क़लम

See also: कलम

Hindi

Alternative forms

• कलम (kalam) — nuqtaless

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)der.

Arabic قَلَم (qalam)bor.

Classical Persian قَلَم (qalam)bor.

Hindi क़लम

Borrowed from Classical Persian قلم (qalam), Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”). Possibly influenced by Sanskrit cognate कलम (kalama).

Cognates

Compare Assamese কলম (kolom), Bengali কলম (kolom), Dhivehi ގަލަން (galan̊), Gujarati કલમ (kalam), Marathi कलम (kalam), Nepali कलम (kalam), Odia କଲମ (kalama), Punjabi ਕ਼ਲਮ (qalam), Sindhi قَلَمُ (qalamu).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /qə.ləm/, [qɐ.lɐ̃m], /kə.ləm/, [kɐ.lɐ̃m]

Noun

क़लम • (qalam) f (Urdu spelling قلم)

1. pen; reed pen

   Synonyms: लेखनी (lekhnī), पेन (pen)

2. reed
3. (agriculture) cuttings

Declension

Declension of क़लम (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	क़लम qalam	क़लमें qalamẽ
oblique	क़लम qalam	क़लमों qalamõ
vocative	क़लम qalam	क़लमो qalamo

Descendants

• → Burmese: ကလောင် (ka.laung)
  • → Shan: ၵလွင်ႇ (kǎ làung)
• → Nepali: कलम (kalam)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “qalama”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• “कलम”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “कलम%2C+क़लम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 122
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “कलम”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kaḍambá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 132
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “qalama”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “قلم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “قلم”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul