चङ्ग

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• চঙ্গ (Assamese script)
• ᬘᬗ᭄ᬕ (Balinese script)
• চঙ্গ (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰒𑰿𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀗𑁆𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• စင်္ဂ (Burmese script)
• ચઙ્ગ (Gujarati script)
• ਚਙ੍ਗ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌚𑌙𑍍𑌗 (Grantha script)
• ꦕꦔ꧀ꦒ (Javanese script)
• 𑂒𑂑𑂹𑂏 (Kaithi script)
• ಚಙ್ಗ (Kannada script)
• ចង្គ (Khmer script)
• ຈງ຺ຄ (Lao script)
• ചങ്ഗ (Malayalam script)
• ᢜᠠᢛᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘓𑘒𑘿𑘐 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᢊᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦳𑦲𑧠𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐒𑑂𑐐 (Newa script)
• ଚଙ୍ଗ (Odia script)
• ꢗꢖ꣄ꢔ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆕𑇀𑆓 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖒𑖿𑖐 (Siddham script)
• චඞ‍්ග (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩡𑩠 𑪙𑩞 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚏𑚎𑚶𑚌 (Takri script)
• சங்க³ (Tamil script)
• చఙ్గ (Telugu script)
• จงฺค (Thai script)
• ཙ་ངྒ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒓𑓂𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨣𑨏𑩇𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of unclear origin, though probably related to the Dravidian word family that includes Kannada ಚನ್ನ (canna​, “handsome man”) and Telugu చెన్ను (cennu, “beauty, grace, elegance”). Kuiper instead suggests Munda origin; cf. Sora laṅgā (“beautiful”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐŋ.ɡɐ/

Adjective

चङ्ग • (caṅga) stem

1. having good understanding, being a judge of (particularly in the choice of kathas)
2. handsome

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of चङ्ग

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चङ्गः (caṅgaḥ)	चङ्गौ (caṅgau)	चङ्गाः (caṅgāḥ)
accusative	चङ्गम् (caṅgam)	चङ्गौ (caṅgau)	चङ्गान् (caṅgān)
instrumental	चङ्गेन (caṅgena)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गैः (caṅgaiḥ)
dative	चङ्गाय (caṅgāya)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गेभ्यः (caṅgebhyaḥ)
ablative	चङ्गात् (caṅgāt)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गेभ्यः (caṅgebhyaḥ)
genitive	चङ्गस्य (caṅgasya)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गानाम् (caṅgānām)
locative	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गेषु (caṅgeṣu)
vocative	चङ्ग (caṅga)	चङ्गौ (caṅgau)	चङ्गाः (caṅgāḥ)

Feminine ā-stem declension of चङ्गा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चङ्गा (caṅgā)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गाः (caṅgāḥ)
accusative	चङ्गाम् (caṅgām)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गाः (caṅgāḥ)
instrumental	चङ्गया (caṅgayā)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गाभिः (caṅgābhiḥ)
dative	चङ्गायै (caṅgāyai)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गाभ्यः (caṅgābhyaḥ)
ablative	चङ्गायाः (caṅgāyāḥ)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गाभ्यः (caṅgābhyaḥ)
genitive	चङ्गायाः (caṅgāyāḥ)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गानाम् (caṅgānām)
locative	चङ्गायाम् (caṅgāyām)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गासु (caṅgāsu)
vocative	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गाः (caṅgāḥ)

Neuter a-stem declension of चङ्ग

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	चङ्गम् (caṅgam)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गानि (caṅgāni)
accusative	चङ्गम् (caṅgam)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गानि (caṅgāni)
instrumental	चङ्गेन (caṅgena)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गैः (caṅgaiḥ)
dative	चङ्गाय (caṅgāya)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गेभ्यः (caṅgebhyaḥ)
ablative	चङ्गात् (caṅgāt)	चङ्गाभ्याम् (caṅgābhyām)	चङ्गेभ्यः (caṅgebhyaḥ)
genitive	चङ्गस्य (caṅgasya)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गानाम् (caṅgānām)
locative	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गयोः (caṅgayoḥ)	चङ्गेषु (caṅgeṣu)
vocative	चङ्ग (caṅga)	चङ्गे (caṅge)	चङ्गानि (caṅgāni)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀘𑀁𑀕 (caṃga, “clever, handsome”)
  • Hindi: चंगा (caṅgā)
    • → Marathi: चंगा (caṅgā)
    • → Nepali: चङ्गो (caṅgo)
  • Marathi: चांगला (cāṅglā)
  • Sindhi:

    Arabic script: چَڱو (caṅo)

    Devanagari script: चङो

  • Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਚੰਗਾ (caṅgā)

    Shahmukhi script: چنگا

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “चङ्ग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 382, column 2.
• Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “चङ्ग”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “caṅga”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 247