अनाथ

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अनाथ (anātha, “helpless”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ə.nɑːt̪ʰ/, [ɐ.näːt̪ʰ]
Audio (Delhi): (file)

Noun

अनाथ • (anāth) m or f by sense (Urdu spelling اناتھ)

orphan
Synonym: यतीम (yatīm)

Declension

NOTE: This term is declined masculine or feminine according to the gender of the referent.

Declension of *अनाथ* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	अनाथ anāth	अनाथ anāth
oblique	अनाथ anāth	अनाथों anāthõ
vocative	अनाथ anāth	अनाथो anātho

Declension of *अनाथ* (fem cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	अनाथ anāth	अनाथें anāthẽ
oblique	अनाथ anāth	अनाथों anāthõ
vocative	अनाथ anāth	अनाथो anātho

Derived terms

अनाथालय (anāthālay)
अनाथाश्रम (anāthāśram)

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “अनाथ”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 196
Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “अनाथ”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 24
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “अनाथ”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 32
Bahri, Hardev (1989), “अनाथ”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 14.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अनाथ (anātha, “helpless”). By surface analysis, अ- (a-) +‎ नाथ (nāth).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ə.nat̪ʰ/
Hyphenation: अ‧नाथ
Rhymes: -at̪ʰ

Adjective

अनाथ • (anāth) ^[1]^[2]

orphaned
(dated sense) destitute
Synonyms: कंगाल (kaṅgāl), दरिद्री (daridrī)

Noun

अनाथ • (anāth) m^[3]

orphan, parentless

Declension

Declension of अनाथ (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	अनाथ anāth
direct plural	अनाथ anāth
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	अनाथ anāth	अनाथ anāth
oblique सामान्यरूप	अनाथा anāthā	अनाथां- anāthān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	अनाथाला anāthālā	अनाथांना anāthānnā
ergative	अनाथाने, अनाथानं anāthāne, anāthāna	अनाथांनी anāthānnī
instrumental	अनाथाशी anāthāśī	अनाथांशी anāthānśī
locative सप्तमी	अनाथात anāthāt	अनाथांत anāthāt
vocative संबोधन	अनाथा anāthā	अनाथांनो anāthānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अनाथ (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	अनाथाचा anāthāċā	अनाथाचे anāthāċe	अनाथाची anāthācī	अनाथाच्या anāthācā	अनाथाचे, अनाथाचं anāthāċe, anāthāċa	अनाथाची anāthācī	अनाथाच्या anāthācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	अनाथांचा anāthānċā	अनाथांचे anāthānċe	अनाथांची anāthāñcī	अनाथांच्या anāthāncā	अनाथांचे, अनाथांचं anāthānċe, anāthānċa	अनाथांची anāthāñcī	अनाथांच्या anāthāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

References

More information

^ Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “अनाथ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
^ Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “अनाथ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
^ दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “अनाथ”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

anātha (Latin script)
𑀅𑀦𑀸𑀣 (Brahmi script)
অনাথ (Bengali script)
අනාථ (Sinhalese script)
အနာထ or ဢၼႃထ (Burmese script)
อนาถ or อะนาถะ (Thai script)
ᩋᨶᩣᨳ (Tai Tham script)
ອນາຖ or ອະນາຖະ (Lao script)
អនាថ (Khmer script)
𑄃𑄚𑄂𑄗 (Chakma script)

Adjective

अनाथ

Devanagari script form of anātha (“helpless”)

Declension

Declension table of "अनाथ" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अनाथो (anātho)	अनाथा (anāthā)
Accusative (second)	अनाथं (anāthaṃ)	अनाथे (anāthe)
Instrumental (third)	अनाथेन (anāthena)	अनाथेहि (anāthehi) or अनाथेभि (anāthebhi)
Dative (fourth)	अनाथस्स (anāthassa) or अनाथाय (anāthāya) or अनाथत्थं (anāthatthaṃ)	अनाथानं (anāthānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अनाथस्मा (anāthasmā) or अनाथम्हा (anāthamhā) or अनाथा (anāthā)	अनाथेहि (anāthehi) or अनाथेभि (anāthebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अनाथस्स (anāthassa)	अनाथानं (anāthānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अनाथस्मिं (anāthasmiṃ) or अनाथम्हि (anāthamhi) or अनाथे (anāthe)	अनाथेसु (anāthesu)
Vocative (calling)	अनाथ (anātha)	अनाथा (anāthā)

Declension table of "अनाथ" (neuter)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	अनाथं (anāthaṃ)	अनाथानि (anāthāni)
Accusative (second)	अनाथं (anāthaṃ)	अनाथानि (anāthāni)
Instrumental (third)	अनाथेन (anāthena)	अनाथेहि (anāthehi) or अनाथेभि (anāthebhi)
Dative (fourth)	अनाथस्स (anāthassa) or अनाथाय (anāthāya) or अनाथत्थं (anāthatthaṃ)	अनाथानं (anāthānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	अनाथस्मा (anāthasmā) or अनाथम्हा (anāthamhā) or अनाथा (anāthā)	अनाथेहि (anāthehi) or अनाथेभि (anāthebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	अनाथस्स (anāthassa)	अनाथानं (anāthānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	अनाथस्मिं (anāthasmiṃ) or अनाथम्हि (anāthamhi) or अनाथे (anāthe)	अनाथेसु (anāthesu)
Vocative (calling)	अनाथ (anātha)	अनाथानि (anāthāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

অনাথ (Assamese script)
ᬅᬦᬵᬣ (Balinese script)
অনাথ (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰡𑰯𑰞 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀦𑀸𑀣 (Brahmi script)
အနာထ (Burmese script)
અનાથ (Gujarati script)
ਅਨਾਥ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌅𑌨𑌾𑌥 (Grantha script)
ꦄꦤꦴꦡ (Javanese script)
𑂃𑂢𑂰𑂟 (Kaithi script)
ಅನಾಥ (Kannada script)
អនាថ (Khmer script)
ອນາຖ (Lao script)
അനാഥ (Malayalam script)
ᠠᠨᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡨᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘀𑘡𑘰𑘞 (Modi script)
ᠠᠨᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦠𑧁𑧑𑦾 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐣𑐵𑐠 (Newa script)
ଅନାଥ (Odia script)
ꢂꢥꢵꢢ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆤𑆳𑆡 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖡𑖯𑖞 (Siddham script)
අනාථ (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩯𑩛𑩬 (Soyombo script)
𑚀𑚝𑚭𑚚 (Takri script)
அநாத² (Tamil script)
అనాథ (Telugu script)
อนาถ (Thai script)
ཨ་ནཱ་ཐ (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒢𑒰𑒟 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨝𑨊𑨚 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From अ- (a-, “not”) +‎ ना॒थ (nāthá, “having refuge, supported, with husband or protector”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.nɑː.tʰɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.n̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

Adjective

अ॒ना॒थ • (anāthá) stem

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अ॒ना॒थ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अ॒ना॒थः (anātháḥ)	अ॒ना॒थौ (anātháu) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)	अ॒ना॒थाः (anāthā́ḥ) अ॒ना॒थासः॑¹ (anāthā́saḥ¹)
accusative	अ॒ना॒थम् (anāthám)	अ॒ना॒थौ (anātháu) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)	अ॒ना॒थान् (anāthā́n)
instrumental	अ॒ना॒थेन॑ (anāthéna)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थैः (anātháiḥ) अ॒ना॒थेभिः॑¹ (anāthébhiḥ¹)
dative	अ॒ना॒थाय॑ (anāthā́ya)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
ablative	अ॒ना॒थात् (anāthā́t)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
genitive	अ॒ना॒थस्य॑ (anāthásya)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थाना॑म् (anāthā́nām)
locative	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थेषु॑ (anāthéṣu)
vocative	अना॑थ (ánātha)	अना॑थौ (ánāthau) अना॑था¹ (ánāthā¹)	अना॑थाः (ánāthāḥ) अना॑थासः¹ (ánāthāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of अ॒ना॒था
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अ॒ना॒था (anāthā́)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थाः (anāthā́ḥ)
accusative	अ॒ना॒थाम् (anāthā́m)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थाः (anāthā́ḥ)
instrumental	अ॒ना॒थया॑ (anātháyā) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थाभिः॑ (anāthā́bhiḥ)
dative	अ॒ना॒थायै॑ (anāthā́yai)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्यः॑ (anāthā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	अ॒ना॒थायाः॑ (anāthā́yāḥ) अ॒ना॒थायै॑² (anāthā́yai²)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्यः॑ (anāthā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	अ॒ना॒थायाः॑ (anāthā́yāḥ) अ॒ना॒थायै॑² (anāthā́yai²)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थाना॑म् (anāthā́nām)
locative	अ॒ना॒थाया॑म् (anāthā́yām)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थासु॑ (anāthā́su)
vocative	अना॑थे (ánāthe)	अना॑थे (ánāthe)	अना॑थाः (ánāthāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of अ॒ना॒थ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अ॒ना॒थम् (anāthám)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थानि॑ (anāthā́ni) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)
accusative	अ॒ना॒थम् (anāthám)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थानि॑ (anāthā́ni) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)
instrumental	अ॒ना॒थेन॑ (anāthéna)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थैः (anātháiḥ) अ॒ना॒थेभिः॑¹ (anāthébhiḥ¹)
dative	अ॒ना॒थाय॑ (anāthā́ya)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
ablative	अ॒ना॒थात् (anāthā́t)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
genitive	अ॒ना॒थस्य॑ (anāthásya)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थाना॑म् (anāthā́nām)
locative	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थेषु॑ (anāthéṣu)
vocative	अना॑थ (ánātha)	अना॑थे (ánāthe)	अना॑थानि (ánāthāni) अना॑था¹ (ánāthā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Bengali: অনাথ (onath)
Hindustani:
Hindi: अनाथ (anāth)

Urdu: اناتھ (anāth)
Marathi: अनाथ (anāth)
Odia: ଅନାଥ (anātha)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਅਨਾਥ (anāth)

Shahmukhi script: اناتھ (anāth)
Pali: anātha
→ Khmer: អាណិត (ʼaanət)
→ Malayalam: അനാഥ (anātha)
→ Tamil: அனாதை (aṉātai), அநாதை (anātai)
→ Telugu: అనాథ (anātha)
→ Thai: อนาถ (à-nàat)
→ Tocharian B: anās

Noun

अ॒ना॒थ • (anāthá) stem, n

want of a protector, helplessness
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.10.11

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of अ॒ना॒थ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अ॒ना॒थम् (anāthám)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थानि॑ (anāthā́ni) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)
accusative	अ॒ना॒थम् (anāthám)	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थानि॑ (anāthā́ni) अ॒ना॒था¹ (anāthā́¹)
instrumental	अ॒ना॒थेन॑ (anāthéna)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थैः (anātháiḥ) अ॒ना॒थेभिः॑¹ (anāthébhiḥ¹)
dative	अ॒ना॒थाय॑ (anāthā́ya)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
ablative	अ॒ना॒थात् (anāthā́t)	अ॒ना॒थाभ्या॑म् (anāthā́bhyām)	अ॒ना॒थेभ्यः॑ (anāthébhyaḥ)
genitive	अ॒ना॒थस्य॑ (anāthásya)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थाना॑म् (anāthā́nām)
locative	अ॒ना॒थे (anāthé)	अ॒ना॒थयोः॑ (anātháyoḥ)	अ॒ना॒थेषु॑ (anāthéṣu)
vocative	अना॑थ (ánātha)	अना॑थे (ánāthe)	अना॑थानि (ánāthāni) अना॑था¹ (ánāthā¹)

¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899), “अनाथ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 27, column 3.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “anātha”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.

[1] Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “अनाथ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

[2] Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “अनाथ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

[3] दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “अनाथ”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)

[1]

[2]

[3]