तर्ज्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তৰ্জ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬃᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
• তর্জ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰨𑰿𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀭𑁆𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• တရ်္ဇ် (Burmese script)
• તર્જ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਤਰ੍ਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌰𑍍𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦂꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂩𑂹𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ತರ್ಜ್ (Kannada script)
• តជ៌៑ (Khmer script)
• ຕຣ຺ຊ຺ (Lao script)
• തര്ജ് (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠᡵᡯ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘨𑘿𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᠷᠽ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧈𑧠𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐬𑑂𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
• ତର୍ଜ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢡꢬ꣄ꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆫𑇀𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖨𑖿𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
• තර්‍ජ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩼 𑪙𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚤𑚶𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
• தர்ஜ் (Tamil script)
• తర్జ్ (Telugu script)
• ตรฺชฺ (Thai script)
• ཏ་རྫ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨫𑩇𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *tarȷ́-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tarǰ-, from Proto-Indo-European *tergʷ- (“to scare, be fierce”). Mayrhofer expresses doubt about this derivation, likely due to the root's lack of attestation in Vedic texts (though he never explicitly lays out his reason for uncertainty), but the phonetics and semantics appear as a solid match, and the connection is supported by later linguists, such as De Vaan.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐɾd͡ʑ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɐɾd͡ʑ/

Root

तर्ज् • (tarj)

1. to scold, threaten

Derived terms

Primary verbal forms

• तर्ज॑ति (tárjati, present)
• त॒र्जि॒ष्यति॑ (tarjiṣyáti, future)
• त॒र्जि॒ता (tarjitā́, periphrastic future)
• अत॑र्जीत् (átarjīt, aorist)
• त॒तर्ज॑ (tatárja, perfect)

Secondary forms

• त॒र्जय॑ति (tarjáyati, causative)
• त॒र्ज्यते॑ (tarjyáte, passive of causative)

Non-finite forms

• त॒र्जि॒त (tarjitá, past participle)
• तर्जितुम् (tarjitum, infinitive)
• त॒र्जि॒त्वा (tarjitvā́, gerund)
• तर्ज्य (tarjya, gerund)
• त॒र्ज॒नीय॑ (tarjanī́ya, gerundive)

Derived nominal forms

• तर्जक (tarjaka)
• तर्जन (tarjana)
• तर्जना (tarjanā)
• तर्जनी (tarjanī)
• तर्ज्यमान (tarjyamāna)
• तर्जनिका (tarjanikā)

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root तर्ज् (0 c, 3 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root तर्ज् (3 c, 0 e)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “तर्ज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 440.
• William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 62