نیل

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian نیل (nil, “indigo”), from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), ultimately from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

Noun

نیل • (nil) (definite accusative نیلی (nili), plural نیللر (niller))

1. indigo, a purplish-blue dye obtained from certain plants, such as the indigo plant or woad

   Synonyms: بویا چیویتی (boya çiviti), چیویت (çivit)

2. indigo, any leguminous plant of the genus Indigofera, but especially Indigofera tinctoria

   Synonym: چیویت (çivit)

3. daub of indigo on the face used as a mark of grief or of shame, or, to avert the evil eye

Derived terms

• نیلج (nilec, “indigo”)
• نیلفام (nilfam, “indigo-coloured”)
• نیلك (nilek, “a blue discoloration of the skin”)
• نیلكون (nilgün, “indigo-coloured”)
• نیله (nile, “indigo”)
• نیلی (nilî, “blueness”)

Descendants

• Turkish: nil

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886), “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “nil”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3548
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Indicum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 781
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, columns 5303-5304
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِّيل (an-nīl, “the Nile”), itself from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).

Proper noun

نیل • (nil)

1. Nile (a river in Africa)

Derived terms

• نیل ابیض (nil-i ebyâz, “White Nile”)
• نیل ازرق (nil-i ezrâk, “Blue Nile”)
• نیل زنج (nil-i zenc, “Niger”)
• نیل سودان (nil-i sudan, “Niger”)
• نیل مبارك (nil-i mübârek, “Nile of Egypt”)
• نیلی (nilî, “pertaining to the Nile”)

Descendants

• Turkish: Nil

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886), “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “Nîl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1002
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[7], Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[8] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Nilus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[9], Vienna, column 1139
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[10], Vienna, columns 5303-5304
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[11], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈniː.lə̆/

Numeral

نِیل (nīl)

1. (rare) ten trillion

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈniːl/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [nil̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [nil]

Readings
Classical reading?	nīl
Dari reading?	nīl
Iranian reading?	nil
Tajik reading?	nil

Noun

نیل • (nīl / nil) (Tajik spelling нил)

1. indigo
   • c. 1080, Kaykāwūs, Qābūs-nāma:

     تا رنج کهتری بر خود ننهی به آسایش مهتری نرسی، نبینی که تا برگ نیل پوسیده نگردد نیل نشود.

     tā ranj-i kihtarī bar xwad na-nihī ba āsāyiš-i mihtarī na-rasī, na-bēnī ki tā barg-i nīl pōsīda na-gardad nīl na-šawad.

     You shall not reach the comfort of being a superior until you have gone through the toil of being a subordinate. Do you not see that [the dye] indigo is not produced until the indigo leaves rot?

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• نیلی (nīlī / nili)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: नील (nīl)

  Urdu: نیل (nīl)

• → Middle Armenian: նիլ (nil)
• → Ottoman Turkish: نیل (nil)
  • Turkish: nil
• → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈniːl/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [niːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [nil̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [niːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [nil]

Readings
Classical reading?	nīl
Dari reading?	nīl
Iranian reading?	nil
Tajik reading?	nil

Proper noun

نیل • (nīl / nil) (Tajik spelling Нил)

1. Nile (a large river in Africa flowing through Khartoum and Cairo into the Mediterranean Sea, usually considered to be the longest river in the world)

   رود نیل ― rud-e nil ― the River Nile

   رودخانه نیل ― rudxâne-ye nil ― the River Nile

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic نَيْل (nayl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈnajl/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [näjl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [näjl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [näjl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [näjl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [nejl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [näjl]

Readings
Classical reading?	nayl
Dari reading?	nayl
Iranian reading?	neyl
Tajik reading?	nayl

Noun

نیل • (nayl / neyl) (Tajik spelling найл)

1. attaining, reaching

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “نیل”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Punjabi

Western Panjabi numbers ^(edit)

←  10,000,000 (107)	←  100,000,000,000 (1011)	۱,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰,۰۰۰ 1013	1015  →
Cardinal: نِیل (nīl)

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /niːl/, [niːl(ə̆)]

Numeral

نِیل • (nīl) (Gurmukhi spelling ਨੀਲ)

1. (rare) ten trillion

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

Noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)

1. indigo (dye)
2. (botany) indigo (plant from which the bluish dye is obtained)
3. bruise (bruise)

Adjective

نیل • (nīl) (Hindi spelling नील)

1. indigo (color)

See also

Colors in Urdu · رنگ (layout · text)

سادہ (sāda), سفید (safed), اُجّر (ujjar)	سلیٹی (sleṭī), چھائی (chāī), دھوسر (dhūsar), سرمئی (surmaī)	کالا (kālā), سانولا (sā̃vlā)
لال (lāl), سرخ (surx), راتا (rātā); مہرون (mahroon), سندوری (sindūrī) قرمزی (qirmizī)	اورنج (orenj), نارنگی (narangī), کیسری (kesrī), گیروا (geruā), بھگوا (bhagvā), زعفرانی (za'frānī); بھورا (bhūrā), کتھئی (katthaī), چوکلیٹی (cokleṭī), خاکی (xākī)	پیلا (pīlā), بسنتی (basantī), زرد (zard); گیہُواں (gehũā), بادامی (bādāmī)
لائم (lāim), انگوری (aṅgūrī)	ہرا (harā), سُگَّا (suggā), سبز (sabz)	پودین ہرا (pūdīn harā); گاڑھا ہرا (gāṛhā harā)
فیروزہ (fīroza)	لاجوردی (lājvardī)~لاژوردی (lāźvardī)	نیلا (nīlā)
بینگنی (baignī), اودا (ūdā)	رانی (rānī); جامنی (jāmnī~jāmunī)	گلابی (gulābī)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian نیل (nīl), from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

Proper noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)

1. the Nile

   دریائے نیل ― daryā-e Nīl ― the Nile river

Etymology 3

Noun

نیل • (nīl) ?

1. bruise