अतिक्रमण

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *éti

Sanskrit अति (ati)

Sanskrit क्रमण (kramaṇa)

Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa)bor.

Hindi अतिक्रमण

Borrowed from Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ə.t̪ɪk.ɾə.məɳ/, [ɐ.t̪ɪk.ɾɐ.mɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

अतिक्रमण • (atikramaṇ) m

overstepping, transgression, encroachment

Declension

Declension of *अतिक्रमण* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ
oblique	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमणों atikramaṇõ
vocative	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमणो atikramaṇo

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “अतिक्रमण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 141
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “अतिक्रमण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 22

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *éti

Sanskrit अति (ati)

Sanskrit क्रमण (kramaṇa)

Sanskrit अतिक्रमण

From अति (ati, “over, beyond”) +‎ क्रमण (kramaṇa, “the act of stepping”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.tik.ɾɐ́.mɐ.ɳɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.t̪ik.ɾɐ.mɐ.ɳɐ/

Noun

अ॒ति॒क्रम॑ण • (atikrámaṇa) stem, n

the act of stepping over; the act of overstepping
- c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 2.100.33:
  कालातिक्रमणाच् चैव भक्तवेतनयोर् भृताः ।
  भर्तुः कुप्यन्ति दुष्यन्ति सो ऽनर्थस् सुमहान् स्मृतः ॥
  kālātikramaṇāc caiva bhaktavetanayor bhṛtāḥ.
  bhartuḥ kupyanti duṣyanti so ʼnarthas sumahān smṛtaḥ.
  It is considered a very bad occurrence if due to delay [lit. overstepping of time] of food and wages, those dependent get corrupted and angry on the master.
excess

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of अ॒ति॒क्रम॑ण
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णम् (atikrámaṇam)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णे (atikrámaṇe)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णानि (atikrámaṇāni) अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णा¹ (atikrámaṇā¹)
accusative	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णम् (atikrámaṇam)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णे (atikrámaṇe)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णानि (atikrámaṇāni) अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णा¹ (atikrámaṇā¹)
instrumental	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णेन (atikrámaṇena)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णैः (atikrámaṇaiḥ) अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णेभिः¹ (atikrámaṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णाय (atikrámaṇāya)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णेभ्यः (atikrámaṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णात् (atikrámaṇāt)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णेभ्यः (atikrámaṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णस्य (atikrámaṇasya)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णयोः (atikrámaṇayoḥ)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णानाम् (atikrámaṇānām)
locative	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णे (atikrámaṇe)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णयोः (atikrámaṇayoḥ)	अ॒ति॒क्रम॑णेषु (atikrámaṇeṣu)
vocative	अति॑क्रमण (átikramaṇa)	अति॑क्रमणे (átikramaṇe)	अति॑क्रमणानि (átikramaṇāni) अति॑क्रमणा¹ (átikramaṇā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: atikkamaṇa
Prakrit: 𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (aïkkamaṇa)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “अतिक्रमण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 13.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “atikramaṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “अतिक्रमण”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 40
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “atikramaṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 11