صحن

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic, related to the root ص ف ح (ṣ f ḥ). Akin to Ge'ez ጻሕል (ṣaḥl, “bowl, jar, pan”), Hebrew צֵלָחָת (ṣelāḥāṯ, “pot”), Hebrew צַלַּחַת (ṣallaḥáṯ, “dish, bowl”), Aramaic צְלֹוחִיתָא / ܨܠ݀ܿܘܚܺܝܬܐ (ṣlōẖīṯā, “jar”).

Noun

صَحْن • (ṣaḥn) m (plural صُحُون (ṣuḥūn) or أَصْحُن (ʔaṣḥun) or صِحَان (ṣiḥān) or أَصْحَان (ʔaṣḥān))

1. bowl, plate
2. dish, plate, meal
3. a kind of brass cymbal
4. interior, middle
   1. courtyard
   2. interior hollow part of a hoof
5. cavity of the ear
6. gift

Declension

Declension of noun صَحْن (ṣaḥn)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَحْن ṣaḥn	الصَّحْن aṣ-ṣaḥn	صَحْن ṣaḥn
nominative	صَحْنٌ ṣaḥnun	الصَّحْنُ aṣ-ṣaḥnu	صَحْنُ ṣaḥnu
accusative	صَحْنًا ṣaḥnan	الصَّحْنَ aṣ-ṣaḥna	صَحْنَ ṣaḥna
genitive	صَحْنٍ ṣaḥnin	الصَّحْنِ aṣ-ṣaḥni	صَحْنِ ṣaḥni
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَحْنَيْن ṣaḥnayn	الصَّحْنَيْن aṣ-ṣaḥnayn	صَحْنَيْ ṣaḥnay
nominative	صَحْنَانِ ṣaḥnāni	الصَّحْنَانِ aṣ-ṣaḥnāni	صَحْنَا ṣaḥnā
accusative	صَحْنَيْنِ ṣaḥnayni	الصَّحْنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣaḥnayni	صَحْنَيْ ṣaḥnay
genitive	صَحْنَيْنِ ṣaḥnayni	الصَّحْنَيْنِ aṣ-ṣaḥnayni	صَحْنَيْ ṣaḥnay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صُحُون‎; أَصْحُن‎; صِحَان‎; أَصْحَان ṣuḥūn‎; ʔaṣḥun‎; ṣiḥān‎; ʔaṣḥān	الصُّحُون‎; الْأَصْحُن‎; الصِّحَان‎; الْأَصْحَان aṣ-ṣuḥūn‎; al-ʔaṣḥun‎; aṣ-ṣiḥān‎; al-ʔaṣḥān	صُحُون‎; أَصْحُن‎; صِحَان‎; أَصْحَان ṣuḥūn‎; ʔaṣḥun‎; ṣiḥān‎; ʔaṣḥān
nominative	صُحُونٌ‎; أَصْحُنٌ‎; صِحَانٌ‎; أَصْحَانٌ ṣuḥūnun‎; ʔaṣḥunun‎; ṣiḥānun‎; ʔaṣḥānun	الصُّحُونُ‎; الْأَصْحُنُ‎; الصِّحَانُ‎; الْأَصْحَانُ aṣ-ṣuḥūnu‎; al-ʔaṣḥunu‎; aṣ-ṣiḥānu‎; al-ʔaṣḥānu	صُحُونُ‎; أَصْحُنُ‎; صِحَانُ‎; أَصْحَانُ ṣuḥūnu‎; ʔaṣḥunu‎; ṣiḥānu‎; ʔaṣḥānu
accusative	صُحُونًا‎; أَصْحُنًا‎; صِحَانًا‎; أَصْحَانًا ṣuḥūnan‎; ʔaṣḥunan‎; ṣiḥānan‎; ʔaṣḥānan	الصُّحُونَ‎; الْأَصْحُنَ‎; الصِّحَانَ‎; الْأَصْحَانَ aṣ-ṣuḥūna‎; al-ʔaṣḥuna‎; aṣ-ṣiḥāna‎; al-ʔaṣḥāna	صُحُونَ‎; أَصْحُنَ‎; صِحَانَ‎; أَصْحَانَ ṣuḥūna‎; ʔaṣḥuna‎; ṣiḥāna‎; ʔaṣḥāna
genitive	صُحُونٍ‎; أَصْحُنٍ‎; صِحَانٍ‎; أَصْحَانٍ ṣuḥūnin‎; ʔaṣḥunin‎; ṣiḥānin‎; ʔaṣḥānin	الصُّحُونِ‎; الْأَصْحُنِ‎; الصِّحَانِ‎; الْأَصْحَانِ aṣ-ṣuḥūni‎; al-ʔaṣḥuni‎; aṣ-ṣiḥāni‎; al-ʔaṣḥāni	صُحُونِ‎; أَصْحُنِ‎; صِحَانِ‎; أَصْحَانِ ṣuḥūni‎; ʔaṣḥuni‎; ṣiḥāni‎; ʔaṣḥāni

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: صحن (ṣaḥan)
• Hijazi Arabic: صحن (ṣaḥan, ṣaḥin)
• South Levantine Arabic: صحن (ṣaḥn)
• → Abkhaz: а–саан (a–saan)
• → Azerbaijani: səhn
• → Chagatai: صَحْن (ṣḥn)
  • Uzbek: sahn
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: सहन (sahan)
  • Urdu: صَحْن (sahn)
• → Mabaan: cakan
• → Ottoman Turkish: صحن (sahn), صحان (sahan)
  • Turkish: sahan, sağan, sağın (dialectal)
  • → Albanian: sahan
  • → Armenian: սահան (sahan)
  • → Bulgarian: саха́н (sahán)
  • → Greek: σαγάνι (sagáni)
  • → Laz: საღანი (sağani), სახანი (saxani) — Arkabi
  • → Macedonian: саан (saan)
  • → Romanian: sahan
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: са̀хан
    • Latin script: sàhan
• → Pashto: صحن
• → Persian: صحن (sahn)
• → Punjabi: صَحْن (ṣaḥn)
• → Sindhi: صحن (ṣḥ̃)
• → Swahili: sahani
  • → Gujarati: સાની (sānī)
  • → Kikuyu: thani

Etymology 2

From the root ص ح ن (ṣ ḥ n). Denominal from صَحْن (ṣaḥn, “bowl”) in the second sense.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.ħa.na/

Verb

صَحَنَ • (ṣaḥana) I (non-past يَصْحَنُ (yaṣḥanu), verbal noun صَحْن (ṣaḥn)) (Classical)

1. strike, beat
2. give, present something in a bowl (to acc. someone)

Conjugation

Conjugation of صَحَنَ (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive, verbal noun صَحْن)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						صَحْن ṣaḥn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						صَاحِن ṣāḥin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَصْحُون maṣḥūn
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَحَنْتُ ṣaḥantu	صَحَنْتَ ṣaḥanta	صَحَنَ ṣaḥana		صَحَنْتُمَا ṣaḥantumā	صَحَنَا ṣaḥanā		صَحَنَّا ṣaḥannā	صَحَنْتُمْ ṣaḥantum	صَحَنُوا ṣaḥanū
	f		صَحَنْتِ ṣaḥanti	صَحَنَتْ ṣaḥanat			صَحَنَتَا ṣaḥanatā			صَحَنْتُنَّ ṣaḥantunna	صَحَنَّ ṣaḥanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَصْحَنُ ʔaṣḥanu	تَصْحَنُ taṣḥanu	يَصْحَنُ yaṣḥanu		تَصْحَنَانِ taṣḥanāni	يَصْحَنَانِ yaṣḥanāni		نَصْحَنُ naṣḥanu	تَصْحَنُونَ taṣḥanūna	يَصْحَنُونَ yaṣḥanūna
	f		تَصْحَنِينَ taṣḥanīna	تَصْحَنُ taṣḥanu			تَصْحَنَانِ taṣḥanāni			تَصْحَنَّ taṣḥanna	يَصْحَنَّ yaṣḥanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَصْحَنَ ʔaṣḥana	تَصْحَنَ taṣḥana	يَصْحَنَ yaṣḥana		تَصْحَنَا taṣḥanā	يَصْحَنَا yaṣḥanā		نَصْحَنَ naṣḥana	تَصْحَنُوا taṣḥanū	يَصْحَنُوا yaṣḥanū
	f		تَصْحَنِي taṣḥanī	تَصْحَنَ taṣḥana			تَصْحَنَا taṣḥanā			تَصْحَنَّ taṣḥanna	يَصْحَنَّ yaṣḥanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَصْحَنْ ʔaṣḥan	تَصْحَنْ taṣḥan	يَصْحَنْ yaṣḥan		تَصْحَنَا taṣḥanā	يَصْحَنَا yaṣḥanā		نَصْحَنْ naṣḥan	تَصْحَنُوا taṣḥanū	يَصْحَنُوا yaṣḥanū
	f		تَصْحَنِي taṣḥanī	تَصْحَنْ taṣḥan			تَصْحَنَا taṣḥanā			تَصْحَنَّ taṣḥanna	يَصْحَنَّ yaṣḥanna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِصْحَنْ iṣḥan			اِصْحَنَا iṣḥanā				اِصْحَنُوا iṣḥanū
	f		اِصْحَنِي iṣḥanī							اِصْحَنَّ iṣḥanna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صُحِنْتُ ṣuḥintu	صُحِنْتَ ṣuḥinta	صُحِنَ ṣuḥina		صُحِنْتُمَا ṣuḥintumā	صُحِنَا ṣuḥinā		صُحِنَّا ṣuḥinnā	صُحِنْتُمْ ṣuḥintum	صُحِنُوا ṣuḥinū
	f		صُحِنْتِ ṣuḥinti	صُحِنَتْ ṣuḥinat			صُحِنَتَا ṣuḥinatā			صُحِنْتُنَّ ṣuḥintunna	صُحِنَّ ṣuḥinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصْحَنُ ʔuṣḥanu	تُصْحَنُ tuṣḥanu	يُصْحَنُ yuṣḥanu		تُصْحَنَانِ tuṣḥanāni	يُصْحَنَانِ yuṣḥanāni		نُصْحَنُ nuṣḥanu	تُصْحَنُونَ tuṣḥanūna	يُصْحَنُونَ yuṣḥanūna
	f		تُصْحَنِينَ tuṣḥanīna	تُصْحَنُ tuṣḥanu			تُصْحَنَانِ tuṣḥanāni			تُصْحَنَّ tuṣḥanna	يُصْحَنَّ yuṣḥanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصْحَنَ ʔuṣḥana	تُصْحَنَ tuṣḥana	يُصْحَنَ yuṣḥana		تُصْحَنَا tuṣḥanā	يُصْحَنَا yuṣḥanā		نُصْحَنَ nuṣḥana	تُصْحَنُوا tuṣḥanū	يُصْحَنُوا yuṣḥanū
	f		تُصْحَنِي tuṣḥanī	تُصْحَنَ tuṣḥana			تُصْحَنَا tuṣḥanā			تُصْحَنَّ tuṣḥanna	يُصْحَنَّ yuṣḥanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصْحَنْ ʔuṣḥan	تُصْحَنْ tuṣḥan	يُصْحَنْ yuṣḥan		تُصْحَنَا tuṣḥanā	يُصْحَنَا yuṣḥanā		نُصْحَنْ nuṣḥan	تُصْحَنُوا tuṣḥanū	يُصْحَنُوا yuṣḥanū
	f		تُصْحَنِي tuṣḥanī	تُصْحَنْ tuṣḥan			تُصْحَنَا tuṣḥanā			تُصْحَنَّ tuṣḥanna	يُصْحَنَّ yuṣḥanna

Etymology 3

Verb

صِحْنَ • (ṣiḥna) (form I) /sˤiħ.na/

1. inflection of صَاحَ (ṣāḥa):
   1. third-person feminine plural past active
   2. second-person feminine plural imperative

References

• “ṣlwḥy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Barth, Jakob (1893), Etymologische Studien zum semitischen insbesondere zum hebräischen Lexicon (in German), Berlin: H. Itzkowski, page 40
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “صحن”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 820
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886), Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 63
• Freytag, Georg (1833), “صحن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 483
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “صحن”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1315
• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “صحن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1656.
• Leslau, Wolf (1987), Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, reprinted 1991, 1997 and 2006, page 552
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “صحن”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 574
• H6745 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• H6747 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Azerbaijani

Noun

صحن

1. Arabic spelling of səhn

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.ħan/, /sˤa.ħin/

Noun

صحَن or صحِن • (ṣaḥan or ṣaḥin) m (plural صحون (ṣuḥūn))

1. plate

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsˤɑ.ħɪn], [ˈsˤɑ.ħᵊn]

Noun

صحن • (ṣaḥen) m (plural صحون (ṣḥūn))

1. plate, tray
2. dish, meal, plate
3. course of food
4. (music) a kind of brass cymbal

Ottoman Turkish

صحن

Alternative forms

• صحان (sahan)

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn, “bowl, plate, dish”).

Noun

صحن • (sahn or sahan) (definite accusative صحنی (sahnı, sahanı), plural صحون (suhun))

1. dish, plate, any vessel for holding food, especially a round and shallow one, with a knobbed cover

   Synonym: طباق (tabak)

2. (architecture) courtyard, court, an open area, partially or wholly surrounded by walls or buildings

   Synonyms: آولی (avlı), فضا (faza)

3. (architecture) terrace, esplanade, any clear, level space used for public walks, drives, or strolls

Derived terms

• صحن كولباصدیسی (sahan külbasdısı, “dish of mutton with onion”)
• صحنجی (sahancı, “name of a company of soldiers”)
• صحنلق (sahanlık, “stoop, perron”)
• صحنه (sahne, “scene”)

Descendants

• Turkish: sahan, sağan, sağın (dialectal)
• → Albanian: sahan
• → Armenian: սահան (sahan)
• → Bulgarian: саха́н (sahán)
• → Greek: σαγάνι (sagáni)
• → Laz: საღანი (sağani), სახანი (saxani) — Arkabi
• → Macedonian: саан (saan)
• → Romanian: sahan
• → Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic script: са̀хан
  • Latin script: sàhan

Further reading

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886), “صحن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 201
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “sahan”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4018
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “صحن”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[5], Vienna: F. Beck, page 298a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “صحن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[6] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 756
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Catinum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[7], Vienna, column 162
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “صحن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 2939
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “sahan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “صحن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1169

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Noun

صحن • (transliteration needed) m

1. courtyard

Further reading

• [10]

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈsahn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɦn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɦn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sɔːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæɦn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säɦn]

Readings
Classical reading?	sahn
Dari reading?	sahn
Iranian reading?	sahn
Tajik reading?	sahn

Noun

Dari	صحن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	саҳн

صحن • (sahn)

1. courtyard
2. open space
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 43”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[11]:

     صحن بستان ذوق‌بخش و صحبت یاران خوشست
     وقت گل خوش باد کز وی وقت می‌خواران خوشست

     sahn-i bustān-i zawq-baxš u suhbat-i yārān xwaš ast
     waqt-i gul xwaš bād k-az way waqt-i may-xwārān xwaš ast

     The open space in the pleasure garden and the company of friends are delightful;
     May the rose have a delightful time! For she makes the wine-sippers' time be delightful.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “صحن”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Noun

صَحْن • (ṣaḥn) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਹਨ)

1. courtyard

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “صَحن”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Noun

صحن • (sahanu) m (Devanagari सहनु)

1. courtyard

Further reading

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910), “صَحَنُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “صحن”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤaħn/, [ˈsˤɑ.ħ(ɪ)n]

• Audio (Bethlehem):

  (file)

Noun

صحن • (ṣaḥn) m (plural صحون (ṣḥūn))

1. plate, dish

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صَحْن (ṣaḥn).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /səɦn/

Noun

صَحْن or صحن • (ṣaḥn or ṣaḥan) m (Hindi spelling सहन)

1. courtyard

Further reading

• “صحن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “صحن”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “صحن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.