یکم

Persian

Etymology

From یک (yek, “one”) +‎ ـم (-om, “-th, -st (ordinal number suffix)”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ja.ˈkum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jä.kʰʊ́m]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jä.kʰʊ́m]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [jä.kʰʊ́m]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [jä.kʰúm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [je.kʰóm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [jä.kʰúm]

Readings
Classical reading?	yakum
Dari reading?	yakum
Iranian reading?	yekom
Tajik reading?	yakum

Adjective

یکم • (yekom)

1. (colloquial or in compounds) first

   Synonym: اول (avval)

   بیست و یکم ― bist o yekom ― twenty-first

Usage notes

• اول (avval) is the standard word for "first" in modern Persian. Compound numbers, however, are always formed with یکم (yekom). یکم (yekom) is also used colloquially instead of اول (avval) in many dialects.

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یکم (yakum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /jə.kʊm/
• Rhymes: -ʊm

Noun

یَکُم • (yakum) m (Hindi spelling यकुम) (indeclinable)

1. first day of the month

Adjective

یکم • (yakam)

1. first

   Synonyms: پہلا (pahlā), اول (avval), نخست (nuxust)

References

• “یکم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “یکم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.