قرب
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
- From the root ق ر ب (q-r-b), with the form I being reconstructed securely as Proto-Semitic *ḳarib-, likewise the form II as Proto-Semitic *ḳarrib-.
- While the Biblical Hebrew קָרַב (qāráḇ, “to approach”) governs prepositions of approach like אֶל (el), לְ (lə), עַל (ʿal), the Arabic قَرُبَ (qaruba) has obtained the opposited preposition مِن (min) by analogy of بَعُدَ (baʕuda, “to be far”); compare the same with دَنَا (danā, “to come near”).[1]
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Verb[edit]
قَرُبَ • (qaruba) I, non-past يَقْرُبُ (yaqrubu)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
قَرُبَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns قُرْب or مَقْرَبَة or قَرَابَة or مَقْرُبَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
qurb or maqraba or qarāba or maqruba | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
qārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maqrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qarubtu |
qarubta |
قَرُبَ qaruba |
qarubtumā |
qarubā |
qarubnā |
qarubtum |
qarubū | |||
f | qarubti |
qarubat |
qarubatā |
qarubtunna |
qarubna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaqrubu |
taqrubu |
yaqrubu |
taqrubāni |
yaqrubāni |
naqrubu |
taqrubūna |
yaqrubūna | |||
f | taqrubīna |
taqrubu |
taqrubāni |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaqruba |
taqruba |
yaqruba |
taqrubā |
yaqrubā |
naqruba |
taqrubū |
yaqrubū | |||
f | taqrubī |
taqruba |
taqrubā |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaqrub |
taqrub |
yaqrub |
taqrubā |
yaqrubā |
naqrub |
taqrubū |
yaqrubū | |||
f | taqrubī |
taqrub |
taqrubā |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uqrub |
uqrubā |
uqrubū |
||||||||
f | uqrubī |
uqrubna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | قُرِبَ quriba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuqrabu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuqraba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuqrab |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Verb[edit]
قَرُبَ • (qaruba) I, non-past يَقْرُبُ (yaqrubu)
- to be related, to be of close relations, to be kindred (especially on the maternal side)
- to have relation to something, to be associated
- to be engaged with, to be or become involved with
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
قَرُبَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns قَرَابَة or قُرْبَة or قُرْبَى or مَقْرَبَة)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
qarāba or qurba or qurbā or maqraba | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
qārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maqrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qarubtu |
qarubta |
قَرُبَ qaruba |
qarubtumā |
qarubā |
qarubnā |
qarubtum |
qarubū | |||
f | qarubti |
qarubat |
qarubatā |
qarubtunna |
qarubna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaqrubu |
taqrubu |
yaqrubu |
taqrubāni |
yaqrubāni |
naqrubu |
taqrubūna |
yaqrubūna | |||
f | taqrubīna |
taqrubu |
taqrubāni |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaqruba |
taqruba |
yaqruba |
taqrubā |
yaqrubā |
naqruba |
taqrubū |
yaqrubū | |||
f | taqrubī |
taqruba |
taqrubā |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaqrub |
taqrub |
yaqrub |
taqrubā |
yaqrubā |
naqrub |
taqrubū |
yaqrubū | |||
f | taqrubī |
taqrub |
taqrubā |
taqrubna |
yaqrubna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uqrub |
uqrubā |
uqrubū |
||||||||
f | uqrubī |
uqrubna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | قُرِبَ quriba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuqrabu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuqraba |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuqrab |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
قَرِبَ • (qariba) I, non-past يَقْرَبُ (yaqrabu)
- (transitive) to be near, to come near, to approach [+accusative]
- لَا تَقْرَبِ الْأَسَدَ فَيَأْكُلَكَ.
- lā taqrabi al-ʔasada fayaʔkulaka.
- Do not approach the lion lest he eat you.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:35:
- وَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ ٱسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنْهَا رَغَدًا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّالِمِين
- waqulnā yā ʔādamu skun ʔanta wazawjuka l-jannata wakulā minhā raḡadan ḥayṯu šiʔtumā walā taqrabā hāḏihi š-šajarata fatakūnā mina ẓ-ẓālimīn
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (transitive, euphemistic) to copulate with
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:222:
- وَلَا تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَطْهُرْنَ
- walā taqrabūhunna ḥattā yaṭhurna
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
قَرِبَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns قِرْبَان or قُرْبَان)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
qirbān or qurbān | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
qārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maqrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qaribtu |
qaribta |
قَرِبَ qariba |
qaribtumā |
qaribā |
qaribnā |
qaribtum |
qaribū | |||
f | qaribti |
qaribat |
qaribatā |
qaribtunna |
qaribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaqrabu |
taqrabu |
yaqrabu |
taqrabāni |
yaqrabāni |
naqrabu |
taqrabūna |
yaqrabūna | |||
f | taqrabīna |
taqrabu |
taqrabāni |
taqrabna |
yaqrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaqraba |
taqraba |
yaqraba |
taqrabā |
yaqrabā |
naqraba |
taqrabū |
yaqrabū | |||
f | taqrabī |
taqraba |
taqrabā |
taqrabna |
yaqrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaqrab |
taqrab |
yaqrab |
taqrabā |
yaqrabā |
naqrab |
taqrabū |
yaqrabū | |||
f | taqrabī |
taqrab |
taqrabā |
taqrabna |
yaqrabna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iqrab |
iqrabā |
iqrabū |
||||||||
f | iqrabī |
iqrabna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | quribtu |
quribta |
قُرِبَ quriba |
quribtumā |
quribā |
quribnā |
quribtum |
quribū | |||
f | quribti |
quribat |
quribatā |
quribtunna |
quribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqrabu |
tuqrabu |
yuqrabu |
tuqrabāni |
yuqrabāni |
nuqrabu |
tuqrabūna |
yuqrabūna | |||
f | tuqrabīna |
tuqrabu |
tuqrabāni |
tuqrabna |
yuqrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqraba |
tuqraba |
yuqraba |
tuqrabā |
yuqrabā |
nuqraba |
tuqrabū |
yuqrabū | |||
f | tuqrabī |
tuqraba |
tuqrabā |
tuqrabna |
yuqrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqrab |
tuqrab |
yuqrab |
tuqrabā |
yuqrabā |
nuqrab |
tuqrabū |
yuqrabū | |||
f | tuqrabī |
tuqrab |
tuqrabā |
tuqrabna |
yuqrabna |
Pronunciation 3[edit]
Verb[edit]
قَرَّبَ • (qarraba) II, non-past يُقَرِّبُ (yuqarribu)
- to cause or allow to be near
- to make or let approach
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
قَرَّبَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taqrīb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muqarrib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muqarrab | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qarrabtu |
qarrabta |
قَرَّبَ qarraba |
qarrabtumā |
qarrabā |
qarrabnā |
qarrabtum |
qarrabū | |||
f | qarrabti |
qarrabat |
qarrabatā |
qarrabtunna |
qarrabna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqarribu |
tuqarribu |
yuqarribu |
tuqarribāni |
yuqarribāni |
nuqarribu |
tuqarribūna |
yuqarribūna | |||
f | tuqarribīna |
tuqarribu |
tuqarribāni |
tuqarribna |
yuqarribna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqarriba |
tuqarriba |
yuqarriba |
tuqarribā |
yuqarribā |
nuqarriba |
tuqarribū |
yuqarribū | |||
f | tuqarribī |
tuqarriba |
tuqarribā |
tuqarribna |
yuqarribna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqarrib |
tuqarrib |
yuqarrib |
tuqarribā |
yuqarribā |
nuqarrib |
tuqarribū |
yuqarribū | |||
f | tuqarribī |
tuqarrib |
tuqarribā |
tuqarribna |
yuqarribna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | قَرِّبْ qarrib |
qarribā |
qarribū |
||||||||
f | qarribī |
qarribna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qurribtu |
qurribta |
قُرِّبَ qurriba |
qurribtumā |
qurribā |
qurribnā |
qurribtum |
qurribū | |||
f | qurribti |
qurribat |
qurribatā |
qurribtunna |
qurribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqarrabu |
tuqarrabu |
yuqarrabu |
tuqarrabāni |
yuqarrabāni |
nuqarrabu |
tuqarrabūna |
yuqarrabūna | |||
f | tuqarrabīna |
tuqarrabu |
tuqarrabāni |
tuqarrabna |
yuqarrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqarraba |
tuqarraba |
yuqarraba |
tuqarrabā |
yuqarrabā |
nuqarraba |
tuqarrabū |
yuqarrabū | |||
f | tuqarrabī |
tuqarraba |
tuqarrabā |
tuqarrabna |
yuqarrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqarrab |
tuqarrab |
yuqarrab |
tuqarrabā |
yuqarrabā |
nuqarrab |
tuqarrabū |
yuqarrabū | |||
f | tuqarrabī |
tuqarrab |
tuqarrabā |
tuqarrabna |
yuqarrabna |
Pronunciation 4[edit]
Noun[edit]
قُرْب • (qurb) m
- verbal noun of قَرُبَ (qaruba) (form I)
- nearness, presence
- عِنْدَمَا كَانَ جَالِسًا بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْ زَوْجَتِهِ... صَرَخَتْ فِي وَجْهِهِ قَائِلَةً: ”اِبْتَعِدْ عَنِّي!“
- ʕindamā kāna jālisan bi-l-qurbi min zawjatihi... ṣaraḵat fī wajhihi qāʔilatan: ”ibtaʕid ʕannī!“
- When he was sitting next to his wife... she yelled into his face, saying: “Go away from me!”
- 2004, Nancy Ajram, “Ana Leih”, in Ah W Noss:
- أنا ليه بحب حبك قوي كده ليه
وأموت في قربك أنا كده ليه- ʾana leih bi-ḥubbi ḥubbak qawī kida leih
wa-'mūtu fī qorbak ʾana kida leih
- ʾana leih bi-ḥubbi ḥubbak qawī kida leih
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun قُرْب (qurb)
Descendants[edit]
Pronunciation 5[edit]
Preposition[edit]
قُرْبَ • (qurba)
- near, in the vicinity of
- قُرْبَ ٱلظُّهْر ― qurba ẓ-ẓuhr ― towards noon
References[edit]
- ^ Barth, Jakob (1906), “Formangleichung bei begrifflichen Korrespondenzen”, in Orientalische Studien. Theodor Nöldeke zum siebzigsten Geburtstag (2. März 1906), gewidmet von Freunden und Schülern und in ihrem Auftrag herausgegeben von Carl Bezold (in German), Gießen: Alfred Töpelmann, page 795
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ق ر ب |
5 terms |
Etymology[edit]
From Arabic قَرَّبَ (qarraba).
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): (Urban) /ʔar.rab/, [ˈʔar.rab]
- IPA(key): (Bedouin) /ɡar.rab/, [ˈɡar.rab]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb[edit]
قرّب • (ʔarrab) (form II, present بقرّب (biʔarreb))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of قرّب (ʔarrab) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | قرّبت (ʔarrabt) | قرّبت (ʔarrabt) | قرّب (ʔarrab) | قرّبنا (ʔarrabna) | قرّبتو (ʔarrabtu) | قرّبو (ʔarrabu) | |
f | قرّبتي (ʔarrabti) | قرّبت (ʔarrabat) | ||||||
present | m | بقرّب (baʔarreb) | بتقرّب (bitʔarreb) | بقرّب (biʔarreb) | منقرّب (minʔarreb) | بتقرّبو (bitʔarrbu) | بقرّبو (biʔarrbu) | |
f | بتقرّبي (bitʔarrbi) | بتقرّب (bitʔarreb) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اقرّب (aʔarreb) | تقرّب (tʔarreb) | يقرّب (yʔarreb) | نقرّب (nʔarreb) | تقرّبو (tʔarrbu) | يقرّبو (yʔarrbu) | |
f | تقرّبي (tʔarrbi) | تقرّب (tʔarreb) | ||||||
imperative | m | قرّب (ʔarreb) | قرّبو (ʔarrbu) | |||||
f | قرّبي (ʔarrbi) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ق ر ب
- Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
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- ar:Sex
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- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic prepositions
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ق ر ب
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic verbs
- South Levantine Arabic form-II verbs