شيخ
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the root ش ي خ (š-y-ḵ), related to the verb شَاخَ (šāḵa, “to age, to grow old”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]شَيْخ • (šayḵ) m (plural شُيُوخ (šuyūḵ) or أَشْيَاخ (ʔašyāḵ) or مَشْيَخَة (mašyaḵa) or مَشَايِخ (mašāyiḵ))
- old man
- elderly gentleman, elder
- sheik, chief, chieftain, patriarch
- senator
- sheik; Dr.; professor (title of professors and spiritual leaders)
- sir (respectful title of address)
- master (someone outstanding or excellent)
- شَيْخُ الشَّباب ― šayḵu š-šabāb ― the greatest of all guys (literally, “the master of youths”)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun شَيْخ (šayḵ)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَيْخ šayḵ |
الشَّيْخ aš-šayḵ |
شَيْخ šayḵ |
Nominative | شَيْخٌ šayḵun |
الشَّيْخُ aš-šayḵu |
شَيْخُ šayḵu |
Accusative | شَيْخًا šayḵan |
الشَّيْخَ aš-šayḵa |
شَيْخَ šayḵa |
Genitive | شَيْخٍ šayḵin |
الشَّيْخِ aš-šayḵi |
شَيْخِ šayḵi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَيْخَيْن šayḵayn |
الشَّيْخَيْن aš-šayḵayn |
شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Nominative | شَيْخَانِ šayḵāni |
الشَّيْخَانِ aš-šayḵāni |
شَيْخَا šayḵā |
Accusative | شَيْخَيْنِ šayḵayni |
الشَّيْخَيْنِ aš-šayḵayni |
شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Genitive | شَيْخَيْنِ šayḵayni |
الشَّيْخَيْنِ aš-šayḵayni |
شَيْخَيْ šayḵay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُيُوخ; أَشْيَاخ; مَشْيَخَة; مَشَايِخ; مَشَائِخ šuyūḵ; ʔašyāḵ; mašyaḵa; mašāyiḵ; mašāʔiḵ |
الشُّيُوخ; الْأَشْيَاخ; الْمَشْيَخَة; الْمَشَايِخ; الْمَشَائِخ aš-šuyūḵ; al-ʔašyāḵ; al-mašyaḵa; al-mašāyiḵ; al-mašāʔiḵ |
شُيُوخ; أَشْيَاخ; مَشْيَخَة; مَشَايِخ; مَشَائِخ šuyūḵ; ʔašyāḵ; mašyaḵat; mašāyiḵ; mašāʔiḵ |
Nominative | شُيُوخٌ; أَشْيَاخٌ; مَشْيَخَةٌ; مَشَايِخُ; مَشَائِخُ šuyūḵun; ʔašyāḵun; mašyaḵatun; mašāyiḵu; mašāʔiḵu |
الشُّيُوخُ; الْأَشْيَاخُ; الْمَشْيَخَةُ; الْمَشَايِخُ; الْمَشَائِخُ aš-šuyūḵu; al-ʔašyāḵu; al-mašyaḵatu; al-mašāyiḵu; al-mašāʔiḵu |
شُيُوخُ; أَشْيَاخُ; مَشْيَخَةُ; مَشَايِخُ; مَشَائِخُ šuyūḵu; ʔašyāḵu; mašyaḵatu; mašāyiḵu; mašāʔiḵu |
Accusative | شُيُوخًا; أَشْيَاخًا; مَشْيَخَةً; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵan; ʔašyāḵan; mašyaḵatan; mašāyiḵa; mašāʔiḵa |
الشُّيُوخَ; الْأَشْيَاخَ; الْمَشْيَخَةَ; الْمَشَايِخَ; الْمَشَائِخَ aš-šuyūḵa; al-ʔašyāḵa; al-mašyaḵata; al-mašāyiḵa; al-mašāʔiḵa |
شُيُوخَ; أَشْيَاخَ; مَشْيَخَةَ; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵa; ʔašyāḵa; mašyaḵata; mašāyiḵa; mašāʔiḵa |
Genitive | شُيُوخٍ; أَشْيَاخٍ; مَشْيَخَةٍ; مَشَايِخَ; مَشَائِخَ šuyūḵin; ʔašyāḵin; mašyaḵatin; mašāyiḵa; mašāʔiḵa |
الشُّيُوخِ; الْأَشْيَاخِ; الْمَشْيَخَةِ; الْمَشَايِخِ; الْمَشَائِخِ aš-šuyūḵi; al-ʔašyāḵi; al-mašyaḵati; al-mašāyiḵi; al-mašāʔiḵi |
شُيُوخِ; أَشْيَاخِ; مَشْيَخَةِ; مَشَايِخِ; مَشَائِخِ šuyūḵi; ʔašyāḵi; mašyaḵati; mašāyiḵi; mašāʔiḵi |
Descendants
[edit]- Andalusian Arabic: شيخ (šéḵ)
- Maltese: xiħ
- → Bengali: শেখ (śekh)
- → Chinese: 謝赫/谢赫 (xièhè)
- → Classical Syriac: ܫܝܟ (šayḵ)
- → Czech: šejk
- → Dutch: sjeik
- → English: sheik, sheikh
- → Esperanto: ŝejĥo
- → Estonian: šeik
- → French: cheikh
- → Hungarian: sejk
- → German: Scheich
- → Hausa: shaihī̀, shēhū̀
- → Faroese: sjeikur
- → Italian: sceicco
- → Northern Kurdish: şêx
- → Norwegian Bokmål: sjeik
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: sjeik
- → Ottoman Turkish: شیخ (şeyh)
- → Persian: شیخ (šeyx)
- → Polish: szejk
- → Portuguese: xeique, xeque
- → Russian: шейх (šejx)
- → Swahili: shehe, sheik
- → Chichewa: shéhe
- → Swedish: shejk
- → Uyghur: شەيخ (sheyx)
- → Uzbek: shayx
- → Yiddish: שייך (sheykh)
References
[edit]- Wehr, Hans (1979) “شيخ”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ي خ
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Egyptian Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic nouns with triptote broken plural in -a
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural