पीत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পীত (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
• পীত (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• ပီတ (Burmese script)
• પીત (Gujarati script)
• ਪੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೀತ (Kannada script)
• បីត (Khmer script)
• ປີຕ (Lao script)
• പീത (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
• ପୀତ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
• පීත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
• பீத (Tamil script)
• పీత (Telugu script)
• ปีต (Thai script)
• པཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /piː.tɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpiː.t̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pᵢHtás, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₃-tó-s (“drunk, imbibed”), from *peh₃- (“to drink”). Cognate with Latin pōtus, Ancient Greek ποτός (potós), Persian نبید (na-bid, “wine”). The Sanskrit root is पा (pā, “to drink”).

The "soaked" meaning may derive from the root पी (pī, “to soak, fatten”) or otherwise be influenced by it.

Adjective

पीत • (pītá) stem

1. drunk, imbibed, sipped, quaffed, sipped
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.48.10:

     ऋदूदरेण सख्या सचेय यो मा न रिष्येद्धर्यश्व पीतः ।
     अयं यः सोमो न्यधाय्यस्मे तस्मा इन्द्रं प्रतिरमेम्यायुः ॥

     ṛdūdareṇa sakhyā saceya yo mā na riṣyeddharyaśva pītaḥ .
     ayaṃ yaḥ somo nyadhāyyasme tasmā indraṃ pratiramemyāyuḥ .

     O Lord of Horses, may I be with the Friend [Soma] whose heart is tender, who, when drunk will never harm me
     This Soma now deposited within me. For this, I pray for longer life to Indra.

2. soaked, saturated, filled with (with instrumental of the object)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पीत (pītá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पीतः pītáḥ	पीतौ / पीता¹ pītaú / pītā́¹	पीताः / पीतासः¹ pītā́ḥ / pītā́saḥ¹
Vocative	पीत pī́ta	पीतौ / पीता¹ pī́tau / pī́tā¹	पीताः / पीतासः¹ pī́tāḥ / pī́tāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पीतम् pītám	पीतौ / पीता¹ pītaú / pītā́¹	पीतान् pītā́n
Instrumental	पीतेन pīténa	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतैः / पीतेभिः¹ pītaíḥ / pītébhiḥ¹
Dative	पीताय pītā́ya	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītébhyaḥ
Ablative	पीतात् pītā́t	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītébhyaḥ
Genitive	पीतस्य pītásya	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतानाम् pītā́nām
Locative	पीते pīté	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतेषु pītéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पीता (pītā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पीता pītā́	पीते pīté	पीताः pītā́ḥ
Vocative	पीते pī́te	पीते pī́te	पीताः pī́tāḥ
Accusative	पीताम् pītā́m	पीते pīté	पीताः pītā́ḥ
Instrumental	पीतया / पीता¹ pītáyā / pītā́¹	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीताभिः pītā́bhiḥ
Dative	पीतायै pītā́yai	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीताभ्यः pītā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	पीतायाः / पीतायै² pītā́yāḥ / pītā́yai²	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीताभ्यः pītā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	पीतायाः / पीतायै² pītā́yāḥ / pītā́yai²	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतानाम् pītā́nām
Locative	पीतायाम् pītā́yām	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतासु pītā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पीत (pītá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पीतम् pītám	पीते pīté	पीतानि / पीता¹ pītā́ni / pītā́¹
Vocative	पीत pī́ta	पीते pī́te	पीतानि / पीता¹ pī́tāni / pī́tā¹
Accusative	पीतम् pītám	पीते pīté	पीतानि / पीता¹ pītā́ni / pītā́¹
Instrumental	पीतेन pīténa	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतैः / पीतेभिः¹ pītaíḥ / pītébhiḥ¹
Dative	पीताय pītā́ya	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītébhyaḥ
Ablative	पीतात् pītā́t	पीताभ्याम् pītā́bhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītébhyaḥ
Genitive	पीतस्य pītásya	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतानाम् pītā́nām
Locative	पीते pīté	पीतयोः pītáyoḥ	पीतेषु pītéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pīta
• Prakrit: 𑀧𑀻𑀅 (pīa)
• Gandhari: 𐨤𐨁𐨡 (pida)

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to पित्त (pitta, “bile”), and along with it, derived from the root पी (pī, “to swell, fatten”) with semantic shift "fat" > "the color of fat (like butter and oil)" > "yellow". It is also possible that पित्त (pitta) is the original term, with पीत (pīta) a derivative of it; in this case, whether पित्त (pitta) derives from पी (pī) is less clear.

Adjective

पीत • (pīta) stem

1. yellow (the color of the Vaiśyas, white being that of the Brāhmans, red that of the Kṣatriyas, and black that of the Śūdras)

Noun

पीत • (pīta) stem, m

1. yellow color
2. a yellow substance

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पीत (pīta)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पीतः pītaḥ	पीतौ / पीता¹ pītau / pītā¹	पीताः / पीतासः¹ pītāḥ / pītāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पीत pīta	पीतौ / पीता¹ pītau / pītā¹	पीताः / पीतासः¹ pītāḥ / pītāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पीतम् pītam	पीतौ / पीता¹ pītau / pītā¹	पीतान् pītān
Instrumental	पीतेन pītena	पीताभ्याम् pītābhyām	पीतैः / पीतेभिः¹ pītaiḥ / pītebhiḥ¹
Dative	पीताय pītāya	पीताभ्याम् pītābhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītebhyaḥ
Ablative	पीतात् pītāt	पीताभ्याम् pītābhyām	पीतेभ्यः pītebhyaḥ
Genitive	पीतस्य pītasya	पीतयोः pītayoḥ	पीतानाम् pītānām
Locative	पीते pīte	पीतयोः pītayoḥ	पीतेषु pīteṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पीतक (pītaka)
• पीतल (pītala)

 

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “पीत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 629/2-3.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “पीत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan