ون

See also: ـون

Arabic

Suffix

ـُونَ • (-ūna) m (oblique ـِينَ (-īna), construct ـُو (-ū), oblique construct ـِي (-ī))

1. Suffix used to pluralize nouns and adjectives, generally masculine ones referring to people.

   ‎مُسْلِم (muslim, “Muslim”) + ‎ـُونَ (-ūna) → ‎مُسْلِمُونَ (muslimūna, “Muslims”)

2. Creates single-digit multiples of ten: -ty

   ‎خَمْسَة (ḵamsa, “five”) + ‎ـُونَ (-ūna) → ‎خَمْسُونَ (ḵamsūna, “fifty”)

Usage notes

• This suffix is mostly restricted to participles, nisbas, and certain nouns of other building types such as the measure فَعَّال (faʕʕāl). Only a handful of nouns not referring to people use this suffix, e.g. سِنُونَ (sinūna) from سَنة (sana, “year”). Most other nouns have broken plurals or use the “feminine” suffix ـَات (-āt). Note that borrowed nouns tend to use the latter even when they refer to people, e.g. بَهْلَوانَات (bahlawānāt) from بَهْلَوان (bahlawān, “acrobat”).

Derived terms

terms derived using ـُونَ (multiples of ten)

• عِشْرُونَ (ʕišrūna, “twenty”)
• ثَلَاثُونَ (ṯalāṯūna, “thirty”)
• أَرْبَعُونَ (ʔarbaʕūna, “forty”)
• خَمْسُونَ (ḵamsūna, “fifty”)
• سِتُّونَ (sittūna, “sixty”)
• سَبْعُونَ (sabʕūna, “seventy”)
• ثَمَانُونَ (ṯamānūna, “eighty”)
• تِسْعُونَ (tisʕūna, “ninety”)

See also

• ـَات (-āt, sound feminine pluralizing suffix)
• ـَانِ (-āni, dualizing suffix)

Suffix

ـُونَ • (-ūna) (subjunctive ـُوا, jussive ـُوا)

1. Forms third- and second-person plural masculine conjugations of non-past verbs.

   ‎يَكْتُبُ (yaktubu, “he writes”) + ‎ـُونَ (-ūna) → ‎يَكْتُبُونَ (yaktubūna, “they m write”)

See also

• ـُوا (-ū, past-tense pluralizer)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Perhaps from or related to Persian ون (van, “ash tree”).

Noun

ون • (ven)

1. fruit of the turpentine tree

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ون”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2152

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English van.

Noun

ون • (van) (plural ون‌ها)

1. van

Etymology 2

Probably from Mazanderani [Term?]., from Middle Persian wn' (/⁠wan⁠/, “tree”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (“tree, wood”).

Noun

ون • (van)

1. (archaic) ash tree (Fraxinus sp.)
2. Persian turpentine tree (Pistacia atlantica or Pistacia eurycarpa)

Further reading

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “ون”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864), “ون”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 1432b