ܐܚܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܐ ܚ ܐ (ˀ ḥ ˀ)
9 terms

Inherited from Aramaic אֲחָא (ʾăḥā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫw-; compare Akkadian 𒋀 (aḫum), Arabic أَخ (ʔaḵ) and Hebrew אָח ('ákh). In most dialects replaced by ܐܲܚܘܿܢܵܐ (aḥōnā).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔaxɑː]

Noun

ܐܲܚܵܐ • (aḥḥā) m (plural ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥwāṯā) or ܐܲܚ̈ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥḥawāṯā), female equivalent ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥāṯā))

brother (male sibling having parents in common)
ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܚܵܐ ܓܲܘ ܣܘܹܝܕ݂ ܘܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܓܲܘ ܐܲܠܡܵܢܝܼܵܐ.
īṯ lāh aḥḥā gaw swēḏ w-ḥāṯā gaw almānīyā.
She has a brother in Sweden and a sister in Germany.
- c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Proverbs 17:17:
  ܚܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܒܟܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒ، ܘܐܲܚܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܠܨܵܢܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܠܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ.
  ḥaḇrā b-kul zaḇnā kē maḥḥib, w-aḥḥā qā ˁiddānā d-ulṣānā pīšā ìlēh līḏā.
  A friend loves at all times, And a brother is born for adversity.
(in the plural) siblings
kinsman, friend, companion
monk, friar
(in the first-person possessive form) Respectful term of address to a male around one’s own age or slightly younger (see usage notes below)

Usage notes

This term on its own is used both literally and figuratively; including full brothers, half-brothers and step-brothers.
(term of address) The term used by old individuals to a male a lot younger than them is ܒܪܘܿܢܝܼ (brōnī, literally “My son”), and not this term.

Inflection

Inflection of **ܐܲܚܵܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	ܐܲܚ (aḥ)	1^st person	ܐܲܚܝܼ (aḥī)		ܐܲܚܘܼܢ (aḥūn)
	construct	ܐܲܚܘܼ (aḥū)	2^nd person	ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ (aḥōḵ)	ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ܝ (aḥūḵ)	ܐܲܚܘܼܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥūḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܲܚܵܐ (aḥḥā)	3^rd person	ܐܲܚܘܼܗܝ (aḥūh)	ܐܲܚܘܼܗ̇ (aḥḥōh)	ܐܲܚܘܼܗܘܿܢ (aḥūhōn)
plural	absolute	ܐܲܚܝܼ̈ܢ (aḥīn)	1^st person	ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (aḥwāṯī)		ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (aḥwāṯan)
	construct	ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ (aḥwāṯ)	2^nd person	ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (aḥwāṯōḵ)	ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (aḥwāṯāḵ)	ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥwāṯā)	3^rd person	ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܗ (aḥwāṯēh)	ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (aḥwāṯāh)	ܐܲܚܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (aḥwāṯhōn)

Derived terms

ܐܲܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (aḥūṯā, “brotherhood, fraternity”)
ܐܲܚܘܿܢܵܐ (aḥōnā, “little brother; brother”)
ܐܲܚܵܐ ܐܘܼܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ūgā, “half brother”)
ܐܲܚܵܐ ܚܘܼܪܓܵܐ (aḥḥā ḥurgā, “stepbrother”)
ܐܲܚܵܝܵܐ (aḥḥāyā, “brotherly, fraternal”)
ܐ݇ܚܝܵܢܵܐ (ḥyānā, “relative”)
ܒܲܪ ܐܲܚܵܐ (bar aḥḥā, “fraternal nephew”)
ܒܲܪ݇ܬ݂ ܐܲܚܵܐ (baṯ aḥḥā, “fraternal niece”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫw-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʔăħɑ] (singular)
IPA^(key): [ʔăħe] (plural)

Noun

ܐܚܐ • (ʾăḥā) m (plural ܐܚܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܬܐ)

Usage notes

The word ܐܚܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇā, “father”) and ܚܡܐ (ḥəmā, “father-in-law”).

Inflection

Inflection of **ܐܚܐ**
	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܐܚ	1^st person	ܐܚܝ		ܐܚܘܢ
	construct	ܐܚ	2^nd person	ܐܚܘܟ	ܐܚܘܟܝ	ܐܚܘܟܘܢ	ܐܚܘܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܚܐ	3^rd person	ܐܚܘܗܝ	ܐܚܘܗ	ܐܚܘܗܘܢ	ܐܚܘܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܐܚܝܢ	1^st person	ܐܚܝ		ܐܚܝܢ
	construct	ܐܚܝ	2^nd person	ܐܚܝܟ	ܐܚܝܟܝ	ܐܚܝܟܘܢ	ܐܚܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܚܐ	3^rd person	ܐܚܘܗܝ	ܐܚܝܗ	ܐܚܝܗܘܢ	ܐܚܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

ܐܚܘܢܐ (ʾăḥōnā)
ܐܚܘܬܐ (ʾăḥūṯā)

References

“ˀḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 15 June 2011
Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 5a
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 9b
Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 25a