जल्नु
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Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit 𑀚𑀮𑀇 (jalaï), from Sanskrit ज्वलति (jválati). Cognate with Konkani जळ्चे (zaḷce), Gujarati જળવું (jaḷvũ), Hindi जलना (jalnā), Punjabi ਜਲਣਾ (jalṇā) / جَلنا (jalnā), Marathi जळणे (jaḷṇe), Assamese জলা (zola).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]जल्नु • (jalnu) (intransitive)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of जल्नु [d͡zʌlnu]
Information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Stem | जल्- [d͡zʌl-] | |||
Conjugation type | 1st conjugation: consonant-ending stem, regular. | |||
Derivatives | ||||
I-stem (Passive) |
जलिनु [d͡zʌlinu] | |||
A-stem (Causative/Denominative) |
जलाउनु [d͡zʌläu̯nu] | |||
Non-finite forms | ||||
Infinitives | जल्नु [d͡zʌlnu] जल्न [d͡zʌlnʌ] | |||
Participles | Affirmative (+) | Negative (–) | ||
Conjunctive | जलेर [d͡zʌleɾʌ] जली [d͡zʌli] जलीकन [d͡zʌlikʌnʌ] |
नजलेर [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌleɾʌ] नजली [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌli] नजलीकन [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlikʌnʌ] | ||
1st Perfect | m. sing. | जलेको [d͡zʌleko] | नजलेको [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌleko] | |
f. sing. | जलेकी [d͡zʌleki] | नजलेकी [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌleki] | ||
pl. | जलेका [d͡zʌlekä] | नजलेका [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlekä] | ||
high-resp. | जल्नुभएको [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌeko] | नजल्नुभएको [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌeko] | ||
2nd Perfect | normal | जले [d͡zʌle] | नजले [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌle] | |
high-resp. | जल्नुभए [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌe] | नजल्नुभए [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌe] | ||
Imperfect | normal | जल्दा [d͡zʌl̪d̪ä] जल्दै [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯] जल्दो [d͡zʌl̪d̪o] |
नजल्दा [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌl̪d̪ä] नजल्दै [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯] नजल्दो [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌl̪d̪o] | |
high-resp. | जल्नुहुँदा [d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ä] जल्नुहुँदै [d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] जल्नुहुँदो [d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪o] |
नजल्नुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ä] नजल्नुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नजल्नुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪o] | ||
Infinitival | normal | जल्ने [d͡zʌlne] | नजल्ने [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlne] | |
high-resp. | जल्नुहुने [d͡zʌlnuɦune] | नजल्नुहुने [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦune] | ||
Absolutive | जलि [d͡zʌli] |
Finite forms of जल्नु [d͡zʌlnu] | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd & 3rd | |||||||||||
Pronoun | म SING. |
हामी PL. |
तँ LOW-RESP. SING. |
तिमी MID-RESP. |
ऊ LOW-RESP. SING. |
उनी MID-RESP. |
तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP. | ||||||||
m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | ||||
Present | + | जल्छु [d͡zʌlt͡sʰu] |
जल्छौं [d͡zʌlt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जल्छस् [d͡zʌlt͡sʰʌs] |
जल्छेस् [d͡zʌlt͡sʰes] |
जल्छौ [d͡zʌlt͡sʰʌu̯] |
जल्छ्यौ [d͡zʌlt͡sʰeu̯] |
जल्छ [d͡zʌlt͡sʰʌʌ] |
जल्छे [d͡zʌlt͡sʰe] |
जल्छन् [d͡zʌlt͡sʰʌn] |
जल्छिन् [d͡zʌlt͡sʰin] |
जल्नुहुन्छ [d͡zʌlnuɦunt͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | जल्दिनँ [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌ̃] |
जल्दैनौं [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जल्दैनस् [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌs] |
जल्दिनेस् [d͡zʌl̪d̪ines] |
जल्दैनौ [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌu̯] |
जल्दिनौ [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌu̯] |
जल्दैन [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌ] |
जल्दिने [d͡zʌl̪d̪ine] |
जल्दैनन् [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌn] |
जल्दिनन् [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌn] |
जल्नुहुँदैन [d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ] | ||||
Past | Simple | + | जलें [d͡zʌlẽ] |
जल्यौं [d͡zʌljʌ̃ũ̯] |
जलिस् [d͡zʌlis] |
जल्यौ [d͡zʌljʌu̯] |
जल्यो [d͡zʌljo] |
जली [d͡zʌli] |
जले [d͡zʌle] |
जलिन् [d͡zʌlin] |
जल्नुभयो [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌjo] | ||||
– | जलिनँ [d͡zʌlinʌ̃] |
जलेनौं [d͡zʌlenʌ̃ũ̯] |
जलेनस् [d͡zʌlenʌs] |
जलिनेस् [d͡zʌlines] |
जलेनौ [d͡zʌlenʌu̯] |
जलेन [d͡zʌlenʌ] |
जलिने [d͡zʌline] |
जलेनन् [d͡zʌlenʌn] |
जलिनन् [d͡zʌlinʌn] |
जल्नुभएन [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌenʌ] | |||||
Habitual | + | जल्थें [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰẽ] |
जल्थ्यौं [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰẽũ̯] |
जल्थिस् [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰis] |
जल्थ्यौ [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰeu̯] |
जल्थ्यो [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰjo] |
जल्थी [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰi] |
जल्थे [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰe] |
जल्थिन् [d͡zʌl̪t̪ʰin] |
जल्नुहुन्थ्यो [d͡zʌlnuɦun̪t̪ʰjo] | |||||
– | जल्दिनथें [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰẽ] |
जल्दैनथ्यौं [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯] |
जल्दैनथिस् [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis] |
जल्दिनथिस् [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰis] |
जल्दैनथ्यौ [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯] |
जल्दिनथ्यौ [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯] |
जल्दैनथ्यो [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] |
जल्दैनथी [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi] |
जल्दैनथे [d͡zʌl̪d̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe] |
जल्दिनथिन् [d͡zʌl̪d̪inʌt̪ʰin] |
जल्नुहुँदैनथ्यो [d͡zʌlnuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] | ||||
Unknown | + | जलेछु [d͡zʌlet͡sʰu] |
जलिछु [d͡zʌlit͡sʰu] |
जलेछौं [d͡zʌlet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जलेछस् [d͡zʌlet͡sʰʌs] |
जलिछेस् [d͡zʌlit͡sʰes] |
जलेछौ [d͡zʌlet͡sʰʌu̯] |
जलेछ [d͡zʌlet͡sʰʌ] |
जलिछे [d͡zʌlit͡sʰe] |
जलेछन् [d͡zʌlet͡sʰʌn] |
जलिछिन् [d͡zʌlit͡sʰin] |
जल्नुभएछ [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | जलेनछु [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰu] |
जलिनछु [d͡zʌlinʌt͡sʰu] |
जलेनछौं [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जलेनछस् [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰʌs] |
जलिनछेस् [d͡zʌlinʌt͡sʰes] |
जलेनछौ [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰʌu̯] |
जलेनछ [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰʌ] |
जलिनछे [d͡zʌlinʌt͡sʰe] |
जलेनछन् [d͡zʌlenʌt͡sʰʌn] |
जलिनछिन् [d͡zʌlinʌt͡sʰin] |
जल्नुभएनछ [d͡zʌlnu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ] | ||||
Future | Definite | + | जल्नेछु [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰu] |
जल्नेछौं [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जल्नेछस् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌs] |
जल्नेछेस् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰes] |
जल्नेछौ [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌu̯] |
जल्नेछ्यौ [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰeu̯] |
जल्नेछ [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌ] |
जल्नेछे [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰe] |
जल्नेछन् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌn] |
जल्नेछिन् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰin] |
जल्नुहुनेछ [d͡zʌlnuɦunet͡sʰʌ] | ||
– | जल्नेछैनँ [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃] |
जल्नेछैनौं [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जल्नेछैनस् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs] |
जल्नेछैनेस् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nes] |
जल्नेछैनौ [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯] |
जल्नेछैन [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] |
जल्नेछैनन् [d͡zʌlnet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn] |
जल्नुहुनेछैन [d͡zʌlnuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] | |||||||
Indefinite | + | जलुँला [d͡zʌlũlä] |
जलुँली [d͡zʌlũli] |
जलौंला [d͡zʌlʌ̃ũ̯lä] |
जल्लास् [d͡zʌlläs] |
जल्लिस् [d͡zʌllis] |
जलौला, जल्लाउ [d͡zʌlʌu̯lä, d͡zʌlläu̯] |
जलौली, जल्लेउ [d͡zʌlʌu̯li, d͡zʌlleu̯] |
जल्ला [d͡zʌllä] |
जल्ली [d͡zʌlli] |
जल्लान्, जल्नन् [d͡zʌllän, d͡zʌlnʌn] |
जल्लिन्, जल्निन् [d͡zʌllin, d͡zʌlnin] |
जल्नुहोला [d͡zʌlnuɦolä] | ||
– | जलोइनँ [d͡zʌloi̯nʌ̃] |
जलोइनौं [d͡zʌloi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जलोइनस् [d͡zʌloi̯nʌs] |
जलोइनौ [d͡zʌloi̯nʌu̯] |
जलोइन [d͡zʌloi̯nʌ] |
जलोइनन् [d͡zʌloi̯nʌn] |
जल्नुहोओइन [d͡zʌlnuɦooi̯nʌ] | ||||||||
नजलुँला [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlũlä] |
नजलुँली [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlũli] |
नजलौंला [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌ̃ũ̯lä] |
नजल्लास् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlläs] |
नजल्लिस् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌllis] |
नजलौला, नजल्लाउ [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌu̯lä, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlläu̯] |
नजलौली, नजल्लेउ [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌu̯li, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlleu̯] |
नजल्ला [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌllä] |
नजल्ली [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlli] |
नजल्लान्, नजल्नन् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌllän, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnʌn] |
नजल्लिन्, नजल्निन् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌllin, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnin] |
नजल्नुहोला [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦolä] | ||||
Injunctive | + | जलूँ [d͡zʌlũ] |
जलौं, जलूँ [d͡zʌlʌ̃ũ̯, d͡zʌlũ] |
जल्, जलेस्, जले [d͡zʌl, d͡zʌles, d͡zʌle] |
जल, जले [d͡zʌlʌ, d͡zʌle] |
जलोस् [d͡zʌlos] |
जलून् [d͡zʌlun] |
जल्नुहोओस् [d͡zʌlnuɦoos] | |||||||
– | नजलूँ [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlũ] |
नजलौं, नजलूँ [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌ̃ũ̯, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlũ] |
नजल्, नजलेस्, नजले [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌl, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌles, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌle] |
नजल, नजले [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌ, nʌ ͜ d͡zʌle] |
नजलोस् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlos] |
नजलून् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlun] |
नजल्नुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlnuɦoos] | ||||||||
Imperative | + | — | — | जल् [d͡zʌl] |
जल [d͡zʌlʌ] |
— | — | जल्नुहोस्, जल्नोस् [d͡zʌlnuɦos, d͡zʌlnos] | |||||||
– | — | — | नजल् [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌl] |
नजल [nʌ ͜ d͡zʌlʌ] |
— | — | नजल्नुहोस्, नजल्नोस् [nʌ(d)zʌlnuɦos, nʌ(d)zʌlnos] |
References
[edit]- “जल्नु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary][1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “जल्नु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar, page 224
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jválati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 292
Categories:
- Nepali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Nepali terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵwelH-
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from the Sanskrit root ज्वल्
- Nepali terms inherited from Prakrit
- Nepali terms derived from Prakrit
- Nepali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali verbs
- Nepali intransitive verbs