ظلم
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From the root ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m). Compare Aramaic טלם.
Verb[edit]
ظَلَمَ • (ẓalama) I, non-past يَظْلِمُ (yaẓlimu)
- to wrong, to treat unjustly, to oppress
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 42:42:
- إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَظْلِمُونَ النَّاسَ وَيَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
- Indeed, the blame lieth only upon those ones who oppress [their fellow] Man, and who are insolent throughout the earth without any right whatsoever. They are those for whom a punishment most painful [will suffice].
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
ظَلَمَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns ظَلْم or ظُلْم or مَظْلِمَة or مَظْلَمَة or ظِلَام)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
ẓalm or ẓulm or maẓlima or maẓlama or ẓilām | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ẓālim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maẓlūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓalamtu |
ẓalamta |
ظَلَمَ ẓalama |
ẓalamtumā |
ẓalamā |
ẓalamnā |
ẓalamtum |
ẓalamū | |||
f | ẓalamti |
ẓalamat |
ẓalamatā |
ẓalamtunna |
ẓalamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaẓlimu |
taẓlimu |
yaẓlimu |
taẓlimāni |
yaẓlimāni |
naẓlimu |
taẓlimūna |
yaẓlimūna | |||
f | taẓlimīna |
taẓlimu |
taẓlimāni |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaẓlima |
taẓlima |
yaẓlima |
taẓlimā |
yaẓlimā |
naẓlima |
taẓlimū |
yaẓlimū | |||
f | taẓlimī |
taẓlima |
taẓlimā |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaẓlim |
taẓlim |
yaẓlim |
taẓlimā |
yaẓlimā |
naẓlim |
taẓlimū |
yaẓlimū | |||
f | taẓlimī |
taẓlim |
taẓlimā |
taẓlimna |
yaẓlimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iẓlim |
iẓlimā |
iẓlimū |
||||||||
f | iẓlimī |
iẓlimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓulimtu |
ẓulimta |
ظُلِمَ ẓulima |
ẓulimtumā |
ẓulimā |
ẓulimnā |
ẓulimtum |
ẓulimū | |||
f | ẓulimti |
ẓulimat |
ẓulimatā |
ẓulimtunna |
ẓulimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓlamu |
tuẓlamu |
yuẓlamu |
tuẓlamāni |
yuẓlamāni |
nuẓlamu |
tuẓlamūna |
yuẓlamūna | |||
f | tuẓlamīna |
tuẓlamu |
tuẓlamāni |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓlama |
tuẓlama |
yuẓlama |
tuẓlamā |
yuẓlamā |
nuẓlama |
tuẓlamū |
yuẓlamū | |||
f | tuẓlamī |
tuẓlama |
tuẓlamā |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓlam |
tuẓlam |
yuẓlam |
tuẓlamā |
yuẓlamā |
nuẓlam |
tuẓlamū |
yuẓlamū | |||
f | tuẓlamī |
tuẓlam |
tuẓlamā |
tuẓlamna |
yuẓlamna |
References[edit]
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “ظلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
Verb[edit]
ظَلِمَ • (ẓalima) I, non-past يَظْلَمُ (yaẓlamu)
- to become dark
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
ظَلِمَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun ظَلَم)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ظَلَم ẓalam | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ẓālim | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓalimtu |
ẓalimta |
ظَلِمَ ẓalima |
ẓalimtumā |
ẓalimā |
ẓalimnā |
ẓalimtum |
ẓalimū | |||
f | ẓalimti |
ẓalimat |
ẓalimatā |
ẓalimtunna |
ẓalimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaẓlamu |
taẓlamu |
yaẓlamu |
taẓlamāni |
yaẓlamāni |
naẓlamu |
taẓlamūna |
yaẓlamūna | |||
f | taẓlamīna |
taẓlamu |
taẓlamāni |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaẓlama |
taẓlama |
yaẓlama |
taẓlamā |
yaẓlamā |
naẓlama |
taẓlamū |
yaẓlamū | |||
f | taẓlamī |
taẓlama |
taẓlamā |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaẓlam |
taẓlam |
yaẓlam |
taẓlamā |
yaẓlamā |
naẓlam |
taẓlamū |
yaẓlamū | |||
f | taẓlamī |
taẓlam |
taẓlamā |
taẓlamna |
yaẓlamna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iẓlam |
iẓlamā |
iẓlamū |
||||||||
f | iẓlamī |
iẓlamna |
Verb[edit]
ظَلَّمَ • (ẓallama) II, non-past يُظَلِّمُ (yuẓallimu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
ظَلَّمَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taẓlīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muẓallim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muẓallam | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓallamtu |
ẓallamta |
ظَلَّمَ ẓallama |
ẓallamtumā |
ẓallamā |
ẓallamnā |
ẓallamtum |
ẓallamū | |||
f | ẓallamti |
ẓallamat |
ẓallamatā |
ẓallamtunna |
ẓallamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓallimu |
tuẓallimu |
yuẓallimu |
tuẓallimāni |
yuẓallimāni |
nuẓallimu |
tuẓallimūna |
yuẓallimūna | |||
f | tuẓallimīna |
tuẓallimu |
tuẓallimāni |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓallima |
tuẓallima |
yuẓallima |
tuẓallimā |
yuẓallimā |
nuẓallima |
tuẓallimū |
yuẓallimū | |||
f | tuẓallimī |
tuẓallima |
tuẓallimā |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓallim |
tuẓallim |
yuẓallim |
tuẓallimā |
yuẓallimā |
nuẓallim |
tuẓallimū |
yuẓallimū | |||
f | tuẓallimī |
tuẓallim |
tuẓallimā |
tuẓallimna |
yuẓallimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ظَلِّمْ ẓallim |
ẓallimā |
ẓallimū |
||||||||
f | ẓallimī |
ẓallimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓullimtu |
ẓullimta |
ظُلِّمَ ẓullima |
ẓullimtumā |
ẓullimā |
ẓullimnā |
ẓullimtum |
ẓullimū | |||
f | ẓullimti |
ẓullimat |
ẓullimatā |
ẓullimtunna |
ẓullimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuẓallamu |
tuẓallamu |
yuẓallamu |
tuẓallamāni |
yuẓallamāni |
nuẓallamu |
tuẓallamūna |
yuẓallamūna | |||
f | tuẓallamīna |
tuẓallamu |
tuẓallamāni |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuẓallama |
tuẓallama |
yuẓallama |
tuẓallamā |
yuẓallamā |
nuẓallama |
tuẓallamū |
yuẓallamū | |||
f | tuẓallamī |
tuẓallama |
tuẓallamā |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuẓallam |
tuẓallam |
yuẓallam |
tuẓallamā |
yuẓallamā |
nuẓallam |
tuẓallamū |
yuẓallamū | |||
f | tuẓallamī |
tuẓallam |
tuẓallamā |
tuẓallamna |
yuẓallamna |
Noun[edit]
ظُلْم • (ẓulm) m
- verbal noun of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) (form I)
- wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, tyranny
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun ظُلْم (ẓulm)
Synonyms[edit]
- جَوْر (jawr)
Descendants[edit]
- → Azerbaijani: zülm
- → Ottoman Turkish: ظلم (zulm, zulüm)
- → Persian: ظلم (zolm)
- → Swahili: dhuluma
- → Uyghur: زۇلۇم (zulum)
- → Uzbek: zulm
References[edit]
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “ظلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
Noun[edit]
ظُلَم • (ẓulam) f pl
Noun[edit]
ظَلْم • (ẓalm) m
- verbal noun of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) (form I)
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun ظَلْم (ẓalm)
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ظ ل م |
1 term |
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Arabic ظَلَمَ (ẓalama).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
ظلم • (ẓalam) (form I, present بظلم (boẓlom), passive participle مظلوم (maẓlūm))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of ظلم (ẓalam) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلمت (ẓalamt) | ظلم (ẓalam) | ظلمنا (ẓalamna) | ظلمتو (ẓalamtu) | ظلمو (ẓalamu) | |
f | ظلمتي (ẓalamti) | ظلمت (ẓalmat) | ||||||
present | m | بظلم (baẓlom) | بتظلم (btoẓlom) | بظلم (boẓlom) | منظلم (mnoẓlom) | بتظلمو (btoẓlomu) | بظلمو (boẓlomu) | |
f | بتظلمي (btoẓlomi) | بتظلم (btoẓlom) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أظلم (ʔaẓlom) | تظلم (toẓlom) | يظلم (yoẓlom) | نظلم (noẓlom) | تظلمو (toẓlomu) | يظلمو (yoẓlomu) | |
f | تظلمي (toẓlomi) | تظلم (toẓlom) | ||||||
imperative | m | اظلم (oẓlom) | اظلمو (oẓlomu) | |||||
f | اظلمي (oẓlomi) |
Urdu[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm, “injustice”) (through Classical Persian ظلم (zulm)).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /zʊlm/
- Rhymes: -ʊlm
Noun[edit]
ظُلْم • (zulm) m (Hindi spelling ज़ुल्म)
- wrongdoing, misdeed, injustice
- Synonym: ناانصافی (nāinsāfī)
- tyranny, oppression
- Synonym: جبر (jabr)
Declension[edit]
Declension of ظلم | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | ظُلم (zulm) | ظُلم (zulm) |
oblique | ظُلم (zulm) | ظُلموں (zulmō̃) |
vocative | ظُلم (zulm) | ظُلمو (zulmō) |
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ظ ل م
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
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- Arabic nouns
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- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
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- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ظ ل م
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- Rhymes:Urdu/ʊlm
- Rhymes:Urdu/ʊlm/1 syllable
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