صدر

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See also: ص د ر‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ص د ر‎ (ṣ-d-r).

Pronunciation 1

Verb

صَدَرَ • (ṣadara) I, non-past يَصْدُرُ‎ or يَصْدِرُ‎‎ (yaṣduru or yaṣdiru) (intransitive)

  1. to emerge; to come up; to spring; to issue; to rise
    • 609–632 C.E., Qur'an, 99:6:
      ‏يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصْدُرُ النَّاسُ أَشْتَاتًا لِّيُرَوْا أَعْمَالَهُمْ‎
      yawmaʾiḏin yaṣduru n-nāsu ʾaštātan lliyuraw ʾaʿmālahum
      On that Day people will proceed in separate groups to be shown [the consequences of] their deeds.
    1. to materialize, to happen, to occur
      Synonym: حَدَثَ‎ (ḥadaṯa)
    2. to emerge as if from a source, to proceed, to emanate, to arise, to originate, to stem, to spring
      Synonym: اِنْبَثَقَ‎ (inbaṯaqa)
    3. to be released; to be public or available, to be out; to come out; to circulate
      ‏صَدَرَ الْكِتَابُ مِنْ دَارِ النَّشْرِ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاء.‎‎ ― ṣadara l-kitābu min dāri n-našri yawma l-ʾarbiʿāʾ. ― The book issued from the publisher on Wednesday.
Conjugation
Conjugation of
صَدَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns صَدْر or صُدُور or مَصْدَر)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
صَدْر or صُدُور‎ or مَصْدَر‎

ṣadr or ṣudūr or maṣdar
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ṣādir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maṣdūr
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ṣadartu
ṣadarta
صَدَرَ

ṣadara
ṣadartumā
ṣadarā
ṣadarnā
ṣadartum
ṣadarū
f
ṣadarti
ṣadarat
ṣadaratā
ṣadartunna
ṣadarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾaṣduru or ʾaṣdiru
taṣduru or taṣdiru
yaṣduru or yaṣdiru
taṣdurāni or taṣdirāni
yaṣdurāni or yaṣdirāni
naṣduru or naṣdiru
taṣdurūna or taṣdirūna
yaṣdurūna or yaṣdirūna
f
taṣdurīna or taṣdirīna
taṣduru or taṣdiru
taṣdurāni or taṣdirāni
taṣdurna or taṣdirna
yaṣdurna or yaṣdirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾaṣdura or ʾaṣdira
taṣdura or taṣdira
yaṣdura or yaṣdira
taṣdurā or taṣdirā
yaṣdurā or yaṣdirā
naṣdura or naṣdira
taṣdurū or taṣdirū
yaṣdurū or yaṣdirū
f
taṣdurī or taṣdirī
taṣdura or taṣdira
taṣdurā or taṣdirā
taṣdurna or taṣdirna
yaṣdurna or yaṣdirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾaṣdur or ʾaṣdir
taṣdur or taṣdir
yaṣdur or yaṣdir
taṣdurā or taṣdirā
yaṣdurā or yaṣdirā
naṣdur or naṣdir
taṣdurū or taṣdirū
yaṣdurū or yaṣdirū
f
taṣdurī or taṣdirī
taṣdur or taṣdir
taṣdurā or taṣdirā
taṣdurna or taṣdirna
yaṣdurna or yaṣdirna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
uṣdur or iṣdir
uṣdurā or iṣdirā
uṣdurū or iṣdirū
f
uṣdurī or iṣdirī
uṣdurna or iṣdirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m — —
صُدِرَ

ṣudira 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m — —
yuṣdaru 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m — —
yuṣdara 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m — —
yuṣdar 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
Verb

صَدَرَ • (ṣadara) I, non-past يَصْدُرُ‎‎ (yaṣduru)

  1. (transitive) to hurt the chest of; to hit in the chest
  2. (passive) to have a chest complaint
Conjugation
Conjugation of
صَدَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun صَدْر)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
صَدْر

ṣadr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ṣādir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maṣdūr
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ṣadartu
ṣadarta
صَدَرَ

ṣadara
ṣadartumā
ṣadarā
ṣadarnā
ṣadartum
ṣadarū
f
ṣadarti
ṣadarat
ṣadaratā
ṣadartunna
ṣadarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾaṣduru
taṣduru
yaṣduru
taṣdurāni
yaṣdurāni
naṣduru
taṣdurūna
yaṣdurūna
f
taṣdurīna
taṣduru
taṣdurāni
taṣdurna
yaṣdurna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾaṣdura
taṣdura
yaṣdura
taṣdurā
yaṣdurā
naṣdura
taṣdurū
yaṣdurū
f
taṣdurī
taṣdura
taṣdurā
taṣdurna
yaṣdurna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾaṣdur
taṣdur
yaṣdur
taṣdurā
yaṣdurā
naṣdur
taṣdurū
yaṣdurū
f
taṣdurī
taṣdur
taṣdurā
taṣdurna
yaṣdurna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
uṣdur
uṣdurā
uṣdurū
f
uṣdurī
uṣdurna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ṣudirtu
ṣudirta
صُدِرَ

ṣudira
ṣudirtumā
ṣudirā
ṣudirnā
ṣudirtum
ṣudirū
f
ṣudirti
ṣudirat
ṣudiratā
ṣudirtunna
ṣudirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuṣdaru
tuṣdaru
yuṣdaru
tuṣdarāni
yuṣdarāni
nuṣdaru
tuṣdarūna
yuṣdarūna
f
tuṣdarīna
tuṣdaru
tuṣdarāni
tuṣdarna
yuṣdarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuṣdara
tuṣdara
yuṣdara
tuṣdarā
yuṣdarā
nuṣdara
tuṣdarū
yuṣdarū
f
tuṣdarī
tuṣdara
tuṣdarā
tuṣdarna
yuṣdarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuṣdar
tuṣdar
yuṣdar
tuṣdarā
yuṣdarā
nuṣdar
tuṣdarū
yuṣdarū
f
tuṣdarī
tuṣdar
tuṣdarā
tuṣdarna
yuṣdarna

Pronunciation 2

Verb

صَدَّرَ • (ṣaddara) II, non-past يُصَدِّرُ‎‎ (yuṣaddiru) (transitive)

  1. to send, to send off, to send out
    1. to export
    2. to dispatch; to forward; to transport
    3. to publish, to issue, to promulgate
  2. to preface; to introduce
    Synonyms: قَدَّمَ‎ (qaddama), مَهَّدَ‎ (mahhada)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
صَدَّرَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taṣdīr
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
muṣaddir
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
muṣaddar
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ṣaddartu
ṣaddarta
صَدَّرَ

ṣaddara
ṣaddartumā
ṣaddarā
ṣaddarnā
ṣaddartum
ṣaddarū
f
ṣaddarti
ṣaddarat
ṣaddaratā
ṣaddartunna
ṣaddarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuṣaddiru
tuṣaddiru
yuṣaddiru
tuṣaddirāni
yuṣaddirāni
nuṣaddiru
tuṣaddirūna
yuṣaddirūna
f
tuṣaddirīna
tuṣaddiru
tuṣaddirāni
tuṣaddirna
yuṣaddirna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuṣaddira
tuṣaddira
yuṣaddira
tuṣaddirā
yuṣaddirā
nuṣaddira
tuṣaddirū
yuṣaddirū
f
tuṣaddirī
tuṣaddira
tuṣaddirā
tuṣaddirna
yuṣaddirna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuṣaddir
tuṣaddir
yuṣaddir
tuṣaddirā
yuṣaddirā
nuṣaddir
tuṣaddirū
yuṣaddirū
f
tuṣaddirī
tuṣaddir
tuṣaddirā
tuṣaddirna
yuṣaddirna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
صَدِّرْ

ṣaddir
ṣaddirā
ṣaddirū
f
ṣaddirī
ṣaddirna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ṣuddirtu
ṣuddirta
صُدِّرَ

ṣuddira
ṣuddirtumā
ṣuddirā
ṣuddirnā
ṣuddirtum
ṣuddirū
f
ṣuddirti
ṣuddirat
ṣuddiratā
ṣuddirtunna
ṣuddirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuṣaddaru
tuṣaddaru
yuṣaddaru
tuṣaddarāni
yuṣaddarāni
nuṣaddaru
tuṣaddarūna
yuṣaddarūna
f
tuṣaddarīna
tuṣaddaru
tuṣaddarāni
tuṣaddarna
yuṣaddarna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuṣaddara
tuṣaddara
yuṣaddara
tuṣaddarā
yuṣaddarā
nuṣaddara
tuṣaddarū
yuṣaddarū
f
tuṣaddarī
tuṣaddara
tuṣaddarā
tuṣaddarna
yuṣaddarna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuṣaddar
tuṣaddar
yuṣaddar
tuṣaddarā
yuṣaddarā
nuṣaddar
tuṣaddarū
yuṣaddarū
f
tuṣaddarī
tuṣaddar
tuṣaddarā
tuṣaddarna
yuṣaddarna

Pronunciation 3

  • IPA(key): /sˤadr/
  • Audio
    		(file)
Noun

صَدْر • (ṣadr) m (plural صُدُور‎ (ṣudūr))

  1. (uncountable) verbal noun of صَدَرَ (ṣadara) (form I)
  2. (countable) a chest, a breast
    1. a bust, a bosom
    2. something resembling, likened to, or related to chests (such as a center, a core, a heart, and so on)
  3. (countable) a front
    Synonyms: جَبَهَةَ‎ (jabahata), وَاجِهَة‎ (wājiha), مُقَدَّمَ‎ (muqaddama)
    Antonyms: عَجْز‎ (ʿajz), دُبْر‎ (dubr), مُؤَخَّرَ‎ (muʾaḵḵara)
    1. a person at the front, a leader, a commander
  4. (countable) a beginning, a start, an outset, a commencement; an inception; a dawn, a rise
Declension
Declension of noun صَدْر (ṣadr)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal صَدْر
ṣadr 		الصَّدْر‎
aṣ-ṣadr 		صَدْر
ṣadr
Nominative صَدْرٌ
ṣadrun 		الصَّدْرُ‎
aṣ-ṣadru 		صَدْرُ
ṣadru
Accusative صَدْرًا‎
ṣadran 		الصَّدْرَ‎
aṣ-ṣadra 		صَدْرَ
ṣadra
Genitive صَدْرٍ
ṣadrin 		الصَّدْرِ‎
aṣ-ṣadri 		صَدْرِ
ṣadri
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal صَدْرَيْن‎
ṣadrayn 		الصَّدْرَيْن‎
aṣ-ṣadrayn 		صَدْرَيْ‎
ṣadray
Nominative صَدْرَانِ‎
ṣadrāni 		الصَّدْرَانِ‎
aṣ-ṣadrāni 		صَدْرَا‎
ṣadrā
Accusative صَدْرَيْنِ‎
ṣadrayni 		الصَّدْرَيْنِ‎
aṣ-ṣadrayni 		صَدْرَيْ‎
ṣadray
Genitive صَدْرَيْنِ‎
ṣadrayni 		الصَّدْرَيْنِ‎
aṣ-ṣadrayni 		صَدْرَيْ‎
ṣadray
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal صُدُور‎
ṣudūr 		الصُّدُور‎
aṣ-ṣudūr 		صُدُور‎
ṣudūr
Nominative صُدُورٌ‎
ṣudūrun 		الصُّدُورُ‎
aṣ-ṣudūru 		صُدُورُ‎
ṣudūru
Accusative صُدُورًا‎
ṣudūran 		الصُّدُورَ‎
aṣ-ṣudūra 		صُدُورَ‎
ṣudūra
Genitive صُدُورٍ‎
ṣudūrin 		الصُّدُورِ‎
aṣ-ṣudūri 		صُدُورِ‎
ṣudūri

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) , “صدر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 485–486
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) , “صدر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 1318–1319
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) , “صدر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) , “صدر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[1], London: W.H. Allen, page 576
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) , “صدر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) , “صدر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 701–702

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic صَدَرَ‎ (ṣadara).

Pronunciation

Verb

صدر (ṣadar) (form I, present بصدر‎ (boṣdor), subjunctive يصدر‎ (yoṣdor)) (intransitive)

  1. to be published, to be issued, to be released
Conjugation
    Conjugation of صدر
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m صدرت‎ (ṣadart) صدرت‎ (ṣadart) صدر (ṣadar) صدرنا‎ (ṣadarna) صدرتو‎ (ṣadartu) صدرو‎ (ṣadaru)
f صدرتي‎ (ṣadarti) صدرت‎ (ṣadrat)
present m بصدر‎ (baṣdor) بتصدر‎ (btoṣdor) بصدر‎ (boṣdor) منصدر‎ (mnoṣdor) بتصدرو‎ (btoṣdoru) بصدرو‎ (boṣdoru)
f بتصدري‎ (btoṣdori) بتصدر‎ (btoṣdor)
subjunctive m اصدر‎ (aṣdor) تصدر‎ (toṣdor) يصدر‎ (yoṣdor) نصدر‎ (noṣdor) تصدرو‎ (toṣdoru) يصدرو‎ (yoṣdoru)
f تصدري‎ (toṣdori) تصدر‎ (toṣdor)
imperative m اصدر‎ (oṣdor) اصدرو‎ (oṣdoru)
f اصدري‎ (oṣdori)

Etymology 2

From Arabic صَدَّرَ‎ (ṣaddara).

Pronunciation

Verb

صدّر (ṣaddar) (form II, present بصدّر‎ (biṣadder), subjunctive يصدّر‎ (yṣadder)) (transitive)

  1. to publish, to issue, to release
  2. to export
Conjugation
    Conjugation of صدر
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m صدّرت‎ (ṣaddart) صدّرت‎ (ṣaddart) صدّر (ṣaddar) صدّرنا‎ (ṣaddarna) صدّرتو‎ (ṣaddartu) صدّرو‎ (ṣaddaru)
f صدّرتي‎ (ṣaddarti) صدّرت‎ (ṣaddarat)
present m بصدّر‎ (baṣadder) بتصدّر‎ (bitṣadder) بصدّر‎ (biṣadder) منصدّر‎ (minṣadder) بتصدّرو‎ (bitṣaddru) بصدّرو‎ (biṣaddru)
f بتصدّري‎ (bitṣaddri) بتصدّر‎ (bitṣadder)
subjunctive m اصدّر‎ (aṣadder) تصدّر‎ (tṣadder) يصدّر‎ (yṣadder) نصدّر‎ (nṣadder) تصدّرو‎ (tṣaddru) يصدّرو‎ (yṣaddru)
f تصدّري‎ (tṣaddri) تصدّر‎ (tṣadder)
imperative m صدّر (ṣadder) صدّرو‎ (ṣaddru)
f صدّري‎ (ṣaddri)
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