه (šama)

• → Judeo-Persian: שמבד (šambad)
• → Kazakh: сенбі (senbı)
• → Kyrgyz: ишемби (işembi)
• → Northern Luri: شںمںە (şəmə)
• → Tatar: шимбә (şimbä)
• → Zazaki: şeme (šama)

See also

• days of the week: روزهای هفته (rōz-hā-yi hafta / ruz-hâ-ye hafte) (appendix): شنبه (šanba / šanbe) · یک‌شنبه (yak-šanba / yek-šanbe) · دوشنبه (du-šanba / do-šanbe) · سه‌شنبه (si-šanba / se-šanbe) · چهارشنبه (čahār-šanba / čahâr-šanbe) · پنج‌شنبه (panj-šanba / panj-šanbe) · آدینه (ādēna / âdine)/جمعه (jum'a / jom'e) ^[edit]

References

• Youli Ioannesyan (2018), “The historically unmotivated majhul vowel as a significant areal dialectological feature” (chapter 7), in Alireza Korangy, Corey Miller, editors, Trends in Iranian and Persian Linguistics (in English), De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, pages 119–134