अमृत
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See also: अमृता
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit अमृत (amṛ́ta).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]अमृत • (amŕt) m (Urdu spelling امرت)
- an elixir; a substance that gives immortality to the user
- nectar
Declension
[edit]Declension of अमृत (masc cons-stem)
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- অমৃত (Assamese script)
- ᬅᬫᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
- অমৃত (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰦𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀫𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- အမၖတ (Burmese script)
- અમૃત (Gujarati script)
- ਅਮ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌅𑌮𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦩꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂃𑂧𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ಅಮೃತ (Kannada script)
- អម្ឫត (Khmer script)
- ອມ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
- അമൃത (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᠮᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘀𑘦𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᠠᠮᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦠𑧆𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐩𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
- ଅମୃତ (Odia script)
- ꢂꢪꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆩𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖦𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
- අමෘත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩴𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚀𑚢𑚙 (Takri script)
- அம்ரித (Tamil script)
- అమృత (Telugu script)
- อมฺฤต (Thai script)
- ཨ་མྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒧𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *amŕ̥tas (“immortal”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥mr̥tós (“immortal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀 (aməša, “immortal”), Ancient Greek ἄμβροτος (ámbrotos, “immortal”). Equivalent to अ- (a-) + मृत (mṛta).
The nouns derive fairly readily from the adjective.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]अमृत • (amṛ́ta) stem
- immortal, undying
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.35.2:
- आ कृ॒ष्णेन॒ रज॑सा॒ वर्त॑मानो निवे॒शय॑न्न् अ॒मृतं॒ मर्त्यं॑ च ।
हि॒र॒ण्यये॑न सवि॒ता रथे॒ना दे॒वो या॑ति॒ भुव॑नानि॒ पश्य॑न् ॥- ā́ kṛṣṇéna rájasā vártamāno niveśáyann amṛ́taṃ mártyaṃ ca.
hiraṇyáyena savitā́ ráthenā́ devó yāti bhúvanāni páśyan. - Advancing throughout the dusky firmament, laying to rest the immortal and the mortal,
Borne in his golden chariot he cometh, Savitar, the God who looks on every creature.
- ā́ kṛṣṇéna rájasā vártamāno niveśáyann amṛ́taṃ mártyaṃ ca.
- आ कृ॒ष्णेन॒ रज॑सा॒ वर्त॑मानो निवे॒शय॑न्न् अ॒मृतं॒ मर्त्यं॑ च ।
- imperishable, deathless, indestructible
- alive, not dead
- beautiful, pleasant
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 12.39.16.2:
- पाञ्चजन्याभिषिक्तश्च राजामृतमुखोऽभवत् ॥
- pāñcajanyābhiṣiktaśca rājāmṛtamukhoʼbhavat.
- Bathed with the sanctified water of the shankha, the king became beautiful-faced.
- पाञ्चजन्याभिषिक्तश्च राजामृतमुखोऽभवत् ॥
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of अमृत (amṛ́ta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अमृतः amṛ́taḥ |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ amṛ́tau / amṛ́tā¹ |
अमृताः / अमृतासः¹ amṛ́tāḥ / amṛ́tāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | अमृत ámṛta |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ ámṛtau / ámṛtā¹ |
अमृताः / अमृतासः¹ ámṛtāḥ / ámṛtāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ amṛ́tau / amṛ́tā¹ |
अमृतान् amṛ́tān |
Instrumental | अमृतेन amṛ́tena |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतैः / अमृतेभिः¹ amṛ́taiḥ / amṛ́tebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | अमृताय amṛ́tāya |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Ablative | अमृतात् amṛ́tāt |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Genitive | अमृतस्य amṛ́tasya |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतानाम् amṛ́tānām |
Locative | अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतेषु amṛ́teṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of अमृता (amṛ́tā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अमृता amṛ́tā |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृताः amṛ́tāḥ |
Vocative | अमृते ámṛte |
अमृते ámṛte |
अमृताः ámṛtāḥ |
Accusative | अमृताम् amṛ́tām |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृताः amṛ́tāḥ |
Instrumental | अमृतया / अमृता¹ amṛ́tayā / amṛ́tā¹ |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृताभिः amṛ́tābhiḥ |
Dative | अमृतायै amṛ́tāyai |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृताभ्यः amṛ́tābhyaḥ |
Ablative | अमृतायाः / अमृतायै² amṛ́tāyāḥ / amṛ́tāyai² |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृताभ्यः amṛ́tābhyaḥ |
Genitive | अमृतायाः / अमृतायै² amṛ́tāyāḥ / amṛ́tāyai² |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतानाम् amṛ́tānām |
Locative | अमृतायाम् amṛ́tāyām |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतासु amṛ́tāsu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of अमृत (amṛ́ta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ amṛ́tāni / amṛ́tā¹ |
Vocative | अमृत ámṛta |
अमृते ámṛte |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ ámṛtāni / ámṛtā¹ |
Accusative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ amṛ́tāni / amṛ́tā¹ |
Instrumental | अमृतेन amṛ́tena |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतैः / अमृतेभिः¹ amṛ́taiḥ / amṛ́tebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | अमृताय amṛ́tāya |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Ablative | अमृतात् amṛ́tāt |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Genitive | अमृतस्य amṛ́tasya |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतानाम् amṛ́tānām |
Locative | अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतेषु amṛ́teṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]Noun
[edit]अमृत • (amṛ́ta) stem, m
- immortal, god
- kudzu, a vine of variety Pueraria montana var. lobata (syn. Phaseolus trilobus)
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of अमृत (amṛ́ta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अमृतः amṛ́taḥ |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ amṛ́tau / amṛ́tā¹ |
अमृताः / अमृतासः¹ amṛ́tāḥ / amṛ́tāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | अमृत ámṛta |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ ámṛtau / ámṛtā¹ |
अमृताः / अमृतासः¹ ámṛtāḥ / ámṛtāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृतौ / अमृता¹ amṛ́tau / amṛ́tā¹ |
अमृतान् amṛ́tān |
Instrumental | अमृतेन amṛ́tena |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतैः / अमृतेभिः¹ amṛ́taiḥ / amṛ́tebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | अमृताय amṛ́tāya |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Ablative | अमृतात् amṛ́tāt |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Genitive | अमृतस्य amṛ́tasya |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतानाम् amṛ́tānām |
Locative | अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतेषु amṛ́teṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]अमृत • (amṛ́ta) stem, n
- immortality, elixir
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.129.2:
- न मृत्युर् आसीद् अमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत् प्रकेतः ।
आनीद् अवातं स्वधया तद् एकं तस्माद् धान्यन् न परः किं चनास ॥- na mṛtyur āsīd amṛtaṃ na tarhi na rātryā ahna āsīt praketaḥ.
ānīd avātaṃ svadhayā tad ekaṃ tasmād dhānyan na paraḥ kiṃ canāsa. - Death was not then, nor was there immortality: no sign was there, the day's and night's divider. That One Thing, breathless, breathed by its own nature: apart from it was nothing whatsoever.
- na mṛtyur āsīd amṛtaṃ na tarhi na rātryā ahna āsīt praketaḥ.
- न मृत्युर् आसीद् अमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत् प्रकेतः ।
- nectar, ambrosia, Soma
- residue or leavings of a yajna
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of अमृत (amṛ́ta) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ amṛ́tāni / amṛ́tā¹ |
Vocative | अमृत ámṛta |
अमृते ámṛte |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ ámṛtāni / ámṛtā¹ |
Accusative | अमृतम् amṛ́tam |
अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतानि / अमृता¹ amṛ́tāni / amṛ́tā¹ |
Instrumental | अमृतेन amṛ́tena |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतैः / अमृतेभिः¹ amṛ́taiḥ / amṛ́tebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | अमृताय amṛ́tāya |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Ablative | अमृतात् amṛ́tāt |
अमृताभ्याम् amṛ́tābhyām |
अमृतेभ्यः amṛ́tebhyaḥ |
Genitive | अमृतस्य amṛ́tasya |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतानाम् amṛ́tānām |
Locative | अमृते amṛ́te |
अमृतयोः amṛ́tayoḥ |
अमृतेषु amṛ́teṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Prakrit: 𑀅𑀫𑀬 (amaya), 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀬 (amiya), 𑀅𑀫𑀼𑀬 (amuya)
- Pali: amata
- → Assamese: অমিতা (omita)
- → English: amrita
- → Hindi: अमृत (amŕt)
- → Indonesian: amerta
- → Old Tamil: 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆 (amirtam), 𑀅𑀫𑀼𑀢𑀫𑁆 (amutam)
- Tamil: அமிர்தம் (amirtam)
- → Polish: amrita
- → Thai: อมฤต (à-má-rít)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “अमृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 82.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अमृत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 205
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “amṛta”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *mar-
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Aryan root *mar-
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root मृ
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with अ-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- sa:Legumes