عرق

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See also: غرف‎, عرف‎, غرق‎, ع ر ق‎, ع ر ف‎, and غ ر ق‎

Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q). Cognate to Ge'ez ዐረቀ (ʿäräḳä, “to be naked, to be orphaned, to be childless, to be bereft”).

Verb[edit]

عَرَقَ • (ʿaraqa) I, non-past يَعْرُقُ‎‎ (yaʿruqu)

  1. to strip of flesh, to nibble
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
عَرَقَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns مَعْرِق or عَرْق)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
مَعْرِق‎ or عَرْق

maʿriq or ʿarq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ʿāriq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maʿrūq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿaraqtu
ʿaraqta
عَرَقَ

ʿaraqa
ʿaraqtumā
ʿaraqā
ʿaraqnā
ʿaraqtum
ʿaraqū
f
ʿaraqti
ʿaraqat
ʿaraqatā
ʿaraqtunna
ʿaraqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾaʿruqu
taʿruqu
yaʿruqu
taʿruqāni
yaʿruqāni
naʿruqu
taʿruqūna
yaʿruqūna
f
taʿruqīna
taʿruqu
taʿruqāni
taʿruqna
yaʿruqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾaʿruqa
taʿruqa
yaʿruqa
taʿruqā
yaʿruqā
naʿruqa
taʿruqū
yaʿruqū
f
taʿruqī
taʿruqa
taʿruqā
taʿruqna
yaʿruqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾaʿruq
taʿruq
yaʿruq
taʿruqā
yaʿruqā
naʿruq
taʿruqū
yaʿruqū
f
taʿruqī
taʿruq
taʿruqā
taʿruqna
yaʿruqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
uʿruq
uʿruqā
uʿruqū
f
uʿruqī
uʿruqna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿuriqtu
ʿuriqta
عُرِقَ

ʿuriqa
ʿuriqtumā
ʿuriqā
ʿuriqnā
ʿuriqtum
ʿuriqū
f
ʿuriqti
ʿuriqat
ʿuriqatā
ʿuriqtunna
ʿuriqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuʿraqu
tuʿraqu
yuʿraqu
tuʿraqāni
yuʿraqāni
nuʿraqu
tuʿraqūna
yuʿraqūna
f
tuʿraqīna
tuʿraqu
tuʿraqāni
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿraqa
tuʿraqa
yuʿraqa
tuʿraqā
yuʿraqā
nuʿraqa
tuʿraqū
yuʿraqū
f
tuʿraqī
tuʿraqa
tuʿraqā
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿraq
tuʿraq
yuʿraq
tuʿraqā
yuʿraqā
nuʿraq
tuʿraqū
yuʿraqū
f
tuʿraqī
tuʿraq
tuʿraqā
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna

Verb[edit]

عُرِقَ • (ʿuriqa) I, non-past يُعْرَقُ‎‎ (yuʿraqu)

  1. to be emaciated
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
عُرِقَ
(form-I sound passive, verbal noun عَرْق)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
عَرْق

ʿarq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maʿrūq
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿuriqtu
ʿuriqta
عُرِقَ

ʿuriqa
ʿuriqtumā
ʿuriqā
ʿuriqnā
ʿuriqtum
ʿuriqū
f
ʿuriqti
ʿuriqat
ʿuriqatā
ʿuriqtunna
ʿuriqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuʿraqu
tuʿraqu
yuʿraqu
tuʿraqāni
yuʿraqāni
nuʿraqu
tuʿraqūna
yuʿraqūna
f
tuʿraqīna
tuʿraqu
tuʿraqāni
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿraqa
tuʿraqa
yuʿraqa
tuʿraqā
yuʿraqā
nuʿraqa
tuʿraqū
yuʿraqū
f
tuʿraqī
tuʿraqa
tuʿraqā
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿraq
tuʿraq
yuʿraq
tuʿraqā
yuʿraqā
nuʿraq
tuʿraqū
yuʿraqū
f
tuʿraqī
tuʿraq
tuʿraqā
tuʿraqna
yuʿraqna

Verb[edit]

عَرِقَ • (ʿariqa) I, non-past يَعْرَقُ‎‎ (yaʿraqu)

  1. to sweat, to perspire
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
عَرِقَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun عَرَق)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
عَرَق

ʿaraq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ʿāriq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿariqtu
ʿariqta
عَرِقَ

ʿariqa
ʿariqtumā
ʿariqā
ʿariqnā
ʿariqtum
ʿariqū
f
ʿariqti
ʿariqat
ʿariqatā
ʿariqtunna
ʿariqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾaʿraqu
taʿraqu
yaʿraqu
taʿraqāni
yaʿraqāni
naʿraqu
taʿraqūna
yaʿraqūna
f
taʿraqīna
taʿraqu
taʿraqāni
taʿraqna
yaʿraqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾaʿraqa
taʿraqa
yaʿraqa
taʿraqā
yaʿraqā
naʿraqa
taʿraqū
yaʿraqū
f
taʿraqī
taʿraqa
taʿraqā
taʿraqna
yaʿraqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾaʿraq
taʿraq
yaʿraq
taʿraqā
yaʿraqā
naʿraq
taʿraqū
yaʿraqū
f
taʿraqī
taʿraq
taʿraqā
taʿraqna
yaʿraqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
iʿraq
iʿraqā
iʿraqū
f
iʿraqī
iʿraqna

Etymology 2[edit]

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q). Cognate to Ge'ez ዐረቀ (ʿärräḳä, “to strip naked”)

Verb[edit]

عَرَّقَ • (ʿarraqa) II, non-past يُعَرِّقُ‎‎ (yuʿarriqu)

  1. to make sweat, to promote perspiration
  2. to water down, to dilute (a drink)
  3. to grow roots; to take root
  4. to be deeply rooted
  5. to vein, to marble
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
عَرَّقَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taʿrīq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
muʿarriq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
muʿarraq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿarraqtu
ʿarraqta
عَرَّقَ

ʿarraqa
ʿarraqtumā
ʿarraqā
ʿarraqnā
ʿarraqtum
ʿarraqū
f
ʿarraqti
ʿarraqat
ʿarraqatā
ʿarraqtunna
ʿarraqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuʿarriqu
tuʿarriqu
yuʿarriqu
tuʿarriqāni
yuʿarriqāni
nuʿarriqu
tuʿarriqūna
yuʿarriqūna
f
tuʿarriqīna
tuʿarriqu
tuʿarriqāni
tuʿarriqna
yuʿarriqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿarriqa
tuʿarriqa
yuʿarriqa
tuʿarriqā
yuʿarriqā
nuʿarriqa
tuʿarriqū
yuʿarriqū
f
tuʿarriqī
tuʿarriqa
tuʿarriqā
tuʿarriqna
yuʿarriqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿarriq
tuʿarriq
yuʿarriq
tuʿarriqā
yuʿarriqā
nuʿarriq
tuʿarriqū
yuʿarriqū
f
tuʿarriqī
tuʿarriq
tuʿarriqā
tuʿarriqna
yuʿarriqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
عَرِّقْ

ʿarriq
ʿarriqā
ʿarriqū
f
ʿarriqī
ʿarriqna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿurriqtu
ʿurriqta
عُرِّقَ

ʿurriqa
ʿurriqtumā
ʿurriqā
ʿurriqnā
ʿurriqtum
ʿurriqū
f
ʿurriqti
ʿurriqat
ʿurriqatā
ʿurriqtunna
ʿurriqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾuʿarraqu
tuʿarraqu
yuʿarraqu
tuʿarraqāni
yuʿarraqāni
nuʿarraqu
tuʿarraqūna
yuʿarraqūna
f
tuʿarraqīna
tuʿarraqu
tuʿarraqāni
tuʿarraqna
yuʿarraqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿarraqa
tuʿarraqa
yuʿarraqa
tuʿarraqā
yuʿarraqā
nuʿarraqa
tuʿarraqū
yuʿarraqū
f
tuʿarraqī
tuʿarraqa
tuʿarraqā
tuʿarraqna
yuʿarraqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿarraq
tuʿarraq
yuʿarraq
tuʿarraqā
yuʿarraqā
nuʿarraq
tuʿarraqū
yuʿarraqū
f
tuʿarraqī
tuʿarraq
tuʿarraqā
tuʿarraqna
yuʿarraqna

Etymology 3[edit]

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q).

Noun[edit]

عَرَق • (ʿaraq) m

  1. verbal noun of عَرِقَ (ʿariqa) (form I)
  2. sweat, perspiration
  3. arrack (a clear raisin liquor that turns cloudy when water is added)
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun عَرَق (ʿaraq)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَرَق
ʿaraq 		الْعَرَق‎
al-ʿaraq 		عَرَق
ʿaraq
Nominative عَرَقٌ
ʿaraqun 		الْعَرَقُ‎
al-ʿaraqu 		عَرَقُ
ʿaraqu
Accusative عَرَقًا‎
ʿaraqan 		الْعَرَقَ‎
al-ʿaraqa 		عَرَقَ
ʿaraqa
Genitive عَرَقٍ
ʿaraqin 		الْعَرَقِ‎
al-ʿaraqi 		عَرَقِ
ʿaraqi
Descendants[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q) in the sense of plants “perspiring” roots or roots being naked or stripped from earth when looked upon; or metathesis from the root ع ق ر‎ (ʿ-q-r) related to عَقَار‎ (ʿaqār, “real estate, ground, land”), compare against its Aramaic cognate עִיקָּרָא‎ / ܥܶܩܳܪܳܐ‎ (ʿiqqārā, ʿeqqārā, “root”) and Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩧𐩤‎ (ʿrq, “collarbone; lowlying land, plain, depression”).

Noun[edit]

عِرْق • (ʿirq) m (plural عُرُوق‎ (ʿurūq) or أَعْراق‎ (ʾaʿrāq))

  1. plant stem, leaf stem
  2. vein
    • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 33, Art. 9, page 673:
      ‏فإذا أَرَدتَ فتح عرق أو وداج فخذ المبضع بين إصبعك الإبهام والسبّابة كأخذك القلم للكتابة به وليكن نصابه في راحتك وتخرج من رأسه خارج طرفي إصبعك المذكورين قدر طول ظفر إبهامك وأقلّ من ذلك إلى قدر نصف ظفر إبهامك ثم أفتح العرق إلى فوق شقّا بليغا برفق وخفّة. وأمّا التوديج يالقضيب وهو معلوم فتركب فيه المبضع وتخرج من طرفه خارج من القضيب قدر طول ظفر إبهامك، ولا تعجل بالضرب بالمبضع حتّى تقف على العرق بعينه وخاصة الوداجين، ولا تودّج حتّى تستوثق من الدابّة بالشكل والزيار ليألُ يضطرب وتختنق الدابّة بالخناق خنقا شديدا ليدرّ العرق. فإنّ ذلك موضوع خبيث وإن جاوزت يدك ربّما أصاب المبضع عرق الماء وهو المريء الدابّة فقتله.‎‎
      If you want to open a vein or jugular, take the scalpel between your thumb and index finger, take it like you take the quill for writing with it, so that its grip is in your palm, and you turn away from its head outwith the two tips of your said fingers by a length of the nail of your thumb and less than that by a half of the nail of your thumb, then you open the vein upwards making a sufficient cut with gentleness and levity. And what concerns the cutting the jugular with the known rod, you mount the scalpel in it and you move away from the rod’s tip by the length of the nail of your thumb, but don’t hasten with hitting with the scalpel until you have discerned the vein by its eye, particularly the two jugulars, and don’t do a jugular cut until you have provided for the security of the beast by hopples and a twitch, so you do not agitate or suffocate the beast at its throat by excessive choking, so the vein flows with abundance. This part being particularly perilous, if your hand go to far then the scalpel could hit the water vein [or windpipe], that is the oesophaghus of the beast, and it would kill it.
  3. hereditary disposition
  4. race, stock, descent
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun عِرْق (ʿirq)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عِرْق
ʿirq 		الْعِرْق‎
al-ʿirq 		عِرْق
ʿirq
Nominative عِرْقٌ
ʿirqun 		الْعِرْقُ‎
al-ʿirqu 		عِرْقُ
ʿirqu
Accusative عِرْقًا‎
ʿirqan 		الْعِرْقَ‎
al-ʿirqa 		عِرْقَ
ʿirqa
Genitive عِرْقٍ
ʿirqin 		الْعِرْقِ‎
al-ʿirqi 		عِرْقِ
ʿirqi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عِرْقَيْن‎
ʿirqayn 		الْعِرْقَيْن‎
al-ʿirqayn 		عِرْقَيْ‎
ʿirqay
Nominative عِرْقَانِ‎
ʿirqāni 		الْعِرْقَانِ‎
al-ʿirqāni 		عِرْقَا‎
ʿirqā
Accusative عِرْقَيْنِ‎
ʿirqayni 		الْعِرْقَيْنِ‎
al-ʿirqayni 		عِرْقَيْ‎
ʿirqay
Genitive عِرْقَيْنِ‎
ʿirqayni 		الْعِرْقَيْنِ‎
al-ʿirqayni 		عِرْقَيْ‎
ʿirqay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عُرُوق‎
ʿurūq 		الْعُرُوق‎
al-ʿurūq 		عُرُوق‎
ʿurūq
Nominative عُرُوقٌ‎
ʿurūqun 		الْعُرُوقُ‎
al-ʿurūqu 		عُرُوقُ‎
ʿurūqu
Accusative عُرُوقًا‎
ʿurūqan 		الْعُرُوقَ‎
al-ʿurūqa 		عُرُوقَ‎
ʿurūqa
Genitive عُرُوقٍ‎
ʿurūqin 		الْعُرُوقِ‎
al-ʿurūqi 		عُرُوقِ‎
ʿurūqi

References[edit]

  • Freytag, Georg (1835), “عرق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 142
  • Schwally, Friedrich (1898), “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎[1] (in German), volume 52, pages 140–142

Azerbaijani[edit]

Other scripts
Cyrillic араг
Roman araq
Perso-Arabic عرق

Noun[edit]

عرق (definite accusative عرقی‎, plural عرقلار‎)

  1. Arabic spelling of araq (“vodka”)

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Root
ع ر ق‎

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic عَرِقَ‎ (ʿariqa)

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

عرق • (ʕraq) (form I, non-past يعرق‎ (yiʕraq)) (intransitive)

  1. to sweat
    ‏كنعرق فيساع فهاد الجو.‎‎
    kanaʕraq fīsāʕ f-hād el-jaww.
    I sweat quickly in this weather.
Conjugation[edit]

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic عَرَّقَ‎ (ʿarraqa)

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

عرق • (ʕarraq) (form II, non-past يعرق‎ (yʕarraq)) (transitive)

  1. to make sweat
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of عرق
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عرّقت‎ (ʕarraqt) عرّقتي‎ (ʕarraqti) عرّق (ʕarraq) عرّقنا‎ (ʕarraqna) عرّقتوا‎ (ʕarraqtu) عرّقوا‎ (ʕarrqu)
f عرّقت‎ (ʕarrqāt)
non-past m نعرّق‎ (nʕarraq) تعرّق‎ (tʕarraq) يعرّق‎ (yʕarraq) نعرّقوا‎ (nʕarrqu) تعرّقوا‎ (tʕarrqu) يعرّقوا‎ (yʕarrqu)
f تعرّقي‎ (tʕarrqi) تعرّق‎ (tʕarraq)
imperative m عرّق (ʕarraq) عرّقوا‎ (ʕarrqu)
f عرّقي‎ (ʕarrqi)

Etymology 3[edit]

From Arabic عَرَق‎ (ʿaraq)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

عرق • (ʕarq) m

  1. sweat
    ‏غيمرضك العرق فهاد البرد.‎‎
    ḡaymarrḍak el-ʕarq f-hād el-bard.
    The sweat will make you sick in this cold weather.

Persian[edit]

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Etymology[edit]

Ultimately from Arabic عَرَق‎ (ʿaraq).

Noun[edit]

عرق • ('araq)

  1. sweat, perspiration
    Synonym: خوی‎ (xoy)
  2. arak, araq (aniseed-flavoured distilled alcoholic drink)
  3. spirit, any type of distilled alcoholic beverage

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

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