अर्थ

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /əɾt̪ʰ/

Noun

अर्थ • (arth) m (Urdu spelling ارتھ‎)

1. meaning, purport

   Synonym: मतलब (matlab)

   इस शब्द के कई अर्थ हैं। ― is śabd ke kaī arth ha͠i. ― This word has several meanings.

2. sense

   अब जाने का कोई अर्थ नहीं है।

   ab jāne kā koī arth nahī̃ hai.

   There is no sense in going now.

3. (in compounds) wealth, prosperity

   चोरी करने का अर्थदंड बहुत ऊँचा है।

   corī karne kā arthadaṇḍ bahut ū̃cā hai.

   The fine (lit. money-penalty) for stealing is very high.

Declension

Declension of अर्थ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अर्थ arth	अर्थ arth
oblique	अर्थ arth	अर्थों arthõ
vocative	अर्थ arth	अर्थो artho

Derived terms

• अर्थकर (arthakar)
• अर्थगत (arthagat)
• अर्थगर्भित (arthagarbhit)
• अर्थदंड (arthadaṇḍ)
• अर्थनीति (arthanīti)
• अर्थनैतिक (arthanaitik)
• अर्थपूर्ण (arthapūrṇ)
• अर्थप्रक्रिया (arthaprakriyā)
• अर्थभेद (arthabhed)
• अर्थविचार (arthavicār)
• अर्थविज्ञान (arthavigyān)
• अर्थविधि (arthavidhi)
• अर्थविवाद (arthavivād)
• अर्थव्यवस्था (arthavyavasthā)
• अर्थशास्त्र (arthaśāstra)
• अर्थहीन (arthahīn)
• अर्थागम (arthāgam)
• अर्थाधिकारिणी (arthādhikāriṇī)
• अर्थाधिकारी (arthādhikārī)
• अर्थानुबन्ध (arthānubandh)
• अर्थार्जन (arthārjan)
• अर्थोपार्जन (arthopārjan)

 

Further reading

• Platts, John T. (1884), “अर्थ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əɾ.t̪ʰə/

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning”).

Noun

अर्थ • (artha) m

1. meaning, significance

   याचा शब्दाचा अर्थ काय?

   yācā śabdācā artha kāy?

   What is the meaning of this word?

2. intention, aim

   Synonym: हेतू (hetū)

Declension

Declension of अर्थ (artha)
direct singular	अर्थ artha
direct plural	अर्थ artha
	singular		plural
nominative	अर्थ artha		अर्थ artha
oblique	अर्था- arthā-		अर्थां- arthāN-
dative	अर्थाला arthālā		अर्थांना arthāNnā
ergative	अर्थाने arthāne		अर्थांनी arthāNni
instrumental	अर्थाशी arthāśi		अर्थांशी arthāNśi
locative	अर्थात arthāt		अर्थांत arthāNt
vocative	अर्था arthā		अर्थांनो arthāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अर्थ
	masculine object		feminine object		neuter object		oblique
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular*	plural
singular subject	अर्थाचा arthāċā	अर्थाचे arthāce	अर्थाची arthāci	अर्थाच्या arthāca	अर्थाचे, अर्थाचं arthāce, arthāċa	अर्थाची arthāci	अर्थाच्या arthāca
plural subject	अर्थांचा arthāNċā	अर्थांचे arthāNce	अर्थांची arthāNci	अर्थांच्या arthāNca	अर्थांचे, अर्थांचं arthāNce, arthāNċa	अर्थांची arthāNci	अर्थांच्या arthāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• अर्थपूर्ण (arthapūrṇa, “meaningful”)
• निरर्थक (nirarthak, “meaningless”)

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “money”).

Noun

अर्थ • (artha) n

1. substance, money, wealth, property

   Synonyms: पैसा (paisā), वित्त (vitta)

Declension

Declension of अर्थ (artha)
direct singular	अर्थ artha
direct plural	अर्थे, अर्थं arthe, artha
	singular		plural
nominative	अर्थ artha		अर्थे, अर्थं arthe, artha
oblique	अर्था- arthā-		अर्थां- arthāN-
dative	अर्थाला arthālā		अर्थांना arthāNnā
ergative	अर्थाने arthāne		अर्थांनी arthāNni
instrumental	अर्थाशी arthāśi		अर्थांशी arthāNśi
locative	अर्थात arthāt		अर्थांत arthāNt
vocative	अर्था arthā		अर्थांनो arthāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of अर्थ
	masculine object		feminine object		neuter object		oblique
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular*	plural
singular subject	अर्थाचा arthāċā	अर्थाचे arthāce	अर्थाची arthāci	अर्थाच्या arthāca	अर्थाचे, अर्थाचं arthāce, arthāċa	अर्थाची arthāci	अर्थाच्या arthāca
plural subject	अर्थांचा arthāNċā	अर्थांचे arthāNce	अर्थांची arthāNci	अर्थांच्या arthāNca	अर्थांचे, अर्थांचं arthāNce, arthāNċa	अर्थांची arthāNci	अर्थांच्या arthāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• अर्थमंत्री (arthamantrī, “finance minister”)
• अर्थमंत्रालय (arthamantrālay, “ministry of finance”)
• अर्थार्जन (arthārjan)

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine, “अर्थ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “अर्थ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʌrt̪ʰʌ]
• Phonetic Devanagari: अर्थ

Noun

अर्थ • (artha)

1. meaning, purport
2. wealth, prosperity
3. sense

Further reading

• “अर्थ”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (Nepālī Br̥hat Śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018

Sanskrit

See also: अर्थ्

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬅᬃᬣ (Balinese script)
• অৰ্থ (Assamese script)
• অর্থ (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰨𑰿𑰞 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀭𑁆𑀣 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌅𑌰𑍍𑌥 (Grantha script)
• અર્થ (Gujarati script)
• ਅਰੑਥ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦄꦂꦡ (Javanese script)
• អថ៌ (Khmer script)
• ಅರ್ಥ (Kannada script)
• ອຣ຺ຖ (Lao script)
• അര്ഥ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘀𑘨𑘿𑘞 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠷᠲᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᠠᡵᡨᠠ (Manchu script)
• အရ်္ထ (Burmese script)
• 𑦠𑧈𑧠𑦾 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐠 (Newa script)
• ଅର୍ଥ (Oriya script)
• ꢂꢬ꣄ꢢ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆫𑇀𑆡 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖨𑖿𑖞 (Siddham script)
• අර්ථ (Sinhalese script)
• అర్థ (Telugu script)
• อรฺถ (Thai script)
• ཨ་རྠ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒩𑓂𑒟 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hártʰam (“matter, object, purpose”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ert-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬀‎ (ar^əθa).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́ɾ.tʰɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɐɾ.t̪ʰɐ/

Noun

अर्थ • (artha) m or m

1. aim, purpose, meaning
2. advantage, use, utility
3. profit
4. prosperity
5. interest
6. money, wealth, property, opulence, substance
7. affair, concern
8. (in law) lawsuit, action
9. sense, notion
10. manner, kind
11. price

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of अर्थ (artha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अर्थः arthaḥ	अर्थौ arthau	अर्थाः / अर्थासः¹ arthāḥ / arthāsaḥ¹
Vocative	अर्थ artha	अर्थौ arthau	अर्थाः / अर्थासः¹ arthāḥ / arthāsaḥ¹
Accusative	अर्थम् artham	अर्थौ arthau	अर्थान् arthān
Instrumental	अर्थेन arthena	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थैः / अर्थेभिः¹ arthaiḥ / arthebhiḥ¹
Dative	अर्थाय arthāya	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थेभ्यः arthebhyaḥ
Ablative	अर्थात् arthāt	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थेभ्यः arthebhyaḥ
Genitive	अर्थस्य arthasya	अर्थयोः arthayoḥ	अर्थानाम् arthānām
Locative	अर्थे arthe	अर्थयोः arthayoḥ	अर्थेषु artheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of अर्थ (artha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	अर्थम् artham	अर्थे arthe	अर्थानि / अर्था¹ arthāni / arthā¹
Vocative	अर्थ artha	अर्थे arthe	अर्थानि / अर्था¹ arthāni / arthā¹
Accusative	अर्थम् artham	अर्थे arthe	अर्थानि / अर्था¹ arthāni / arthā¹
Instrumental	अर्थेन arthena	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थैः / अर्थेभिः¹ arthaiḥ / arthebhiḥ¹
Dative	अर्थाय arthāya	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थेभ्यः arthebhyaḥ
Ablative	अर्थात् arthāt	अर्थाभ्याम् arthābhyām	अर्थेभ्यः arthebhyaḥ
Genitive	अर्थस्य arthasya	अर्थयोः arthayoḥ	अर्थानाम् arthānām
Locative	अर्थे arthe	अर्थयोः arthayoḥ	अर्थेषु artheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: attha
  • → Khmer: អត្ថ (ʼat)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞 (aṭṭha), 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣 (attha)
  • Gujarati: આથ (ātha)
• → Assamese: অৰ্থ (ortho)
• → Bengali: অর্থ (ôrthô)
• → Gujarati: અર્થ (arth)
• → Hindi: अर्थ (arth)
• → Indonesian: arta, arti, erti, harta
• → Kannada: ಅರ್ಥ (artha)
• → Malayalam: അർത്ഥം (aṟtthaṃ)
• → Marathi: अर्थ (artha)
• → Nepali: अर्थ (artha)
• → Old Javanese: artha
  • Javanese: ꦄꦂꦛ → ꦲꦂꦠ (arta)
  • → Balinese: ᬅᬃᬣ (arta)
• → Tamil: அர்த்தம் (arttam)
• → Telugu: అర్థము (arthamu)
• → Tocharian B: ārth
• → Urdu: ارتھ‎ (arth)

References

• “अ॑र्थ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 41, column 2.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “अर्थ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 027
• Monier Williams (1899), “अर्थ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 90, column 2.