صرف

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Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Root
ص ر ف (ṣ r f)
7 terms

Verb

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صَرَفَ (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صَرْف (ṣarf))

  1. to turn
  2. to divert, to turn away, to avert
  3. to dismiss, to send away
  4. (grammar) to inflect (a noun) with tanween
  5. to change (money)
  6. to spend (money, time)
  7. to embellish (a speech)
  8. to deliver, distribute
Conjugation
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Verb

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صَرَّفَ (ṣarrafa) II (non-past يُصَرِّفُ (yuṣarrifu), verbal noun تَصْرِيف (taṣrīf))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 6:65:
      اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ نُصَرِّفُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَفْقَهُونَ
      unẓur kayfa nuṣarrifu l-ʔāyāti laʕallahum yafqahūna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:50:
      وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَاهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا فَأَبَىٰ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورًا
      walaqad ṣarrafnāhu baynahum liyaḏḏakkarū faʔabā ʔakṯaru n-nāsi ʔillā kufūran
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:164:
      إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱخْتِلَافِ ٱللَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَٱلْفُلْكِ ٱلَّتِي تَجْرِي فِي ٱلْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنْفَعُ ٱلنَّاسَ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاءِ مِن مَاءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ ٱلْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَاحِ وَٱلسَّحَابِ ٱلْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ ٱلسَّمَاءِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ
      ʔinna fī ḵalqi s-samāwāti wal-ʔarḍi waḵtilāfi l-layli wan-nahāri wal-fulki llatī tajrī fī l-baḥri bimā yanfaʕu n-nāsa wamā ʔanzala l-lahu mina s-samāʔi min māʔin faʔaḥyā bihi l-ʔarḍa baʕda mawtihā wabaṯṯa fīhā min kulli dābbatin wataṣrīfi r-riyāḥi was-saḥābi l-musaḵḵari bayna s-samāʔi wal-ʔarḍi laʔāyātin liqawmin yaʕqilūna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  4. (linguistic morphology) to inflect
  5. to conduct, to do
    وسنستمر في تصريف الاعمال بشكل عادي.
    We will continue to conduct business as normal.
Conjugation
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Verb

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صَرَفَ (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صُرُوف (ṣurūf))

  1. to drink (wine) unmixed
Conjugation
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Verb

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صَرَفَ (ṣarafa) I (non-past يَصْرِفُ (yaṣrifu), verbal noun صَرِيف (ṣarīf))

  1. to creak, to grate
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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صَرْف (ṣarfm

  1. verbal noun of صَرَفَ (ṣarafa) (form I)
  2. diverting, averting, turning away
  3. expenditure, expense
  4. delivery, distribution
  5. (grammar) morphology, the breaking down and manipulating of roots
    • 1894, Ahmad Al-Hamalāwi, “مُقَدِّمَة فِي تَعْرِيفِ الصَّرْفِ [muqaddima(t) fī taʕrīfi ṣ-ṣarfi, Introduction]”, in Muḥammad Aḥmad Qāsim, editor, شذا العرف في فن الصرف, المكتبة العصرية, published 2003, →ISBN, page 23:
      الصَّرفُ، ويُقال له التصريف، وهو لغة: التغيير، ومن تصريف الرياح، أي: تغييرها[١]. واصطلاحاً بالمعنى العَمَليّ: تحويل الأصل الواحد إلى أمثلة مختلفة، لمعان مقصودة، لا تحصل إلّا بها، كاسمي الفاعل والمفعول، واسم التفضيل، والتثنية والجمع، إلى غير ذلك[٢]. وبالمعنى العِلْميّ[٣]: علم بأصول يُعْرف بها أحوالُ أبنية الكلمة، التي ليست بإعراب ولا بناء(١).
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  6. (grammar) inflection of nouns with tanween
Declension
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Descendants
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  • Azerbaijani: sərf
  • Persian: صرف
  • Ottoman Turkish: صرف (sarf)
  • Uzbek: sarf

Persian

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Etymology 1

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From Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? sarf
Dari reading? sarf
Iranian reading? sarf
Tajik reading? sarf

Noun

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Dari صرف
Iranian Persian
Tajik сарф

صرف (sarf)

  1. conjugation
  2. spending; consuming
  3. (linguistics) morphology
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From Arabic صِرْف (ṣirf). Of likely Iranian origin; compare Old Armenian սուրբ (surb), Sanskrit शुभ्र (śubhra).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? sirf
Dari reading? sirf
Iranian reading? serf
Tajik reading? sirf

Adjective

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Dari صرف, خالی, فقط
Iranian Persian فقط
Tajik фақат, сирф

صرف (serf)

  1. mere, pure

Adverb

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صرف (serf)

  1. only, merely
Derived terms
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Descendants
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South Levantine Arabic

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Root
ص ر ف
2 terms

Etymology

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From Arabic صَرَفَ (ṣarafa).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /sˤa.raf/, [ˈsˤɑ.rˤɑf]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

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صرف (ṣaraf) I (present بصرف (boṣrof))

  1. to spend money
  2. to change money (to another currency or into smaller units)
  3. to dismiss, to fire (from work)
    Synonyms: عزل (ʕazal), فصل (faṣal), وقّف شغله (waʔʔaf šuḡlo)

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of صرف (ṣaraf)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m صرفت (ṣaraft) صرفت (ṣaraft) صرف (ṣaraf) صرفنا (ṣarafna) صرفتو (ṣaraftu) صرفو (ṣarafu)
f صرفتي (ṣarafti) صرفت (ṣarfat)
present m بصرف (baṣrof) بتصرف (btoṣrof) بصرف (boṣrof) منصرف (mnoṣrof) بتصرفو (btoṣrofu) بصرفو (boṣrofu)
f بتصرفي (btoṣrofi) بتصرف (btoṣrof)
subjunctive m أصرف (ʔaṣrof) تصرف (toṣrof) يصرف (yoṣrof) نصرف (noṣrof) تصرفو (toṣrofu) يصرفو (yoṣrofu)
f تصرفي (toṣrofi) تصرف (toṣrof)
imperative m اصرف (oṣrof) اصرفو (oṣrofu)
f اصرفي (oṣrofi)

Urdu

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Classical Persian صرف (sirf), from Arabic صِرْف (ṣirf).

Adverb

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صرف (sirf) (Hindi spelling सिर्फ़)

  1. only, just
    Synonym: بس (bas)
    مجھے صرف دو اور روپے کی ضرورت ہے۔
    mujhe sirf do aur rupe kī zarūrat hai.
    I only need two more rupees.

Adjective

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صرف (sirf) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling सिर्फ़)

  1. only
    Synonym: کیوَل (keval)
    صرف دو منٹsirf do minaṭonly two minutes

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Classical Persian صرف (sarf), from Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf).

Noun

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صرف (sarfm (Hindi spelling सर्फ़)

  1. (linguistics) morphology