अहर्

See also: अंह्रि

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

अहन् (áhan), अहस् (áhas) — alternative stems for the weak forms
अह (ahá), अह्न (ahná) — in compounds

Alternative scripts

অহৰ্ (Assamese script)
ᬅᬳᬃ (Balinese script)
অহর্ (Bengali script)
𑰀𑰮𑰨𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀅𑀳𑀭𑁆 (Brahmi script)
အဟရ် (Burmese script)
અહર્ (Gujarati script)
ਅਹਰ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌅𑌹𑌰𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦄꦲꦂ (Javanese script)
𑂃𑂯𑂩𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಅಹರ್ (Kannada script)
អហរ៑ (Khmer script)
ອຫຣ຺ (Lao script)
അഹര് (Malayalam script)
ᠠᡥᠠᡵ (Manchu script)
𑘀𑘮𑘨𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠠᠾᠠᠷ (Mongolian script)
𑦠𑧎𑧈𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐀𑐴𑐬𑑂 (Newa script)
ଅହର୍ (Odia script)
ꢂꢲꢬ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆃𑆲𑆫𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖀𑖮𑖨𑖿 (Siddham script)
අහර් (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑪂𑩼 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚀𑚩𑚤𑚶 (Takri script)
அஹர் (Tamil script)
అహర్ (Telugu script)
อหรฺ (Thai script)
ཨ་ཧ་ར྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒁𑒯𑒩𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨀𑨱𑨫𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *Héǵʰr̥?

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háȷ́ʰr̥

Sanskrit अहर्

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háȷ́ʰr̥.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́.ɦɐɾ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ɦɐɾ/

Noun

अह॑र् • (áhar) stem, n ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

a day
तद् अहः ― tád áhaḥ ― on that day
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
a sacrificial or festival day, portion of a sacrifice appointed for one day's performance
day personified as one of the eight Vasus
(in the dual अहनी (áhanī) or duplicated) day and night
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda VI.9.1:
  अह॑श् च कृ॒ष्णम् अह॒र् अर्जु॑नं च॒
  áhaś ca kṛṣṇám áhar árjunaṃ ca
  the black and the white day, i.e. day and night

Usage notes

In the later language, the stem अहस् (áhas) is used to form some plural and dual weak forms, while in Vedic they are formed with अहन् (áhan) / अह्न्- (áhn-) / अह- (áha-).

Frequently appears at the ends of compounds in the weak forms -अह (-ahá)—e.g. सप्ताह (saptāhá, “seven days, a week”)—or -अह्न (-ahná)—e.g. पूर्वाह्ण (pūrvāhṇá, “fore-noon”).

Declension

Neuter root-stem declension of अह॑र्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अहः॑ (áhaḥ)	अह॑नी (áhanī)	अहा॑ (áhā) अहा॑नि (áhāni)
accusative	अहः॑ (áhaḥ)	अह॑नी (áhanī)	अहा॑ (áhā) अहा॑नि (áhāni)
instrumental	अह्ना॑ (áhnā)	अह॑भ्याम् (áhabhyām) अहो॑भ्याम् (áhobhyām)	अह॑भिः (áhabhiḥ) अहो॑भिः (áhobhiḥ)
dative	अह्ने॑ (áhne)	अह॑भ्याम् (áhabhyām) अहो॑भ्याम् (áhobhyām)	अह॑भ्यः (áhabhyaḥ) अहो॑भ्यः (áhobhyaḥ)
ablative	अह्नः॑ (áhnaḥ)	अह॑भ्याम् (áhabhyām) अहो॑भ्याम् (áhobhyām)	अह॑भ्यः (áhabhyaḥ) अहो॑भ्यः (áhobhyaḥ)
genitive	अह्नः॑ (áhnaḥ)	अह्नोः॑ (áhnoḥ)	अह्ना॑म् (áhnām) अहा॑नाम् (áhānām)
locative	अह॑न् (áhan) अह॑नि (áhani) अह्नि॑ (áhni)	अह्नोः॑ (áhnoḥ)	अह॑सु (áhasu) अहः॑सु (áhaḥsu)
vocative	अहः॑ (áhaḥ)	अह॑नी (áhanī)	अहा॑ (áhā) अहा॑नि (áhāni)

Derived terms

अत्यह्न (atyahna)
अहःशस् (ahaḥśas, “day by day”)
अहरहर् (áharahar, “daily”)
अहरादि (aharādi, “daybreak”)
अहर्दल (ahardala, “midday”)
अहर्निश (aharniśá, “day and night”)
अहर्पति (aharpáti, “lord of day”)
अहीन (áhīna)
अहोरात्र (ahorātrá, “day and night”)
एकाह (ekāhá, “one day”)
त्र्यह्न (tryahna, “three days”)
दशाह (daśāhá, “ten days”)
द्वादशाह (dvādaśāhá)
द्व्यह (dvyaha, “two days”)
पराह्ण (parāhṇá, “afternoon”)
पुण्याह (puṇyāhá)
पूर्वाह्ण (pūrvāhṇá, “fore-noon”)
प्राह्ण (prāhṇá, “morning”)
भद्राह (bhadrāhá)
मध्याह्न (madhyāhná, “midday”)
व्यह्न (vyahna)
षडह (ṣaḍaha, “six days”)
सायाह्न (sāyāhná, “evening”)
सुदिनाह (sudināha)

Descendants

Pali: अह n (aha)
Prakrit: अह n (aha), अहो (aho, “by day”)
- Hindi: अह (ah)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “áhan-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 154
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
^ Monier Williams (1899), “अहर्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0124.
^ Whitney (1889), Sanskrit Grammar, chapter V, §160
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “áhar”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 44

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “áhan-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 154

[2] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[3] Monier Williams (1899), “अहर्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0124.

[4] Whitney (1889), Sanskrit Grammar, chapter V, §160

[5] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “áhar”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 44

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