पीत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পীত (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬷᬢ (Balinese script)
• পীত (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰱𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀻𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• ပီတ (Burmese script)
• પીત (Gujarati script)
• ਪੀਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍀𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦷꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂲𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೀತ (Kannada script)
• បីត (Khmer script)
• ປີຕ (Lao script)
• പീത (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡳᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘲𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠢᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧓𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐷𑐟 (Newa script)
• ପୀତ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢷꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆵𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖱𑖝 (Siddham script)
• පීත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩑𑩛𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚯𑚙 (Takri script)
• பீத (Tamil script)
• పీత (Telugu script)
• ปีต (Thai script)
• པཱི་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒲𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨁𑨊𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /piː.tɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /piː.t̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtás

Sanskrit पीत (pīta)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtás (“drunk”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₃tós. Cognate with Latin pōtus, Ancient Greek ποτός (potós), Persian نبید (na-bid, “wine”).

The "soaked" meaning may derive from the root पी (pī, “to soak, fatten”) or otherwise be influenced by it.

Participle

पी॒त • (pītá) past passive participle (root पा)

1. past passive participle of पा (pā)

Adjective

पी॒त • (pītá) stem

1. drunk, imbibed, sipped, quaffed, sipped
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.48.10:

     ऋदूदरेण सख्या सचेय यो मा न रिष्येद्धर्यश्व पीतः ।
     अयं यः सोमो न्यधाय्यस्मे तस्मा इन्द्रं प्रतिरमेम्यायुः ॥

     ṛdūdareṇa sakhyā saceya yo mā na riṣyeddharyaśva pītaḥ.
     ayaṃ yaḥ somo nyadhāyyasme tasmā indraṃ pratiramemyāyuḥ.

     O Lord of Horses, may I be with the Friend [Soma] whose heart is tender, who, when drunk will never harm me
     This Soma now deposited within me. For this, I pray for longer life to Indra.

2. soaked, saturated, filled with (with instrumental of the object)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पीतः (pītáḥ)	पीतौ (pītaú) पीता¹ (pītā́¹)	पीताः (pītā́ḥ) पीतासः¹ (pītā́saḥ¹)
accusative	पीतम् (pītám)	पीतौ (pītaú) पीता¹ (pītā́¹)	पीतान् (pītā́n)
instrumental	पीतेन (pīténa)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतैः (pītaíḥ) पीतेभिः¹ (pītébhiḥ¹)
dative	पीताय (pītā́ya)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītébhyaḥ)
ablative	पीतात् (pītā́t)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītébhyaḥ)
genitive	पीतस्य (pītásya)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतानाम् (pītā́nām)
locative	पीते (pīté)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतेषु (pītéṣu)
vocative	पीत (pī́ta)	पीतौ (pī́tau) पीता¹ (pī́tā¹)	पीताः (pī́tāḥ) पीतासः¹ (pī́tāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पीता

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पीता (pītā́)	पीते (pīté)	पीताः (pītā́ḥ)
accusative	पीताम् (pītā́m)	पीते (pīté)	पीताः (pītā́ḥ)
instrumental	पीतया (pītáyā) पीता¹ (pītā́¹)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीताभिः (pītā́bhiḥ)
dative	पीतायै (pītā́yai)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीताभ्यः (pītā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	पीतायाः (pītā́yāḥ) पीतायै² (pītā́yai²)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीताभ्यः (pītā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	पीतायाः (pītā́yāḥ) पीतायै² (pītā́yai²)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतानाम् (pītā́nām)
locative	पीतायाम् (pītā́yām)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतासु (pītā́su)
vocative	पीते (pī́te)	पीते (pī́te)	पीताः (pī́tāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पीतम् (pītám)	पीते (pīté)	पीतानि (pītā́ni) पीता¹ (pītā́¹)
accusative	पीतम् (pītám)	पीते (pīté)	पीतानि (pītā́ni) पीता¹ (pītā́¹)
instrumental	पीतेन (pīténa)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतैः (pītaíḥ) पीतेभिः¹ (pītébhiḥ¹)
dative	पीताय (pītā́ya)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītébhyaḥ)
ablative	पीतात् (pītā́t)	पीताभ्याम् (pītā́bhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītébhyaḥ)
genitive	पीतस्य (pītásya)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतानाम् (pītā́nām)
locative	पीते (pīté)	पीतयोः (pītáyoḥ)	पीतेषु (pītéṣu)
vocative	पीत (pī́ta)	पीते (pī́te)	पीतानि (pī́tāni) पीता¹ (pī́tā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pīta
• Prakrit: 𑀧𑀻𑀅 (pīa) (see there for further descendants)
• Gandhari: 𐨤𐨁𐨡 (pida)

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to पित्त (pitta, “bile”), and along with it, derived from the root पी (pī, “to swell, fatten”) with semantic shift "fat" > "the color of fat (like butter and oil)" > "yellow". It is also possible that पित्त (pitta) is the original term, with पीत (pīta) a derivative of it; in this case, whether पित्त (pitta) derives from पी (pī) is less clear.

Adjective

पीत • (pīta) stem

1. yellow (the color of the Vaiśyas, white being that of the Brāhmans, red that of the Kṣatriyas, and black that of the Śūdras)

Noun

पीत • (pīta) stem, m

1. yellow color
2. a yellow substance

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पीत

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पीतः (pītaḥ)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीताः (pītāḥ) पीतासः¹ (pītāsaḥ¹)
accusative	पीतम् (pītam)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीतान् (pītān)
instrumental	पीतेन (pītena)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतैः (pītaiḥ) पीतेभिः¹ (pītebhiḥ¹)
dative	पीताय (pītāya)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītebhyaḥ)
ablative	पीतात् (pītāt)	पीताभ्याम् (pītābhyām)	पीतेभ्यः (pītebhyaḥ)
genitive	पीतस्य (pītasya)	पीतयोः (pītayoḥ)	पीतानाम् (pītānām)
locative	पीते (pīte)	पीतयोः (pītayoḥ)	पीतेषु (pīteṣu)
vocative	पीत (pīta)	पीतौ (pītau) पीता¹ (pītā¹)	पीताः (pītāḥ) पीतासः¹ (pītāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• पीतक (pītaka)
• पीतल (pītala)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “पीत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 629/2-3.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “पीत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan