अतिक्रमण

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *éti

Sanskrit अति (ati)

Sanskrit क्रमण (kramaṇa)

Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa)bor.

Hindi अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇ)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ə.t̪ɪk.ɾə.məɳ/, [ɐ.t̪ɪk.ɾɐ.mɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

अतिक्रमण • (atikramaṇ) m

1. overstepping, transgression, encroachment

Declension

Declension of अतिक्रमण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ
oblique	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमणों atikramaṇõ
vocative	अतिक्रमण atikramaṇ	अतिक्रमणो atikramaṇo

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “अतिक्रमण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 141
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अतिक्रमण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 22

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অতিক্ৰমণ (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬢᬶᬓ᭄ᬭᬫᬡ (Balinese script)
• অতিক্রমণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰝𑰰𑰎𑰿𑰨𑰦𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀢𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀭𑀫𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• အတိကြမဏ (Burmese script)
• અતિક્રમણ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਤਿਕ੍ਰਮਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌤𑌿𑌕𑍍𑌰𑌮𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦠꦶꦏꦿꦩꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂞𑂱𑂍𑂹𑂩𑂧𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಅತಿಕ್ರಮಣ (Kannada script)
• អតិក្រមណ (Khmer script)
• ອຕິກ຺ຣມຓ (Lao script)
• അതിക്രമണ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢠᡳᡬᡵᠠᠮᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘝𑘱𑘎𑘿𑘨𑘦𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢐᠢᢉᠷᠠᠮᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑦽𑧒𑦮𑧠𑧈𑧆𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐟𑐶𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐩𑐞 (Newa script)
• ଅତିକ୍ରମଣ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢡꢶꢒ꣄ꢬꢪꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆠𑆴𑆑𑇀𑆫𑆩𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖝𑖰𑖎𑖿𑖨𑖦𑖜 (Siddham script)
• අතික්‍රමණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩫𑩑𑩜 𑪙𑩼𑩴𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚙𑚮𑚊𑚶𑚤𑚢𑚘 (Takri script)
• அதிக்ரமண (Tamil script)
• అతిక్రమణ (Telugu script)
• อติกฺรมณ (Thai script)
• ཨ་ཏི་ཀྲ་མ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒞𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒧𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨙𑨁𑨋𑩇𑨫𑨢𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *éti

Sanskrit अति (ati)

Sanskrit क्रमण (kramaṇa)

Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa)

From अति (ati, “over, beyond”) +‎ क्रमण (kramaṇa, “the act of stepping”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.tik.ɾɐ́.mɐ.ɳɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.t̪ik.ɾɐ.mɐ.ɳɐ/

Noun

अतिक्रमण • (atikrámaṇa) stem, n

1. the act of stepping over; the act of overstepping
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 2.100.33:

     कालातिक्रमणाच् चैव भक्तवेतनयोर् भृताः ।
     भर्तुः कुप्यन्ति दुष्यन्ति सो ऽनर्थस् सुमहान् स्मृतः ॥

     kālātikramaṇāc caiva bhaktavetanayor bhṛtāḥ.
     bhartuḥ kupyanti duṣyanti so ʼnarthas sumahān smṛtaḥ.

     It is considered a very bad occurrence if due to delay [lit. overstepping of time] of food and wages, those dependent get corrupted and angry on the master.

2. excess

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of अतिक्रमण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अतिक्रमणम् (atikrámaṇam)	अतिक्रमणे (atikrámaṇe)	अतिक्रमणानि (atikrámaṇāni) अतिक्रमणा¹ (atikrámaṇā¹)
vocative	अतिक्रमण (átikramaṇa)	अतिक्रमणे (átikramaṇe)	अतिक्रमणानि (átikramaṇāni) अतिक्रमणा¹ (átikramaṇā¹)
accusative	अतिक्रमणम् (atikrámaṇam)	अतिक्रमणे (atikrámaṇe)	अतिक्रमणानि (atikrámaṇāni) अतिक्रमणा¹ (atikrámaṇā¹)
instrumental	अतिक्रमणेन (atikrámaṇena)	अतिक्रमणाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अतिक्रमणैः (atikrámaṇaiḥ) अतिक्रमणेभिः¹ (atikrámaṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	अतिक्रमणाय (atikrámaṇāya)	अतिक्रमणाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अतिक्रमणेभ्यः (atikrámaṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	अतिक्रमणात् (atikrámaṇāt)	अतिक्रमणाभ्याम् (atikrámaṇābhyām)	अतिक्रमणेभ्यः (atikrámaṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	अतिक्रमणस्य (atikrámaṇasya)	अतिक्रमणयोः (atikrámaṇayoḥ)	अतिक्रमणानाम् (atikrámaṇānām)
locative	अतिक्रमणे (atikrámaṇe)	अतिक्रमणयोः (atikrámaṇayoḥ)	अतिक्रमणेषु (atikrámaṇeṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: atikkamaṇa
• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (aïkkamaṇa)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “अतिक्रमण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 13.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “atikramaṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अतिक्रमण”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 40
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “atikramaṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 11