पीत

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पीत (pīta).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /piːt̪/

Adjective

पीत • (pīt) (indeclinable)

1. yellow

   Synonym: पीला (pīlā)

Derived terms

• पीत ज्वर (pīt jvar)

Noun

पीत • (pīt) m

1. yellow (colour)

   Synonym: पीला (pīlā)

Declension

Declension of पीत (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पीत pīt	पीत pīt
oblique	पीत pīt	पीतों pītõ
vocative	पीत pīt	पीतो pīto

See also

Colors in Hindi · रंग (raṅg) (layout · text)

सादा (sādā), उज्जर (ujjar), श्वेत (śvet), धवल (dhaval), गौर (gaur), शुक्ल (śukla), शुभ्र (śubhra), सफ़ेद (safed)	स्लेटी (sleṭī), छाई (chāī), धूसर (dhūsar), सुरमई (surmaī)	काला (kālā), साँवला (sā̃vlā), कृष्ण (kŕṣṇa), श्याम (śyām), श्याव (śyāv), स्याह (syāh)
लाल (lāl), सुर्ख़ (surx), राता (rātā); महरून (mahrūn), सिंदूरी (sindūrī), क़िरमिज़ी (qirmizī)	नारंगी (nāraṅgī), केसरी (kesrī), गेरुआ (geruā), भगवा (bhagvā), ज़ाफ़रानी (zāfrānī); भूरा (bhūrā), कत्थई (katthaī), मटिएला (maṭielā), चॉकलेटी (cŏkleṭī), ख़ाकी (xākī)	पीला (pīlā), बसंती (basantī), गंदकी (gandkī), ज़र्द (zard); गेहुँआ (gehũā), बादामी (bādāmī)
नींबू (nīmbū), अंगूरी (aṅgūrī), अमरूदी (amrūdī)	हरा (harā), सुग्गा (suggā), सब्ज़ (sabz)	चंदनी (candnī), पुदीनहरा (pudīnahrā); गाढ़ा हरा (gāṛhā harā), ज़ुमरुदी (zumrudī)
आकाशी (ākāśī), फ़िरोज़ा (firozā)	लाजवर्दी (lājvardī)	नीला (nīlā)
बैंगनी (baiṅgnī), ऊदा (ūdā)	रानी (rānī); जामुनी (jāmunī)	गुलाबी (gulābī)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “पीत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পীত (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
• পীত (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• ပီတ (Burmese script)
• પીત (Gujarati script)
• ਪੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೀತ (Kannada script)
• បីត (Khmer script)
• ປີຕ (Lao script)
• പീത (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
• ପୀତ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
• පීත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
• பீத (Tamil script)
• పీత (Telugu script)
• ปีต (Thai script)
• པཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /piː.tɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /piː.t̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtás

Sanskrit पीत

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtás (“drunk”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós. Cognate with Latin pōtus, Ancient Greek ποτός (potós), Persian نبید (na-bid, “wine”).

The "soaked" meaning may derive from the root पी (pī, “to soak, fatten”) or otherwise be influenced by it.

Participle

पी॒त • (pītá) past passive participle (root पा)

1. past passive participle of पा (pā)

Adjective

पी॒त • (pītá) stem

1. drunk, imbibed, sipped, quaffed, sipped
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.48.10:

     ऋदूदरेण सख्या सचेय यो मा न रिष्येद्धर्यश्व पीतः ।
     अयं यः सोमो न्यधाय्यस्मे तस्मा इन्द्रं प्रतिरमेम्यायुः ॥

     ṛdūdareṇa sakhyā saceya yo mā na riṣyeddharyaśva pītaḥ.
     ayaṃ yaḥ somo nyadhāyyasme tasmā indraṃ pratiramemyāyuḥ.

     O Lord of Horses, may I be with the Friend [Soma] whose heart is tender, who, when drunk will never harm me
     This Soma now deposited within me. For this, I pray for longer life to Indra.

2. soaked, saturated, filled with (with instrumental of the object)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पी॒त

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पी॒तः (pītáḥ)	पी॒तौ (pītáu) पी॒ता¹ (pītā́¹)	पी॒ताः (pītā́ḥ) पी॒तासः॑¹ (pītā́saḥ¹)
accusative	पी॒तम् (pītám)	पी॒तौ (pītáu) पी॒ता¹ (pītā́¹)	पी॒तान् (pītā́n)
instrumental	पी॒तेन॑ (pīténa)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तैः (pītáiḥ) पी॒तेभिः॑¹ (pītébhiḥ¹)
dative	पी॒ताय॑ (pītā́ya)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तेभ्यः॑ (pītébhyaḥ)
ablative	पी॒तात् (pītā́t)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तेभ्यः॑ (pītébhyaḥ)
genitive	पी॒तस्य॑ (pītásya)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒ताना॑म् (pītā́nām)
locative	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒तेषु॑ (pītéṣu)
vocative	पीत॑ (pī́ta)	पीतौ॑ (pī́tau) पीता॑¹ (pī́tā¹)	पीताः॑ (pī́tāḥ) पीता॑सः¹ (pī́tāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पी॒ता

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पी॒ता (pītā́)	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒ताः (pītā́ḥ)
accusative	पी॒ताम् (pītā́m)	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒ताः (pītā́ḥ)
instrumental	पी॒तया॑ (pītáyā) पी॒ता¹ (pītā́¹)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒ताभिः॑ (pītā́bhiḥ)
dative	पी॒तायै॑ (pītā́yai)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒ताभ्यः॑ (pītā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	पी॒तायाः॑ (pītā́yāḥ) पी॒तायै॑² (pītā́yai²)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒ताभ्यः॑ (pītā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	पी॒तायाः॑ (pītā́yāḥ) पी॒तायै॑² (pītā́yai²)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒ताना॑म् (pītā́nām)
locative	पी॒ताया॑म् (pītā́yām)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒तासु॑ (pītā́su)
vocative	पीते॑ (pī́te)	पीते॑ (pī́te)	पीताः॑ (pī́tāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पी॒त

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पी॒तम् (pītám)	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒तानि॑ (pītā́ni) पी॒ता¹ (pītā́¹)
accusative	पी॒तम् (pītám)	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒तानि॑ (pītā́ni) पी॒ता¹ (pītā́¹)
instrumental	पी॒तेन॑ (pīténa)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तैः (pītáiḥ) पी॒तेभिः॑¹ (pītébhiḥ¹)
dative	पी॒ताय॑ (pītā́ya)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तेभ्यः॑ (pītébhyaḥ)
ablative	पी॒तात् (pītā́t)	पी॒ताभ्या॑म् (pītā́bhyām)	पी॒तेभ्यः॑ (pītébhyaḥ)
genitive	पी॒तस्य॑ (pītásya)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒ताना॑म् (pītā́nām)
locative	पी॒ते (pīté)	पी॒तयोः॑ (pītáyoḥ)	पी॒तेषु॑ (pītéṣu)
vocative	पीत॑ (pī́ta)	पीते॑ (pī́te)	पीता॑नि (pī́tāni) पीता॑¹ (pī́tā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pīta
• Prakrit: 𑀧𑀻𑀅 (pīa) (see there for further descendants)
• Gandhari: 𐨤𐨁𐨡 (pida)

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to पित्त (pitta, “bile”), and along with it, derived from the root पी (pī, “to swell, fatten”) with semantic shift "fat" > "the color of fat (like butter and oil)" > "yellow". It is also possible that पित्त (pitta) is the original term, with पीत (pīta) a derivative of it; in this case, whether पित्त (pitta) derives from पी (pī) is less clear.

Adjective

पीत • (pīta) stem

1. yellow (the color of the Vaiśyas, white being that of the Brāhmans, red that of the Kṣatriyas, and black that of the Śūdras)

Noun

पीत • (pīta) stem, m

1. yellow color
2. a yellow substance

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पीतः (pītaḥ)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीताः (pītāḥ) पीतासः¹ (pītāsaḥ¹)
accusative	पीतम् (pītam)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीतान् (pītān)
instrumental	पीतेन (pītena)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतैः (pītaiḥ) पीतेभिः¹ (pītebhiḥ¹)
dative	पीताय (pītāya)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītebhyaḥ)
ablative	पीतात् (pītāt)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītebhyaḥ)
genitive	पीतस्य (pītasya)	पीतयोः (pītayoḥ)	पीतानाम् (pītānām)
locative	पीते (pīte)	पीतयोः (pītayoḥ)	पीतेषु (pīteṣu)
vocative	पीत (pīta)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीताः (pītāḥ) पीतासः¹ (pītāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पीतक (pītaka)
• पीतल (pītala)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “पीत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 629/2-3.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “पीत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan