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डोम्ब

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

डोम (ḍoma)
डुम्ब (ḍumba)

Etymology

Unknown, ultimately probably borrowed from substrate. Some theories:

Mayrhofer suggests derivation from various, probably onomatopoeic, terms for musical instruments, e.g. डिण्डिम (ḍiṇḍima), दु॒न्दु॒भि (dundubhí, “kind of drum”); compare semantically analogous Tamil பறையர் (paṟaiyar, “Paraiyar caste”) < பறை (paṟai, “drum”).^[1]^[2] Also consider डमरु (ḍamaru, “drum”).
Kuiper argues for a Munda loan, but this is unsupported.

Pronunciation

(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɖoːm.bɐ/

Noun

डोम्ब • (ḍomba) stem, m (female equivalent डोम्बिनी)^[3]^[4]

Doma (a caste of drummers, or a person belonging to this caste)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of डोम्ब
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	डोम्बः (ḍombaḥ)	डोम्बौ (ḍombau)	डोम्बाः (ḍombāḥ)
accusative	डोम्बम् (ḍombam)	डोम्बौ (ḍombau)	डोम्बान् (ḍombān)
instrumental	डोम्बेन (ḍombena)	डोम्बाभ्याम् (ḍombābhyām)	डोम्बैः (ḍombaiḥ)
dative	डोम्बाय (ḍombāya)	डोम्बाभ्याम् (ḍombābhyām)	डोम्बेभ्यः (ḍombebhyaḥ)
ablative	डोम्बात् (ḍombāt)	डोम्बाभ्याम् (ḍombābhyām)	डोम्बेभ्यः (ḍombebhyaḥ)
genitive	डोम्बस्य (ḍombasya)	डोम्बयोः (ḍombayoḥ)	डोम्बानाम् (ḍombānām)
locative	डोम्बे (ḍombe)	डोम्बयोः (ḍombayoḥ)	डोम्बेषु (ḍombeṣu)
vocative	डोम्ब (ḍomba)	डोम्बौ (ḍombau)	डोम्बाः (ḍombāḥ)

Descendants

Prakrit: 𑀟𑁄𑀁𑀩 (ḍoṃba), 𑀟𑀼𑀁𑀩 (ḍuṃba)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
  - Domari: Dôm
  - Hindustani:
    - Hindi: डोम (ḍom)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  - Bengali-Assamese:
    - Assamese: ডোম (düm)
    - Bengali: ডোম (ḍōm, “caste engaged in cremation”)
  - Odia: ଡମ (ḍama), ଡୋମ (ḍoma)
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
  - Nepali: डुम (ḍum)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਡੋਮ (ḍom), ਡੋਮਡ਼ਾ
  - Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڏۇمُ
- Western Indo-Aryan:
  - Romani: rrom (“man”), rom, řom (Pan-Vlax), ⇒ rromni (“woman”), romni, romnyi, řomni
    - Angloromani: rom
    - → Bulgarian: ром (rom)
    - → Czech: Rom
    - → Dutch: Rom
    - → English: Rom
    - → French: Rom
    - → German: Rom
    - → Greek: Ρομ (Rom)
    - → Polish: Rom
    - → Portuguese: rom
    - → Romanian: rom
    - → Serbo-Croatian: Róm
    - → Slovak: Róm
    - → Swedish: rom
    - → Ukrainian: ром (rom)
    - Caló: romí
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
  - Marathi: डोंब (ḍomba)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956), “ḍombaḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 464
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001), “ḍomba-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 232
^ Monier Williams (1899), “डोम्ब”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 431.
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ḍōmba”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 314

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