نجف
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From the root ن ج ف (n-j-f) originally stemming from the butting together of horns; hence the wide semantic range "to push or thrust", "to gore or stab", "to knock about", "to be pushed about".
Verb[edit]
نَجَفَ • (najafa) I, non-past يَنْجَفُ (yanjafu)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
نَجَفَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نَجْف)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
نَجْف najf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nājif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
manjūf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | najaftu |
najafta |
نَجَفَ najafa |
najaftumā |
najafā |
najafnā |
najaftum |
najafū | |||
f | najafti |
najafat |
najafatā |
najaftunna |
najafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanjafu |
tanjafu |
yanjafu |
tanjafāni |
yanjafāni |
nanjafu |
tanjafūna |
yanjafūna | |||
f | tanjafīna |
tanjafu |
tanjafāni |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanjafa |
tanjafa |
yanjafa |
tanjafā |
yanjafā |
nanjafa |
tanjafū |
yanjafū | |||
f | tanjafī |
tanjafa |
tanjafā |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanjaf |
tanjaf |
yanjaf |
tanjafā |
yanjafā |
nanjaf |
tanjafū |
yanjafū | |||
f | tanjafī |
tanjaf |
tanjafā |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | injaf |
injafā |
injafū |
||||||||
f | injafī |
injafna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nujiftu |
nujifta |
نُجِفَ nujifa |
nujiftumā |
nujifā |
nujifnā |
nujiftum |
nujifū | |||
f | nujifti |
nujifat |
nujifatā |
nujiftunna |
nujifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunjafu |
tunjafu |
yunjafu |
tunjafāni |
yunjafāni |
nunjafu |
tunjafūna |
yunjafūna | |||
f | tunjafīna |
tunjafu |
tunjafāni |
tunjafna |
yunjafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunjafa |
tunjafa |
yunjafa |
tunjafā |
yunjafā |
nunjafa |
tunjafū |
yunjafū | |||
f | tunjafī |
tunjafa |
tunjafā |
tunjafna |
yunjafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunjaf |
tunjaf |
yunjaf |
tunjafā |
yunjafā |
nunjaf |
tunjafū |
yunjafū | |||
f | tunjafī |
tunjaf |
tunjafā |
tunjafna |
yunjafna |
Verb[edit]
نَجَفَ • (najafa) I, non-past يَنْجَفُ (yanjafu)
- to bolt or to lock a door
- to barricade, to set up a blockade
- to shield or block
- to push back, to be a barrier or resistance against another thing
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
نَجَفَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun نِجَاف)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
nijāf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
nājif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
manjūf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | najaftu |
najafta |
نَجَفَ najafa |
najaftumā |
najafā |
najafnā |
najaftum |
najafū | |||
f | najafti |
najafat |
najafatā |
najaftunna |
najafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanjafu |
tanjafu |
yanjafu |
tanjafāni |
yanjafāni |
nanjafu |
tanjafūna |
yanjafūna | |||
f | tanjafīna |
tanjafu |
tanjafāni |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanjafa |
tanjafa |
yanjafa |
tanjafā |
yanjafā |
nanjafa |
tanjafū |
yanjafū | |||
f | tanjafī |
tanjafa |
tanjafā |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanjaf |
tanjaf |
yanjaf |
tanjafā |
yanjafā |
nanjaf |
tanjafū |
yanjafū | |||
f | tanjafī |
tanjaf |
tanjafā |
tanjafna |
yanjafna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | injaf |
injafā |
injafū |
||||||||
f | injafī |
injafna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nujiftu |
nujifta |
نُجِفَ nujifa |
nujiftumā |
nujifā |
nujifnā |
nujiftum |
nujifū | |||
f | nujifti |
nujifat |
nujifatā |
nujiftunna |
nujifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunjafu |
tunjafu |
yunjafu |
tunjafāni |
yunjafāni |
nunjafu |
tunjafūna |
yunjafūna | |||
f | tunjafīna |
tunjafu |
tunjafāni |
tunjafna |
yunjafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunjafa |
tunjafa |
yunjafa |
tunjafā |
yunjafā |
nunjafa |
tunjafū |
yunjafū | |||
f | tunjafī |
tunjafa |
tunjafā |
tunjafna |
yunjafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunjaf |
tunjaf |
yunjaf |
tunjafā |
yunjafā |
nunjaf |
tunjafū |
yunjafū | |||
f | tunjafī |
tunjaf |
tunjafā |
tunjafna |
yunjafna |
Verb[edit]
نَجَّفَ • (najjafa) II, non-past يُنَجِّفُ (yunajjifu)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
نَجَّفَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tanjīf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
munajjif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
munajjaf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | najjaftu |
najjafta |
نَجَّفَ najjafa |
najjaftumā |
najjafā |
najjafnā |
najjaftum |
najjafū | |||
f | najjafti |
najjafat |
najjafatā |
najjaftunna |
najjafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunajjifu |
tunajjifu |
yunajjifu |
tunajjifāni |
yunajjifāni |
nunajjifu |
tunajjifūna |
yunajjifūna | |||
f | tunajjifīna |
tunajjifu |
tunajjifāni |
tunajjifna |
yunajjifna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunajjifa |
tunajjifa |
yunajjifa |
tunajjifā |
yunajjifā |
nunajjifa |
tunajjifū |
yunajjifū | |||
f | tunajjifī |
tunajjifa |
tunajjifā |
tunajjifna |
yunajjifna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunajjif |
tunajjif |
yunajjif |
tunajjifā |
yunajjifā |
nunajjif |
tunajjifū |
yunajjifū | |||
f | tunajjifī |
tunajjif |
tunajjifā |
tunajjifna |
yunajjifna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | نَجِّفْ najjif |
najjifā |
najjifū |
||||||||
f | najjifī |
najjifna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nujjiftu |
nujjifta |
نُجِّفَ nujjifa |
nujjiftumā |
nujjifā |
nujjifnā |
nujjiftum |
nujjifū | |||
f | nujjifti |
nujjifat |
nujjifatā |
nujjiftunna |
nujjifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunajjafu |
tunajjafu |
yunajjafu |
tunajjafāni |
yunajjafāni |
nunajjafu |
tunajjafūna |
yunajjafūna | |||
f | tunajjafīna |
tunajjafu |
tunajjafāni |
tunajjafna |
yunajjafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunajjafa |
tunajjafa |
yunajjafa |
tunajjafā |
yunajjafā |
nunajjafa |
tunajjafū |
yunajjafū | |||
f | tunajjafī |
tunajjafa |
tunajjafā |
tunajjafna |
yunajjafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunajjaf |
tunajjaf |
yunajjaf |
tunajjafā |
yunajjafā |
nunajjaf |
tunajjafū |
yunajjafū | |||
f | tunajjafī |
tunajjaf |
tunajjafā |
tunajjafna |
yunajjafna |
Noun[edit]
نَجَف • (najaf) m (plural نِجَاف (nijāf))
- elevated place not reached by water, hill, dike
- embankment, battlement
- dune especially those that drift or are pushed around or formed by the wind
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun نَجَف (najaf)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَجَف najaf |
النَّجَف an-najaf |
نَجَف najaf |
Nominative | نَجَفٌ najafun |
النَّجَفُ an-najafu |
نَجَفُ najafu |
Accusative | نَجَفًا najafan |
النَّجَفَ an-najafa |
نَجَفَ najafa |
Genitive | نَجَفٍ najafin |
النَّجَفِ an-najafi |
نَجَفِ najafi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَجَفَيْن najafayn |
النَّجَفَيْن an-najafayn |
نَجَفَيْ najafay |
Nominative | نَجَفَانِ najafāni |
النَّجَفَانِ an-najafāni |
نَجَفَا najafā |
Accusative | نَجَفَيْنِ najafayni |
النَّجَفَيْنِ an-najafayni |
نَجَفَيْ najafay |
Genitive | نَجَفَيْنِ najafayni |
النَّجَفَيْنِ an-najafayni |
نَجَفَيْ najafay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نِجَاف nijāf |
النِّجَاف an-nijāf |
نِجَاف nijāf |
Nominative | نِجَافٌ nijāfun |
النِّجَافُ an-nijāfu |
نِجَافُ nijāfu |
Accusative | نِجَافًا nijāfan |
النِّجَافَ an-nijāfa |
نِجَافَ nijāfa |
Genitive | نِجَافٍ nijāfin |
النِّجَافِ an-nijāfi |
نِجَافِ nijāfi |
Etymology 2[edit]
From دُرّ النَجَف (durr an-najaf, “the pearls of Najaf”), named from the city Najaf, the surrounding hills of which are famed for their abundant quartz deposits.
Noun[edit]
نَجَف • (najaf) m (collective, singulative نَجَفَة f (najafa))
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun نَجَف (najaf)
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَجَف najaf |
النَّجَف an-najaf |
نَجَف najaf |
Nominative | نَجَفٌ najafun |
النَّجَفُ an-najafu |
نَجَفُ najafu |
Accusative | نَجَفًا najafan |
النَّجَفَ an-najafa |
نَجَفَ najafa |
Genitive | نَجَفٍ najafin |
النَّجَفِ an-najafi |
نَجَفِ najafi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَجَفَة najafa |
النَّجَفَة an-najafa |
نَجَفَة najafat |
Nominative | نَجَفَةٌ najafatun |
النَّجَفَةُ an-najafatu |
نَجَفَةُ najafatu |
Accusative | نَجَفَةً najafatan |
النَّجَفَةَ an-najafata |
نَجَفَةَ najafata |
Genitive | نَجَفَةٍ najafatin |
النَّجَفَةِ an-najafati |
نَجَفَةِ najafati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَجَفَتَيْن najafatayn |
النَّجَفَتَيْن an-najafatayn |
نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay |
Nominative | نَجَفَتَانِ najafatāni |
النَّجَفَتَانِ an-najafatāni |
نَجَفَتَا najafatā |
Accusative | نَجَفَتَيْنِ najafatayni |
النَّجَفَتَيْنِ an-najafatayni |
نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay |
Genitive | نَجَفَتَيْنِ najafatayni |
النَّجَفَتَيْنِ an-najafatayni |
نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَجَفَات najafāt |
النَّجَفَات an-najafāt |
نَجَفَات najafāt |
Nominative | نَجَفَاتٌ najafātun |
النَّجَفَاتُ an-najafātu |
نَجَفَاتُ najafātu |
Accusative | نَجَفَاتٍ najafātin |
النَّجَفَاتِ an-najafāti |
نَجَفَاتِ najafāti |
Genitive | نَجَفَاتٍ najafātin |
النَّجَفَاتِ an-najafāti |
نَجَفَاتِ najafāti |
References[edit]
- “نجف” in Almaany
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 20
- Freytag, Georg (1837), “نجف”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 245
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “نجف”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1206
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “نجف”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen, pages 1103–1104
- Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “نجف”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 1249–1250
Egyptian Arabic[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
نجف • (nagaf)
Ottoman Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic النَّجَف (an-najaf).
Proper noun[edit]
نجف • (Necef)
- Najaf (a city)
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: Necef
Persian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic النَّجَف (an-najaf).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [na.ˈd͡ʒaf]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [næ.d͡ʒǽf]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [nä.d͡ʒǽf]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | najaf |
Dari reading? | najaf |
Iranian reading? | najaf |
Tajik reading? | najaf |
Proper noun[edit]
Dari | نجف |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | Наҷаф |
نجف • (najaf)
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ن ج ف
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- Egyptian Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Egyptian Arabic non-lemma forms
- Egyptian Arabic noun plural forms
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish proper nouns
- fa:Cities
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian proper nouns
- fa:Cities in Iraq
- fa:Places in Iraq
- fa:Islam