आश्चर्य

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आश्चर्य (āścarya).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɑːʃ.t͡ʃəɾ.jᵊ/, [äːʃ.t͡ʃɐɾ.jᵊ]

Noun

आश्चर्य • (āścarya) m (Urdu spelling آشچریہ)

1. surprise, amazement

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:आश्चर्य

   मुझे उसके ऐसा कहने पर आश्चर्य हुआ।

   mujhe uske aisā kahne par āścarya huā.

   I'm surprised he said that.

2. wonder

   विक्टोरिया जलप्रपात विश्व के आश्चर्यों में से एक है।

   vikṭoriyā jalaprapāt viśva ke āścaryõ mẽ se ek hai.

   Victoria Falls (lit. “Victoria Cascade”) is one of the wonders of the world.

Declension

Declension of आश्चर्य (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आश्चर्य āścarya	आश्चर्य āścarya
oblique	आश्चर्य āścarya	आश्चर्यों āścaryõ
vocative	आश्चर्य āścarya	आश्चर्यो āścaryo

Derived terms

• आश्चर्यजनक (āścaryajnak)
• आश्चर्यचकित (āścaryackit)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “आश्चर्य”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “आश्चर्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884), “आश्चर्य”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “आश्चर्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आश्चर्य (āścarya).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aɕ.t͡ɕəɾ.jə/

Noun

आश्चर्य • (āścarya) n

1. surprise, amazement

   Synonyms: अचंबा (acambā), नवल (naval)

Declension

Declension of आश्चर्य (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	आश्चर्य āścry
direct plural	आश्चर्ये, आश्चर्यं āścrye, āścarya
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	आश्चर्य āścry		आश्चर्ये, आश्चर्यं āścrye, āścarya
oblique सामान्यरूप	आश्चर्या āścryā		आश्चर्यां- āścryān-
accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	आश्चर्याला āścryālā		आश्चर्यांना āścryānnā
ergative	आश्चर्याने, आश्चर्यानं āścryāne, āścryāna		आश्चर्यांनी āścryānnī
instrumental	आश्चर्याशी āścryāśī		आश्चर्यांशी āścryānśī
locative सप्तमी	आश्चर्यात āścryāt		आश्चर्यांत āścryāt
vocative संबोधन	आश्चर्या āścryā		आश्चर्यांनो āścryānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of आश्चर्य (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	आश्चर्याचा āścryāċā	आश्चर्याचे āścryāċe	आश्चर्याची āścryācī	आश्चर्याच्या āścryācā	आश्चर्याचे, आश्चर्याचं āścryāċe, āścryāċa	आश्चर्याची āścryācī	आश्चर्याच्या āścryācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	आश्चर्यांचा āścryānċā	आश्चर्यांचे āścryānċe	आश्चर्यांची āścryāñcī	आश्चर्यांच्या āścryāncā	आश्चर्यांचे, आश्चर्यांचं āścryānċe, āścryānċa	आश्चर्यांची āścryāñcī	आश्चर्यांच्या āścryāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “आश्चर्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আশ্চৰ্য (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬰ᭄ᬘᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
• আশ্চর্য (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰫𑰿𑰓𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• အာၐ္စရျ (Burmese script)
• આશ્ચર્ય (Gujarati script)
• ਆਸ਼੍ਚਰ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌶𑍍𑌚𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦯ꧀ꦕꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂬𑂹𑂒𑂩𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಶ್ಚರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
• អាឝ្ចយ៌ (Khmer script)
• ອາຨ຺ຈຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
• ആശ്ചര്യ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡧᢜᠠᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘫𑘿𑘓𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᠱᢋᠠᠷᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑧋𑧠𑦳𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐱𑑂𑐔𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଆଶ୍ଚର୍ଯ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢯ꣄ꢗꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆯𑇀𑆖𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖫𑖿𑖓𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
• ආශ‍්චර්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩿 𑪙𑩡𑩼 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚧𑚶𑚏𑚤𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
• ஆஶ்சர்ய (Tamil script)
• ఆశ్చర్య (Telugu script)
• อาศฺจรฺย (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་ཤྩ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨮𑩇𑨣𑨫𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Apparently a formation from आ- (ā-, “ad-”) + *श्चर् (*ścar) + -य (-ya, “adjectival suffix”), with the middle component of disputed interpretation and origin. Some theories:

• Thieme's suggestion of *श्चर् (*ścar) as a palatalized variant of a formation from the स्खल् (skhal, “to stumble”), and the word as "that (thing) which one must stumble upon in order to discover", is ingenious but phonetically difficult, but appears to be slightly favored by Mayrhofer.
• A palatalized form of an earlier *स्कर् (*skar), itself an s-mobile formation from कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/

Adjective

आश्चर्य • (āścarya) stem

1. appearing rarely
2. curious, marvelous, astonishing, wonderful, extraordinary

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आश्चर्य

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आश्चर्यः (āścaryaḥ)	आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)	आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) आश्चर्यासः¹ (āścaryāsaḥ¹)
accusative	आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam)	आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)	आश्चर्यान् (āścaryān)
instrumental	आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹)
dative	आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
ablative	आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
genitive	आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām)
locative	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu)
vocative	आश्चर्य (āścarya)	आश्चर्यौ (āścaryau) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)	आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ) आश्चर्यासः¹ (āścaryāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of आश्चर्या

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आश्चर्या (āścaryā)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ)
accusative	आश्चर्याम् (āścaryām)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ)
instrumental	आश्चर्यया (āścaryayā) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्याभिः (āścaryābhiḥ)
dative	आश्चर्यायै (āścaryāyai)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्याभ्यः (āścaryābhyaḥ)
ablative	आश्चर्यायाः (āścaryāyāḥ) आश्चर्यायै² (āścaryāyai²)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्याभ्यः (āścaryābhyaḥ)
genitive	आश्चर्यायाः (āścaryāyāḥ) आश्चर्यायै² (āścaryāyai²)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ)	आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām)
locative	आश्चर्यायाम् (āścaryāyām)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ)	आश्चर्यासु (āścaryāsu)
vocative	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याः (āścaryāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of आश्चर्य

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)
accusative	आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)
instrumental	आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹)
dative	आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
ablative	आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
genitive	आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām)
locative	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu)
vocative	आश्चर्य (āścarya)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

आश्चर्य • (āścarya) stem, n

1. strange appearance
2. a wonder, miracle, marvel, prodigy
3. wonder, surprise, astonishment

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of आश्चर्य

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)
accusative	आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)
instrumental	आश्चर्येण (āścaryeṇa)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्यैः (āścaryaiḥ) आश्चर्येभिः¹ (āścaryebhiḥ¹)
dative	आश्चर्याय (āścaryāya)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
ablative	आश्चर्यात् (āścaryāt)	आश्चर्याभ्याम् (āścaryābhyām)	आश्चर्येभ्यः (āścaryebhyaḥ)
genitive	आश्चर्यस्य (āścaryasya)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्याणाम् (āścaryāṇām)
locative	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्ययोः (āścaryayoḥ) आश्चर्योः¹ (āścaryoḥ¹)	आश्चर्येषु (āścaryeṣu)
vocative	आश्चर्य (āścarya)	आश्चर्ये (āścarye)	आश्चर्याणि (āścaryāṇi) आश्चर्या¹ (āścaryā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: acchariya
  • → Thai: อัจฉริยะ (àt-chà-rí-yá)
• → Khmer: អស្ចារ្យ (ʼɑhcaa), អច្ឆរិយ (ʼɑɑcchɑɑrii)
• → Lao: ອັດສະຈັນ (ʼat sa chan)
• → Thai: อัศจรรย์ (àt-sà-jan)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “आश्चर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 158, column 1.