दिल

See also: दाल and दल

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd-

Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰā́rd

Proto-Iranian *jā́rd

Classical Persian دلbor.

Old Hindi दिल (dila)

Hindi दिल

Borrowed from Classical Persian دِل (dil). First attested as Old Hindi दिल (dila). Doublet of हृदय (hŕday).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ɪl/, /d̪il/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Delhi):

  (file)

Noun

दिल • (dil) m (Urdu spelling دِل)

1. heart (organ)
2. mind
3. soul
4. spirit, valour
5. feelings, emotions

Declension

Declension of दिल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	दिल dil	दिल dil
oblique	दिल dil	दिलों dilõ
vocative	दिल dil	दिलो dilo

Synonyms

• (heart): हृदय (hŕday), हिया (hiyā)

Related terms

• दिलख़राश (dilaxrāś)
• दिल्लगी (dillagī)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “दिल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884), “दिल”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دل (dil). Doublet of हृदय (hruday).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪il/, [d̪iːl]
• Rhymes: -il
• Hyphenation: दिल

Noun

दिल • (dil) m

1. (anatomy, uncommon) heart

   Synonyms: (standard) हृदय (hruday), काळीज (kāḷīj), अंतःकरण (antaḥkaraṇ)

2. (figuratively, rare) mind

   Synonym: मन (man)

Declension

Declension of दिल (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	दिल dil
direct plural	दिल dil
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	दिल dil		दिल dil
oblique सामान्यरूप	दिला dilā		दिलां- dilān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	दिलाला dilālā		दिलांना dilānnā
ergative	दिलाने, दिलानं dilāne, dilāna		दिलांनी dilānnī
instrumental	दिलाशी dilāśī		दिलांशी dilānśī
locative सप्तमी	दिलात dilāt		दिलांत dilāt
vocative संबोधन	दिला dilā		दिलांनो dilānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of दिल (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	दिलाचा dilāċā	दिलाचे dilāċe	दिलाची dilācī	दिलाच्या dilācā	दिलाचे, दिलाचं dilāċe, dilāċa	दिलाची dilācī	दिलाच्या dilācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	दिलांचा dilānċā	दिलांचे dilānċe	दिलांची dilāñcī	दिलांच्या dilāncā	दिलांचे, दिलांचं dilānċe, dilānċa	दिलांची dilāñcī	दिलांच्या dilāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “दिल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 68
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “दिल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 412
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “दिल”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 1654

Old Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd-

Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰā́rd

Proto-Iranian *jā́rd

Classical Persian دلbor.

Old Hindi दिल

Borrowed from Classical Persian دل (dil). Doublet of हिरदै (hiradai). Compare Old Punjabi ਦਿਲੁ (dilu).

Noun

दिल (dila)

1. heart

Descendants

• Hindustani:

  Hindi: दिल (dil)

  Urdu: دِل (dil)

Further reading

• Jaroslav Strnad (2013), Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 539